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* [https://www.jdpower.com/business/press-releases/2019-initial-quality-study-iqs J.D. Power Initial Quality Study (IQS) 2019]
* [https://www.jdpower.com/business/press-releases/2019-initial-quality-study-iqs J.D. Power Initial Quality Study (IQS) 2019]
* [https://lifehacker.com/how-to-check-a-used-cars-quality-without-paying-a-mecha-1848533292 How to Check a Used Car's Quality Without Paying a Mechanic]
* [https://lifehacker.com/how-to-check-a-used-cars-quality-without-paying-a-mecha-1848533292 How to Check a Used Car's Quality Without Paying a Mechanic]
* [https://www.howtogeek.com/best-selling-suvs-of-2024/ These Were The 10 Best-Selling SUVs Of 2024]


= Battery =
= Battery =
Line 32: Line 33:
*# Charged/donor car + positive
*# Charged/donor car + positive
*# Charged car + negative
*# Charged car + negative
*# Dead car + <span style="color: red">grounding piece of metal to attach (Do not attach the black clamp to the negative terminal )</span>. For example we can use the [https://youtu.be/YQWMpie94-M?t=95 trunk latch] for sonata hybrid.
*# Dead car + <span style="color: red">unpainted metal component of the car’s structure, such as an engine bracket or bolt (Do not attach the black clamp to the negative terminal )</span>. For example we can use the [https://youtu.be/YQWMpie94-M?t=95 trunk latch] for sonata hybrid.
* Jump-Start the Car
* Jump-Start the Car
*# start the vehicle with the charged battery  
*# start the vehicle with the charged battery  
Line 42: Line 43:
*# Charged car + Remove the black clamp from the negative terminal
*# Charged car + Remove the black clamp from the negative terminal
*# Charged car + Remove the red clamp from the positive terminal
*# Charged car + Remove the red clamp from the positive terminal
== NOCO Boost ==
[https://smile.amazon.com/NOCO-GB40-UltraSafe-Lithium-Starter/dp/B015TKUPIC NOCO Boost Plus GB40 1000 Amp 12-Volt UltraSafe Lithium Jump Starter Box]
== Mazda case ==
* When battery is low, its trunk cannot be opened
* When battery is too low (3.5V left),
** the brake pedal is half way only
** Make sure the key fob's 3V battery (CR2025) is still good.
** '''Keyless system malfunction'''. Follow the suggestion [https://weldingtroop.com/keyless-system-malfunction-mazda-cx-5/ Mazda CX-5 Keyless system malfunction] to reset the system by clicking the '''Lock''' and '''Unlock''' on the key fob at the same time for 30-60 seconds (PS I need to jump the car at the same time; or the key fob did not work). After I hear a beep sound, I release two buttons.
** Try a few time to start the car. Eventually it works.
* Both two of the portable jump starters did not help.


= Alternator =
= Alternator =
Line 76: Line 89:
* [https://www.wikihow.com/Check-Tire-Tread-with-a-Penny How to Check Tire Tread with a Penny]
* [https://www.wikihow.com/Check-Tire-Tread-with-a-Penny How to Check Tire Tread with a Penny]
* [https://www.rd.com/article/red-or-yellow-dot-tires/ What Does a Red or Yellow Dot on Your Tires Mean? ]
* [https://www.rd.com/article/red-or-yellow-dot-tires/ What Does a Red or Yellow Dot on Your Tires Mean? ]
* [https://www.wikihow.com/Rotate-Tires How to rotate tires]


= Tire pressure monitoring sensor/TPMS =
= Tire pressure monitoring sensor/TPMS =
[https://mechanicbase.com/tires/tire-pressure-sensor-symptoms/ 3 Signs of a Bad Tire Pressure Sensor (& Replacement Cost)]
* [https://mechanicbase.com/tires/tire-pressure-sensor-symptoms/ 3 Signs of a Bad Tire Pressure Sensor (& Replacement Cost)]
* [https://www.tireminder.com/products/tire-pressure-monitoring-systems/tireminder-i10 TireMinder]


= 車窗怎麼開有學問 =
= 車窗怎麼開有學問 =
[https://health.udn.com/health/story/6008/4298397 車窗怎麼開有學問]
[https://health.udn.com/health/story/6008/4298397 車窗怎麼開有學問]
= 超短距離出庫技巧 =
[https://youtu.be/XyQfNmALVj8 【汽車經驗分享】超短距離出庫技巧，原來這麼簡單，新手也沒問題]
= 如何判斷車頭距離 =
[https://youtu.be/DTV1nxPqfp4 【汽車經驗分享】如何判斷車頭距離]
= 路邊停車 =
[https://youtu.be/uikA64IpoPM 【汽車經驗分享】路邊停車原理分析]
= 天冷發動引擎要不要「暖車」=
無需特別原地熱車


= Gear =
= Gear =
Line 89: Line 116:


[https://www.drivingtesttips.biz/when-to-change-gear.html WHAT GEAR FOR WHICH SPEED]
[https://www.drivingtesttips.biz/when-to-change-gear.html WHAT GEAR FOR WHICH SPEED]
== Hill Start Assist(HSA) Or Hill Hold Control(HSC) or Auto Hold ==
* [https://www.v3cars.com/features-explained/hill-start-assist-hill-hold-control Hill Start Assist Or Hill Hold Control - Feature Explained]
* [https://www.just-auto.com/data-insights/innovators-hill-assist-braking-automotive/ Hill-assist braking]
* [https://mechanswers.com/difference-between-hill-hold-and-hill-assist/ What's the difference between Hill-Hold and Hill-Assistant]. Auto Hold System-when you press the brake of your vehicle at a standstill position, the auto hold system keeps that braking pressure.
= Locked shifter =
[https://autojosh.com/locked-shifter-gear-lever-cant-shift-park-position/ Locked Shifter: What To Do When Your Gear Lever Can’t Shift From Park Position]


= Oil =
= Oil =
== Oil change ==
* Transmission oil: 5 years or 60k miles
* Transmission oil: 5 years or 60k miles
* Brake oil: 3 years
* Brake oil: 3 years
* Belt: 90k to 100k miles
* Belt: 90k to 100k miles
== Oil leak ==
* [https://lifehacker.com/travel/which-part-of-car-is-leaking The Easiest Way to Figure Out Which Part of Your Car Is Leaking]
** Engine oil generally appears dark brown or black, feels slick, and burns the nose.
** Transmission fluid is usually red or green and slippery.
** Coolant can be pink, green, or yellow, feels slimy, and smells sweet.
** Power steering fluid is clear to light brown, and has a burnt-marshmallow smell.
** Brake fluid is clear to light brown, and feels oily but not slick.


= Car Repairs =
= Car Repairs =
[https://www.familyhandyman.com/list/10-car-repairs-youve-probably-wasted-money-on/ 11 Money Wasting Car Repairs]
[https://www.familyhandyman.com/list/10-car-repairs-youve-probably-wasted-money-on/ 11 Money Wasting Car Repairs]
= Check These Before a Long Road Trip =
[https://lifehacker.com/always-check-these-five-car-parts-before-a-long-road-tr-1850125026 Always Check These Five Car Parts Before a Long Road Trip]


= Horsepower and Torque =
= Horsepower and Torque =
Line 115: Line 162:


== Spark plugs and PCV value ==
== Spark plugs and PCV value ==
[https://youtu.be/A2e5DQXSIUk Hyundai Sonata Spark Plug and PCV Valve Change]
[https://youtu.be/A2e5DQXSIUk Hyundai Sonata Spark Plug and PCV Valve Change], [https://youtu.be/A2e5DQXSIUk?t=204 PCV]


== Check Brake Warning Light ==
== Check Brake Warning Light ==
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* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jHG0JoC-2PA Hyundai Sonata (2014-2021) - New Battery Install]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jHG0JoC-2PA Hyundai Sonata (2014-2021) - New Battery Install]
* [https://www.autopadre.com/battery-size/hyundai-sonata Hyundai Sonata Battery Size] H6R
* [https://www.autopadre.com/battery-size/hyundai-sonata Hyundai Sonata Battery Size] H6R
* [https://shop.advanceautoparts.com/p/diehard-gold-battery-group-size-h6r-600-cca-h6r/11764085-P DieHard Gold Battery: H6R Group Size, 600 CCA, 750 CA, 110 Minute Reserve Capacity]
* [https://youtu.be/uw5L8bT2NrI How to replace 12V battery 2013 Hyundai Sonata '''Hybrid''' Limited]. The battery is in the trunk.
* [https://youtu.be/uw5L8bT2NrI How to replace 12V battery 2013 Hyundai Sonata '''Hybrid''' Limited]. The battery is in the trunk.
* [https://youtu.be/gc_KxLtav88 How to repair Hyundai Sonata hybrid or Kia hybrid no starting battery problem for $6.45]
* [https://youtu.be/gc_KxLtav88 How to repair Hyundai Sonata hybrid or Kia hybrid no starting battery problem for $6.45]
* [https://relionbattery.com/knowledge/what-is-battery-reserve-capacity What Is Battery Reserve Capacity?] Reserve capacity is the amount of time, in minutes, that a 12V battery can run before dropping to 10.5V.


= Shocks and struts =
= Shocks and struts =
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= Car engine block heater =
= Car engine block heater =
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_heater
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_heater
= Engine overheating =
[https://lifehacker.com/travel/what-to-do-if-your-car-is-overheating-according-to-a-mechanic What to Do If Your Car Is Overheating, According to Mechanics]


= Car insurance =
= Car insurance =
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[https://lifehacker.com/the-five-most-common-causes-of-a-check-engine-light-and-30825213 Why Your 'Check Engine' Light Is On]
[https://lifehacker.com/the-five-most-common-causes-of-a-check-engine-light-and-30825213 Why Your 'Check Engine' Light Is On]


= Torque Wrench =
= Tools =
[https://m.wikihow.com/Use-a-Torque-Wrench How to Use a Torque Wrench]
* [https://m.wikihow.com/Use-a-Torque-Wrench How to Use a Torque Wrench]
* [https://www.wikihow.com/Measure-a-Bolt How to Measure a Bolt]
* [https://www.amazon.com/03000A-Ratchet-Reversible-Polished-Teardrop/dp/B09C9Z292B Wrench Set, 1/4” 3/8” & 1/2" Drive Ratchet Wrench]


= Windshield wiper =
= Windshield wiper =
Line 150: Line 204:
* [https://www.amazon.com/Rain-X-5079274-2-Latitude-Water-Repellency/dp/B07BCY68B9 Rain-X 5079273-2 Latitude 2-in-1]
* [https://www.amazon.com/Rain-X-5079274-2-Latitude-Water-Repellency/dp/B07BCY68B9 Rain-X 5079273-2 Latitude 2-in-1]


= EV charger =
= EV car =
[https://www.howtogeek.com/794923/can-any-electric-car-use-any-ev-charger/ Can Any Electric Car Use Any EV Charger?]
* [https://www.reviewgeek.com/135026/why-you-cant-just-buy-an-electric-car/ Why You Can’t Just Buy an Electric Car]
* [https://www.howtogeek.com/794923/can-any-electric-car-use-any-ev-charger/ Can Any Electric Car Use Any EV Charger?]


= Car key change battery =
= Car key change battery =
[https://youtu.be/8b9GYlz1ss8?t=46 How To Change A Hyundai Remote Fob Smart Key Battery], [https://youtu.be/BAeB6eze73U?t=29 How to Replace the Battery in Your Mazda Key Fob]
[https://youtu.be/8b9GYlz1ss8?t=46 How To Change A Hyundai Remote Fob Smart Key Battery], [https://youtu.be/BAeB6eze73U?t=29 How to Replace the Battery in Your Mazda Key Fob] CR2025


= Car vacuum =
= Car vacuum =
[https://www.rd.com/article/car-vacuums/ 10 Best Car Vacuums to Keep Your Car Looking Brand New]
[https://www.rd.com/article/car-vacuums/ 10 Best Car Vacuums to Keep Your Car Looking Brand New]
= Mouse/mice =
* [https://mechanicbase.com/cars/keep-mice-rats-rodents-out-of-your-car/ 10 Ways to Keep Mice and Rats Out of Your Car]
* [https://www.consumerreports.org/cars/car-maintenance/how-to-protect-your-car-from-rodents-a5816950285/ How to Protect Your Car From Rodents]


= Emission test =
= Emission test =
[https://mva.maryland.gov/vehicles/Pages/veip.aspx MVA Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program]
[https://mva.maryland.gov/vehicles/Pages/veip.aspx MVA Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program]
= Violation =
* School bus monitoring violation & citation notice $250

Latest revision as of 12:24, 12 November 2025

General resource

Prevent window ice in the morning

  • Cover your windows at night with a towel, a folded sheet, or a piece of cardboard. Try to arrange the cover tight against the window so that dew can't form in any loose spots.
  • How to Prevent Frost on Windshield
  • 5 Clever Car Tricks for Winter
  • The Fastest Way to Defrost Your Car Windows
    • Turn your heater on.
    • Press the A/C button.
    • Turn air recirculation off. Winter air is cold, and as it does not hold much moisture, it is dry. Bringing it into your car ups absorption capacity to more quickly dry the saturated air trapped within.
    • Crack your windows (open your window). This helps exchange the humid air in your car with dryer outside air, speeding up the process.

買車

Battery

How to Check Lead Acid Battery Health. Under normal circumstances, a 12-volt lead acid automobile battery should give a reading between 12.4 and 12.7 volts.

Battery charge/jump start

  • The negative battery cable must be removed first and installed last when the battery is disconnected.
  • Connect the Jumper Cables
    1. Dead car + positive (red)
    2. Charged/donor car + positive
    3. Charged car + negative
    4. Dead car + unpainted metal component of the car’s structure, such as an engine bracket or bolt (Do not attach the black clamp to the negative terminal ). For example we can use the trunk latch for sonata hybrid.
  • Jump-Start the Car
    1. start the vehicle with the charged battery
    2. Go to the car with the dead battery and turn the key until the engine fully starts.
  • Remove the Jumper Cables
    1. Leave both cars running.
    2. Dead car + remove the black clamp
    3. Dead car + Remove the red clamp
    4. Charged car + Remove the black clamp from the negative terminal
    5. Charged car + Remove the red clamp from the positive terminal

NOCO Boost

NOCO Boost Plus GB40 1000 Amp 12-Volt UltraSafe Lithium Jump Starter Box

Mazda case

  • When battery is low, its trunk cannot be opened
  • When battery is too low (3.5V left),
    • the brake pedal is half way only
    • Make sure the key fob's 3V battery (CR2025) is still good.
    • Keyless system malfunction. Follow the suggestion Mazda CX-5 Keyless system malfunction to reset the system by clicking the Lock and Unlock on the key fob at the same time for 30-60 seconds (PS I need to jump the car at the same time; or the key fob did not work). After I hear a beep sound, I release two buttons.
    • Try a few time to start the car. Eventually it works.
  • Both two of the portable jump starters did not help.

Alternator

How Does Your Car's Alternator Work?

汽車打不著火

  • Google: 汽車 啟動馬達 繼電器
  • 如果沒有聽到啟動馬達轉動 -> battery沒電 or 啟動馬達繼電器故障
  • 啟動馬達 繼電器 (relay, solenoid) http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/10/2/28/n2830482.htm
  • 如果啟動馬達轉動正常 -> 油泵 Pump
  • 如果經常容易沒有電 -> check 發動機 Alternator 輸出電壓

紅綠燈/不加油就熄火或抖動

怠速控制閥門 (Idle speed control air valve)

車輪有聲音

煞車片貼車盤 或是車輪軸承 (bearing)

卡鉗 Caliper

車子前方有噪音

車子後方有噪音

  • 後輪軸承Wheel bearing
  • Rear brake caliper
  • Nail on tires

Tire

Tire pressure monitoring sensor/TPMS

車窗怎麼開有學問

車窗怎麼開有學問

超短距離出庫技巧

【汽車經驗分享】超短距離出庫技巧，原來這麼簡單，新手也沒問題

如何判斷車頭距離

【汽車經驗分享】如何判斷車頭距離

路邊停車

【汽車經驗分享】路邊停車原理分析

天冷發動引擎要不要「暖車」

無需特別原地熱車

Gear

When should you change gear when driving? A normal cruising rev range will be between 1800-2500rpm. The ideal is to keep your vehicle in a gear where you are doing around 2000rpm, unless you are coming to a stop. On long downhill sections, change down one or two gears. You don’t want to change down too many.

Safe Mountain Driving: Brush Up On These Safety Tips. Shift to a lower gear before you start heading downhill, as this will help slow down the car without you having to ride the brakes, says the National Park Service. If your vehicle has an automatic transmission, use “L” or “2.”

WHAT GEAR FOR WHICH SPEED

Hill Start Assist(HSA) Or Hill Hold Control(HSC) or Auto Hold

Locked shifter

Locked Shifter: What To Do When Your Gear Lever Can’t Shift From Park Position

Oil

Oil change

  • Transmission oil: 5 years or 60k miles
  • Brake oil: 3 years
  • Belt: 90k to 100k miles

Oil leak

  • The Easiest Way to Figure Out Which Part of Your Car Is Leaking
    • Engine oil generally appears dark brown or black, feels slick, and burns the nose.
    • Transmission fluid is usually red or green and slippery.
    • Coolant can be pink, green, or yellow, feels slimy, and smells sweet.
    • Power steering fluid is clear to light brown, and has a burnt-marshmallow smell.
    • Brake fluid is clear to light brown, and feels oily but not slick.

Car Repairs

11 Money Wasting Car Repairs

Check These Before a Long Road Trip

Always Check These Five Car Parts Before a Long Road Trip

Horsepower and Torque

The Difference Between Horsepower and Torque Explained

Mechanical

speedkar99 mechanical reviews (youtube)

Car brakes

Sonata

Fluid

Fluid Maintenace in 2015-2018 Hyundai Sonata.

  • Engine oil, Engine coolant, Automatic transmission fluid, Brake fluid, Washer
  • No power steeling fluid.

Spark plugs and PCV value

Hyundai Sonata Spark Plug and PCV Valve Change, PCV

Check Brake Warning Light

  • Hyundai Sonata Hybrid Problems Check Brake Warning Light
  • Hyundai 2011 "PRESS BRAKE PEDAL TO START ENGINE" problem. Check the comment by Twanna Clark. Beware, don't keep pushing start or it will drain your battery. Dealer said it was a bad brake switch...replaced it for free. Here's a hint to start your car without pressing the break, 1) push in start, 2) let go, 3) push in again and hold for 30 seconds. You can do that any time to start the car without having to press the break. Dealer taught me that trick. starter or brake switch ($10 part), transmission inhibitor switch problem.

Battery

Shocks and struts

Car engine block heater

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_heater

Engine overheating

What to Do If Your Car Is Overheating, According to Mechanics

Car insurance

Defensive Driver discount. Simply visit geico.com/ddc. If an online course is completed, GEICO will be automatically notified, and we will add the discount to your policy. If the course is completed in a classroom, just log into your policy and update the information, and then we will apply the discount.

Engine light is on

Why Your 'Check Engine' Light Is On

Tools

Windshield wiper

EV car

Car key change battery

How To Change A Hyundai Remote Fob Smart Key Battery, How to Replace the Battery in Your Mazda Key Fob CR2025

Car vacuum

10 Best Car Vacuums to Keep Your Car Looking Brand New

Mouse/mice

Emission test

MVA Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program

Violation

  • School bus monitoring violation & citation notice $250
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