Qt: Difference between revisions

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* http://qt-project.org/wiki/Transition_from_Qt_4.x_to_Qt5
* http://qt-project.org/wiki/Transition_from_Qt_4.x_to_Qt5
* http://mutse.github.io/2013/03/28/compatible-with-qt4-qt5-tip/ 兼容 Qt4 和 Qt5 技巧
* http://mutse.github.io/2013/03/28/compatible-with-qt4-qt5-tip/ 兼容 Qt4 和 Qt5 技巧
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-xzMafZ0NU
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24899558/how-to-check-qt-version-to-include-different-header


In summary, we need to [http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_for_beginners add the following line to .pro file] (Don't understand why qmake from Qt5 cannot automatic do it for us)
In summary, we need to [http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_for_beginners add the following line to .pro file] (Don't understand why qmake from Qt5 cannot automatic do it for us)
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to
to
<pre>
<pre>
#include <QtGlobal>
#if QT_VERSION >= 0x050000
#include <QtWidgets>
#include <QtWidgets>
#else
#include <QtGui>
#endif
</pre>
</pre>


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* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/01/18/qt-charts-2-1-0-release/
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/01/18/qt-charts-2-1-0-release/
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/01/13/new-agreement-with-the-kde-free-qt-foundation/
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/01/13/new-agreement-with-the-kde-free-qt-foundation/
* [[#Qt_Charts|Internal link]]


==== Handwriting recognition ====
==== Handwriting recognition ====
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* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/16/qt-5-7-for-device-creation/ Qt 5.7 for Device Creation]
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/16/qt-5-7-for-device-creation/ Qt 5.7 for Device Creation]
* [http://doc.qt.io/QtForDeviceCreation/qtee-installation-guide.html Requirements for Development Host]
* [http://doc.qt.io/QtForDeviceCreation/qtee-installation-guide.html Requirements for Development Host]
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/07/01/aligning-with-the-yocto-project/ Yocto project]


==== Qt 3D (Qt 5.7) ====
==== Qt 3D (Qt 5.7) ====
[http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/16/introducing-qt-3d/ Introducing Qt 3D]
[http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/16/introducing-qt-3d/ Introducing Qt 3D]
==== Qt Lite (Qt 5.8) ====
http://blog.qt.io/blog/2017/05/31/qt-lite-qt-5-9-lts/
==== Qbs ====
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2017/05/29/qbs-1-8-released/ Qbs 1.8]
== Download open source Qt ==
https://www.qt.io/download-open-source/
==  Qt Installer Framework ==
https://doc.qt.io/qtinstallerframework/index.html


== Developer Page ==
== Developer Page ==
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* [http://forum.qt.io/ New forum] from qt.io
* [http://forum.qt.io/ New forum] from qt.io
* [http://www.qtcentre.org/forum Classical forum] from qtcentre.org
* [http://www.qtcentre.org/forum Classical forum] from qtcentre.org
== World Summit ==
https://www.qt.io/qtws-videos/


= Qt Tutorial =
= Qt Tutorial =
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* Forum about heatmap http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/45776-Using-Qt-to-display-a-interactive-heatmap
* Forum about heatmap http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/45776-Using-Qt-to-display-a-interactive-heatmap
* Search http://code.google.com/ to find projects based on Qt. Other hosting sites includes sourceforge.org, githumb,... See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_software_hosting_facilities wikipedia web site].
* Search http://code.google.com/ to find projects based on Qt. Other hosting sites includes sourceforge.org, githumb,... See [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open-source_software_hosting_facilities wikipedia web site].
* [http://sourceforge.net/directory/freshness:recently-updated/environment:ui_qt/ sourceforge]
* Sourceforge sorted by [http://sourceforge.net/directory/freshness:recently-updated/environment:ui_qt/ freshness] or [https://sourceforge.net/directory/language:cpp/os:linux/?q=qt relevance]


== Books ==
== Books ==
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* http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/03/unity-next-project-announced
* http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2013/03/unity-next-project-announced
* [https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio RStudio] is written in the C++ programming language and uses the Qt framework for its graphical user interface. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RStudio, http://support.rstudio.org/help/discussions/suggestions/3154-rstudio-and-qt-5 and [https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio/tree/master/dependencies/linux Linux platform] or [https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio/tree/master/dependencies/windows Windows platform].
* [https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio RStudio] is written in the C++ programming language and uses the Qt framework for its graphical user interface. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RStudio, http://support.rstudio.org/help/discussions/suggestions/3154-rstudio-and-qt-5 and [https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio/tree/master/dependencies/linux Linux platform] or [https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio/tree/master/dependencies/windows Windows platform].
* Qt is used in a lot of places. See some example in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_framework#Uses wikipedia]. Some famous ones are [http://calibre-ebook.com/download_linux Calibre], [http://www.keepassx.org/requirements/ KeePassX], Mathematica, DreamWorks, Google Earth, HP, KDE, [http://www.lyx.org/Download LyX], Roku TV box, Samsung, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribus Scribus], Skype, Ubuntu, [https://www.virtualbox.org/browser/vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Frontends/VirtualBox VirtualBox], VLC, Volvo, [http://code.google.com/p/propside/ Propeller GCC IDE], [http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html Texmaker], [http://www.ubuntugeek.com/yarock-modern-music-player.html Yarock music player], etc. I guess 'Glucore Omics Explorer' was also made from Qt; see [http://se.linkedin.com/in/fredriknyberg LinkedIn].
* Qt is used in a lot of places. See some example in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_framework#Uses wikipedia]. Some famous ones are [http://calibre-ebook.com/download_linux Calibre], [http://www.keepassx.org/requirements/ KeePassX], Mathematica, DreamWorks, [https://github.com/lupoDharkael/flameshot#installation flameshot], Google Earth, HP, KDE, [http://www.lyx.org/Download LyX], Roku TV box, Samsung, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scribus Scribus], Skype, Ubuntu, [https://www.virtualbox.org/browser/vbox/trunk/src/VBox/Frontends/VirtualBox VirtualBox], VLC, Volvo, [http://code.google.com/p/propside/ Propeller GCC IDE], [http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/download.html Texmaker], [http://www.ubuntugeek.com/yarock-modern-music-player.html Yarock music player], etc. I guess 'Glucore Omics Explorer' was also made from Qt; see [http://se.linkedin.com/in/fredriknyberg LinkedIn].
* [http://www.meegoexperts.com/2011/03/10-qt-cases-we-didn%E2%80%99t/ 10 Qt use cases “we” didn’t know]
* [http://www.meegoexperts.com/2011/03/10-qt-cases-we-didn%E2%80%99t/ 10 Qt use cases “we” didn’t know]
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/ Win32Image]: build requirement: 1. MinGW (20120426 from http://mingw.org) 2. Qt for Windows SDK (currently using 4.8.4 mingw from http://qt-project.org)
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/ Win32Image]: build requirement: 1. MinGW (20120426 from http://mingw.org) 2. Qt for Windows SDK (currently using 4.8.4 mingw from http://qt-project.org)
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* [https://github.com/MWSchmid/Rcount Rcount] simple and flexible RNA-Seq read counting.
* [https://github.com/MWSchmid/Rcount Rcount] simple and flexible RNA-Seq read counting.
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/luckybackup/ luckyBackup]. luckyBackup is an application that backs-up and/or synchronizes any directories with the power of rsync. See an [http://www.ubuntugeek.com/luckybackup-backup-sync-your-data-with-the-power-of-rsync.html article] from ubuntugeek.com.
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/luckybackup/ luckyBackup]. luckyBackup is an application that backs-up and/or synchronizes any directories with the power of rsync. See an [http://www.ubuntugeek.com/luckybackup-backup-sync-your-data-with-the-power-of-rsync.html article] from ubuntugeek.com.
* [https://nitroshare.net/ NitroShare] file sharing on your local network (open source on [https://github.com/nitroshare/nitroshare-desktop Github]).
* [https://github.com/dweindl/mia MIA --- Mass isotopolome analyzer]
* [http://www.nixnote.org/ NixNote 2] (Evernote on Linux) and its source code in [https://github.com/baumgarr/nixnote2 github].
* [https://github.com/notepadqq/notepadqq Notepadqq] Notepad++-like editor for Linux
* [https://www.smplayer.info/en/downloads SMPlayer]
== List of Qt Applications ==
* https://wiki.manjaro.org/index.php?title=List_of_Qt_Applications


== Binding with different languages ==
== Binding with different languages ==
http://qt-project.org/wiki/Category:LanguageBindings
http://qt-project.org/wiki/Category:LanguageBindings
== Mobile Applications ==
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2017/06/14/mobile-app-development-qt-part-1-top-considerations-choosing-app-development-framework/ Mobile App Development with Qt Part 1 – Top Considerations for Choosing Your App Development Framework]


= Install precompiled binary Qt on Windows =
= Install precompiled binary Qt on Windows =
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For Qheatmap application, we still need to copy 2 dll files: '''mingwm10.dll'''(11 KB) and '''libgcc_s_dw2-1.dll'''(43 KB) from C:\mingw\bin folder to the same folder as Qheatmap.exe. These 2 files were also mentioned in [http://qt-project.org/wiki/Building_Qt_Desktop_for_Windows_with_MinGW Building Qt Desktop for Windows] with MinGW.
For Qheatmap application, we still need to copy 2 dll files: '''mingwm10.dll'''(11 KB) and '''libgcc_s_dw2-1.dll'''(43 KB) from C:\mingw\bin folder to the same folder as Qheatmap.exe. These 2 files were also mentioned in [http://qt-project.org/wiki/Building_Qt_Desktop_for_Windows_with_MinGW Building Qt Desktop for Windows] with MinGW.
See also
* [https://sourceforge.net/p/unetbootin/wiki/compile/ Building a Statically Linked Version of UNetbootin]


== My experience based on Qt [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5.0/qtdoc/install-win.html 5.x.x] ==
== My experience based on Qt [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-5.0/qtdoc/install-win.html 5.x.x] ==
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</pre>
</pre>
Still get errors "LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _u_charType_51  JavaScriptCore.lib(Lexer.obj)" as reported by [http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/28913 this case]. [https://bugreports.qt-project.org/browse/QTBUG-32496 This] is a good reference.
Still get errors "LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _u_charType_51  JavaScriptCore.lib(Lexer.obj)" as reported by [http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/28913 this case]. [https://bugreports.qt-project.org/browse/QTBUG-32496 This] is a good reference.
== Build script ==
http://wohlsoft.ru/pgewiki/Building_static_Qt_5#Configure


= Install Qt on Ubuntu =
= Install Qt on Ubuntu =


ArchWiki is useful; see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Qt.
ArchWiki is useful; see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Qt.
https://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_for_Linux


http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/x/qt5.html
http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/x/qt5.html
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</pre>
</pre>


== [http://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_5_from_Git Build Qt5 from source] ==
== Build Qt5 from source ==
'''Note''':  
'''Note''':  
# If Qt is built from source, the release version of executable created by this Qt will be automatically static; there is no need to modify .pro file.
# If Qt is built from source, the release version of executable created by this Qt will be automatically static; there is no need to modify .pro file.
# <span style="color: red">Over 30GB disk space will be used after running 'make' command on Qt 5.5.0. </span>It is safe to allocate, say, 80GB for the disk space (after installing Linux the available space under / may be only 67GB).  
# <span style="color: red">Over 30GB disk space will be used after running 'make' command on Qt 5.5.0 or Qt 5.7.0. </span>It is safe to allocate at least 50 (20+30) or, say 80GB for the disk space (after installing Linux the available space under / may be only 67GB).  
# If we follow the instruction on [http://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_5_from_Git Building Qt 5 from Git] to run the command ''sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default'', we will get an error message ''E: You must put some 'source' URIs in your sources.list''. To fix the problem, edit the file </etc/apt/sources.list> and uncomment the lines starts with ''deb-src''. Then run '''sudo apt-get update''' before calling '''sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default'''. The whole reason is the sources.list file contains only binary URIs, but you need source URIs for build-dep to work.
# On Intel Core2Duo E8400 @3.0GHz (2-core) with 2768MB RAM , it took 223m to run ''make -j2'' with Qt 5.7.0. ''sudo make install'' took < 1m. The disk space took by qt-everywhere-opensource-5.7.0 is 25GB. The partition /dev/sda1 is reduced from 47GB to 15GB.
# A static build of Qt applicatio has to be open source. For commercial development, we have to purchase the commercial license. See [http://wohlsoft.ru/pgewiki/Building_static_Qt_5 here].
# When we create a static & released executable (barcharts, 233MB) in Ubuntu 14.04 and move it to another machine (Ubuntu 14.04 or Ubuntu 16.04) to run, we get errors (recall that we can use '''ldd barcharts | grep 'not found' ''' to find out what libraries are missing in the target OS)
#* '''error while loading shared libraries: libxcb-xinerama.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'''. The reason is [http://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_5_from_Git '''Libxcb''' is now the default window-system backend for platforms based on X11/Xorg]. This seems strange. But if the target computer is Ubuntu 14.04, we can solve the problem by running '''sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0-dev'''.
#* '''error while loading shared libraries: libicui18n.so.52: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory'''. Try to install WebKit related package libicu-dev. Not help. See [https://github.com/Pyppe/phantomjs2.0-ubuntu14.04x64/issues/1 here]. However, libicu52 is not available in xenial (Ubuntu 16.04). Xenial has libicui18n.so.55, however. See [https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+question/294926 this post]. Use '''ldd ./barcharts''' to see all dynamic loading libraries.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
brb@xenial:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release: 16.04
Codename: xenial
brb@xenial:~$ ldd barchart  | grep 'not found'
libicui18n.so.52 => not found
libicuuc.so.52 => not found
brb@xenial:~$ ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5226788 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      18 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so -> libicui18n.so.55.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      18 Apr 24 08:11 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so.55 -> libicui18n.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2496856 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  84606 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.so -> libicuio.so.55.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Apr 24 08:11 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.so.55 -> libicuio.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  55304 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.so.55.1
brb@xenial:~$ ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2907296 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so -> libicuuc.so.55.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Apr 24 08:11 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so.55 -> libicuuc.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1636360 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so.55.1
</syntaxhighlight>


The source code for Qt 5 can be obtained from (Not tested this approach to get the source code)
The source code for Qt 5 can be obtained from (Not tested this approach to get the source code)
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To install the requirements  
To install the requirements  
<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
# Modify /etc/apt/sources.list to uncomment lines starting with deb-src
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default # get an error on ubuntu 14.04 & 16.04. This line is not required.
# build essential
# build essential
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential perl python git
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential perl python git
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</source>
</source>


To build Qt (I added '''-static''' option so the Qt build is ''static''; use './configure -h' to see a [https://gist.github.com/arraytools/604e5bc5b0c56c1cfb30 full list] of options and [http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/configure-options.html Qt Configure Options] page)
To build Qt (I added '''-static''' option so the Qt build is ''static''. Maybe useful to consider '''-openssl-linked''' option to enabled linked OpenSSL support. Use './configure -h' to see a [https://gist.github.com/arraytools/604e5bc5b0c56c1cfb30 full list] of options and [http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/configure-options.html Qt Configure Options] page)
<source lang="bash">
<source lang="bash">
# Open browser to http://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.5/5.5.0/single/
# Open browser to http://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.5/5.5.0/single/
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cd qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0/
cd qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0/


./configure -developer-build -opensource -static -nomake examples -nomake tests
./configure -developer-build -opensource -confirm-license -static -nomake examples -nomake tests
time make -j4
time make -j4
# 190 minutes on Xeon w/ 2.5G mem, 76 min w/ 4G mem
# 190 minutes on Xeon w/ 2.5G mem, 76 min w/ 4G mem, 16 min w/ 64G mem and 12 cores.
# No need to run 'sudo make install' to install according to the ./configure output or the doc
# No need to run 'sudo make install' to install according to the ./configure output or the doc
</source>
</source>
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</pre>
</pre>


== Qt 5 ./configure output ==
== Qt 5 ./configure ==
=== ./configure full list ===
[https://gist.github.com/arraytools/604e5bc5b0c56c1cfb30 full list]
 
=== ./configure output ===
See [https://gist.github.com/arraytools/bf9fc418aa8f38df910e33d1f23506d7 here] for the output of configure from Qt 5.7.0 with '''-openssl-linked''' option.
 
<pre style="white-space: pre-wrap; /* CSS 3 */
<pre style="white-space: pre-wrap; /* CSS 3 */
       white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
       white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
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the previous build.
the previous build.
</pre>
</pre>
=== '''-skip''' option to exclude submodules and '''-no-''' to exclude some features ===
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/configure-options.html
* One example from https://github.com/LairdCP/UwTerminalX/wiki/Compiling-Qt-Statically
<pre style="white-space: pre-wrap; /* CSS 3 */ white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */ white-space: -pre-wrap; /* Opera 4-6 */ white-space: -o-pre-wrap; /* Opera 7 */ word-wrap: break-word; /* IE 5.5+ */ " >
./configure -prefix /usr/local/qt5-static/ -release -opensource -confirm-license -static -no-largefile -no-sql-mysql -no-sql-psql -no-sql-sqlite -no-journald -qt-zlib -no-mtdev -no-gif -qt-libpng -qt-libjpeg -qt-freetype -qt-harfbuzz -no-openssl -qt-pcre -qt-xcb -no-xinput2 -no-glib -no-egl -no-xcursor -no-xfixes -no-xrandr -no-xinerama -no-xinput -qt-xkbcommon-x11 -no-pulseaudio -no-alsa -no-gtkstyle -no-compile-examples -no-nis -no-cups -no-iconv -no-tslib -fontconfig -dbus-linked -qt-xcb -no-xcb-xlib -no-eglfs -no-directfb -no-linuxfb -no-kms -no-opengl -no-gstreamer -nomake examples -nomake tests -skip qtwebkit -skip qtwebsockets -skip qtwebkit-examples -skip qtwebchannel  -skip qtwebengine -skip qtwayland -skip qtwinextras -skip qtsvg -skip qtsensors -skip qtcanvas3d -skip qtconnectivity -skip declarative -skip multimedia -skip quick1 -no-audio-backend -no-xkbcommon-evdev -no-evdev -no-libproxy
</pre>
* [http://linux-sunxi.org/Qt5_For_Mali_Binaries AllWinner/Mali]


== Qt 5.x.x (offline + binary) ==
== Qt 5.x.x (offline + binary) ==
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[[File:Qt MaintenanceTool.png|200px]]
[[File:Qt MaintenanceTool.png|200px]]


== Qt 5 (binary) ==
== Qt 5 online ==
('''tested on 12/25/2014''') By default, it will be installed on ~/Qt directory. We can choose what versions of Qt to install. The newest version is Qt 5.4 now.
('''tested on 12/25/2014''') By default, it will be installed on ~/Qt directory. We can choose what versions of Qt to install. The newest version is Qt 5.4 now.
<pre>
<pre>
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</pre>
</pre>


('''tested on 9/29/2015''') By default, Qt5.5 will be installed to ~/Qt5.5.0 directory (or /opt/Qt5.5.0 if we use sudo to run the installer). It will install Qt 5.5 (Desktop gcc, Qt Quick Controls, Qt Script, Qt Canvas 3D, Qt WebEngine, Qt Quick 1, Qt3D, Qt Location and optional Source Components), Tools (Qt Creator) and Qt Extras (Qt WebView). In the 'Ready to install' dialog of the installation wizard, it shows the installation will use 803.99 MB of disk space.
('''tested on 9/29/2015''') By default, Qt5.5 will be installed to ~/Qt5.5.0 directory (or /opt/Qt5.5.0 if we use sudo to run the installer). It will install Qt 5.5 ('''Desktop gcc, Qt Quick Controls, Qt Script, Qt Canvas 3D, Qt WebEngine, Qt Quick 1, Qt3D, Qt Location''' and optional Source Components), Tools ('''Qt Creator''') and Qt Extras ('''Qt WebView'''). In the 'Ready to install' dialog of the installation wizard, it shows the installation will use 803.99 MB of disk space.
<pre>
<pre>
chmod u+x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.5.0-2.run
chmod u+x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.5.0-2.run
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</pre>
</pre>


== Qt 4.x.x ==
('''tested on 6/19/2016'''). I installed Qt 5.7.0 to ~/Qt5.7.0 (default is ~/Qt and we cannot use an old directory). Some modules are selected by default. I also checked '''Qt Charts''' and '''Qt Data Visualization'''. For Tools part, it contains '''Qt Creator 4.0.2'''. Once the new Qt is installed, the old Qt (installed through online installer too) will be replaced by the new Qt in Qt Creator. See the screenshot below.
<pre>
chmod +x qt-unified-linux-x64-2.0.3-1-online.run
./qt-unified-linux-x64-2.0.3-1-online.run
</pre>
[[File:Qtonlineinstaller.png|200px]] [[File:Qt setup.png|200px]] [[File:Qt creator options.png|200px]]
 
== Qt 4.8.x ==
=== configure full list ===
https://gist.github.com/arraytools/dc265aff8deb03fd43b28da866569789
 
=== build ===
Qt 4.x.x can be downloaded from the [http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/4.8/ Qt archive]. The latest version of 4.8 branch is 4.8.6. Strangely 4.8.7 is available to download too according to [http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/7.8/x/qt4.html linuxfromscratch].  
Qt 4.x.x can be downloaded from the [http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/4.8/ Qt archive]. The latest version of 4.8 branch is 4.8.6. Strangely 4.8.7 is available to download too according to [http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/7.8/x/qt4.html linuxfromscratch].  


'''Method 1.'''
'''Method 1.'''
Use apt-get install approach. See http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Qt-SDK-on-Ubuntu-Linux. This will install old version of qmake in the system.  
Use apt-get install approach. See http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Qt-SDK-on-Ubuntu-Linux. This will install old version of qmake in the system.  
<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools
sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
At the time of writing (tested on Linux Mint 15), the qmake is 4.5.2 (the Qt website offers 4.8.5).
At the time of writing (tested on Linux Mint 15), the qmake is 4.5.2 (the Qt website offers 4.8.5).


'''Method 2.'''
'''Method 2.'''
Manually compile it. First we download Linux/X11 one from [http://qt-project.org/downloads qt-project.org] (230MB). It is the same as the source code file. The INSTALL file points to http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/install-x11.html. We also need to do 'apt-get install libxext-dev' to resolve an error that 'basic XLib functionality test failed'.
Manually compile it. First we download Linux/X11 one from [http://qt-project.org/downloads qt-project.org] (230MB). It is the same as the source code file. The INSTALL file points to http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/install-x11.html. We also need to do 'apt-get install libxext-dev' to resolve an error that 'basic XLib functionality test failed'.
<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
sudo apt-get install build-essential -y
sudo apt-get install mesa-common-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libxext-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
 
wget http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/4.8/4.8.6/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6.tar.gz
wget http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/4.8/4.8.6/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6.tar.gz
tar xzvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6.tar.gz
tar xzvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6.tar.gz
cd qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6
cd qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6
./configure -static -debug-and-release -nomake examples -nomake tests -opensource -confirm-license
./configure -static -debug-and-release -nomake examples -nomake tests -opensource -confirm-license -openssl-linked
make -j 3
make -j3
sudo make install
sudo make install
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
Note that  
Note that  
* the last step ''make install'' is required; if this is skipped, Qt Creator won't let you to add 4.8.6 as a Kit.
* the last step ''make install'' is required; if this is skipped, Qt Creator won't let you to add 4.8.6 as a Kit.
* the directory 'qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6' is not useful anymore. It can be deleted to save space (7GB).
* the directory 'qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6' is not useful anymore. It can be deleted to save space (7GB).
* The arguments '''-nomake examples -nomake tests -opensource''' is used to save time. On my Odroid xu4, 'make -j7' took 45 minutes.
* The arguments '''-nomake examples -nomake tests -opensource''' is used to save time. On my Odroid xu4, 'make -j7' took 45 minutes.
* In my application, I also need to add '''-fontconfig''' option (provided '''libfontconfig1-dev package''' is installed).


At the end of "./configure", it shows
At the end of "./configure", it shows
Line 848: Line 955:
On Udoo, we will get the list by using the command '''find /usr/lib -iname libQt*'''. They are under /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf directory.
On Udoo, we will get the list by using the command '''find /usr/lib -iname libQt*'''. They are under /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf directory.


= Compile Qt on SBC =
== QtConfig ==
== Raspberry Pi ==
On my Odroid xu4 running Ubuntu 16.04 MATE, the '''qtconfig-qt4''' (System -> Preferences -> Look and Feel -> Qt 4 Settings) looks like
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2vmh0dMzEw Howto compile Qt 5.4 or newer for Raspberry Pi (Step-by-Step tutorial)]
* [https://wiki.qt.io/Qt5_on_RaspberryPi Qt5 on RaspberryPi]


== Beaglebone Black ==
[[File:Qtconfig-qt4.png|250px]]
See [[Beaglebone#Native_build_Qt_on_BBB|Native build Qt on BBB]]. For Qt 4.8, it took about 20 hours to ''make''.
 
Actually the configure program is call qtconfig-qt4 which is under
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
odroid@odroid:~/$ ls -l /usr/bin/qt*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26388 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtchooser
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtconfig -> qtchooser
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    43 Apr  5 12:16 /usr/bin/qtconfig-qt4 -> ../lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/qt4/bin/qtconfig
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 51744 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtcreator
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  9904 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtcreator_process_stub
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  950 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtcreator.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtdiag -> qtchooser
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  9680 Mar 14 16:04 /usr/bin/qt-faststart
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtpaths -> qtchooser
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30716 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtpromaker
</syntaxhighlight>
On my Mint 17.2 (based on Ubuntu 14.04), I have
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
brb@T3600 ~ $ ls qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6/bin
assistant          elf2e32_qtwrapper.bat  lupdate                qcollectiongenerator  qmlviewer      setcepaths.bat  xmlpatternsvalidator
createpackage      elf2e32_qtwrapper.pl  moc                    qdoc3                qt3to4        syncqt
createpackage.bat  findtr                patch_capabilities      qhelpconverter        qtconfig      syncqt.bat
createpackage.pl  lconvert              patch_capabilities.bat  qhelpgenerator        qtdemo        uic
designer          linguist              patch_capabilities.pl  qmake                qttracereplay  uic3
elf2e32_qtwrapper  lrelease              pixeltool              qmlplugindump        rcc            xmlpatterns
brb@T3600 ~ $ ls /usr/bin/qt*
/usr/bin/qtchooser  /usr/bin/qtconfig  /usr/bin/qt-faststart  /usr/bin/qtpaths
</syntaxhighlight>
 
= Install Qt on Mac =
Follow the instruction on https://github.com/sandym/qt-patches/tree/master/mac/qt-4.8.7 or [https://dootaini.wordpress.com/2016/01/07/building-qt-4-8-7-x64-on-os-x-10-11-with-xcode-7-x/ here]. It works on my Mac 10.11 El Capitan (Xcode 8.0 + Qt 4.8.7).
 
Download [https://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/4.8/4.8.7/ qt 4.8.7 source code] and [https://github.com/sandym/qt-patches qt-patches] first.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
tar xzvf ~/Downloads/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.7.tar.gz
mv ~/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.7/ ~/qt-4.8.7-src
cd ~/qt-4.8.7-src
patch -p1 < ../qt-patches/mac/qt-4.8.7/qt-4.8.7-mac.patch
 
mkdir ../qt-4.8.7-build
cd ../qt-4.8.7-build
export PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
../qt-4.8.7-src/configure -debug-and-release -nomake examples -no-qt3support -no-multimedia -no-audio-backend \
  -no-phonon -no-phonon-backend -no-gif -no-webkit -no-libtiff -prefix /usr/local/Qt-4.8.7 \
  -arch x86_64 -openssl-linked -I "$PWD/../qt-patches/mac_openssl_include" -opensource -confirm-license
make -j4
sudo make install
</syntaxhighlight>
 
Note that the executable file created by Qt is in '''.app''' format.
 
== How to specify Mac platform in qmake (QtCreator) ==
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18462420/how-to-specify-mac-platform-in-qmake-qtcreator
 
== How to detect reliably Mac OS X, iOS, Linux, Windows in C preprocessor? ==
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5919996/how-to-detect-reliably-mac-os-x-ios-linux-windows-in-c-preprocessor
 
== modalSession has been exited prematurely ==
https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-37699
 
== Deploying an Application ==
http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/deployment-mac.html
 
The '''app''' file created by Qt is actually not a file but a directory. So a better way is to distribute a '''dmg''' file. To create a dmg file from an app, simply run the following command:
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
cd /path/to/contain/yourappname.app
/usr/local/Qt-4.8.7/bin/macdeployqt yourappname.app -dmg
</syntaxhighlight>
 
In my case, I got the following warnings but the final dmg looks fine.
<pre>
WARNING: Could not find any external Qt frameworks to deploy in "SeqTools.app"
WARNING: Perhaps macdeployqt was already used on "SeqTools.app" ?
WARNING: If so, you will need to rebuild "SeqTools.app" before trying again.
</pre>
 
== Create an Installer ==
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8680132/creating-nice-dmg-installer-for-mac-os-x Creating nice dmg “installer” for Mac OS X]
 
= Qt on SBC =
== Raspberry Pi ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2vmh0dMzEw Howto compile Qt 5.4 or newer for Raspberry Pi (Step-by-Step tutorial)]
* https://wiki.qt.io/Qt5_on_RaspberryPi (outdated) and https://wiki.qt.io/Native_Build_of_Qt5_on_a_Raspberry_Pi (new)
 
== Beaglebone Black ==
See [[Beaglebone#Native_build_Qt_on_BBB|Native build Qt on BBB]]. For Qt 4.8, it took about 20 hours to ''make''.


== UDOO ==
== UDOO ==
Line 864: Line 1,053:


== ODROID xu4 ==
== ODROID xu4 ==
* It seems it is not necessary to build a static Qt by myself on Odroid (at least Ubuntu 16.04) since Qt 4.8.7 is already available in Ubuntu 16.04 MATE.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
# sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools
$ dpkg -L qt4-dev-tools | grep qmake # nothing
$ sudo apt-get install qtcreator
# Qt Creator needs to be launched by calling
# qtcreator -noload Welcome
$ ls -l /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/qt4/bin/qmake
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2566408 Apr  5 12:20 /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/qt4/bin/qmake
$ ls -l /usr/bin/qmake
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qmake -> qtchooser
$ /usr/bin/qmake -v
QMake version 2.01a
Using Qt version 4.8.7 in /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf
$ qtchooser
Usage:
  qtchooser { -l | -list-versions | -print-env }
  qtchooser -install [-f] [-local] <name> <path-to-qmake>
  qtchooser -run-tool=<tool name> [-qt=<Qt version>] [program arguments]
  <executable name> [-qt=<Qt version>] [program arguments]
Environment variables accepted:
QTCHOOSER_RUNTOOL  name of the tool to be run (same as the -run-tool argument)
QT_SELECT          version of Qt to be run (same as the -qt argument)
</syntaxhighlight>
* It only took 52 minutes to finish 'make -j8' on my Odroid xu4 (8 cores) for Qt 4.8.6. I limited the cpu freq to 1.4GHz.
* It only took 52 minutes to finish 'make -j8' on my Odroid xu4 (8 cores) for Qt 4.8.6. I limited the cpu freq to 1.4GHz.
* http://wiki.odroid.in/index.php/Qt5
* http://wiki.odroid.in/index.php/Qt5
Line 870: Line 1,086:
* http://forum.odroid.com/viewtopic.php?f=77&t=14923
* http://forum.odroid.com/viewtopic.php?f=77&t=14923
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=qt5+odroid&oq=qt5+odroid&aqs=chrome..69i57l2j69i59l2j69i60l2.3480j0j4&client=ubuntu&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#q=qt5+xu4+site:forum.odroid.com qt5 xu4 site:forum.odroid.com]
* [https://www.google.com/search?q=qt5+odroid&oq=qt5+odroid&aqs=chrome..69i57l2j69i59l2j69i60l2.3480j0j4&client=ubuntu&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#q=qt5+xu4+site:forum.odroid.com qt5 xu4 site:forum.odroid.com]
== NVIDIA Jetson ==
[http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/11/10/qt-nvidia-jetson-tx1-device-creation-style/ Qt on the NVIDIA Jetson TX1 – Device Creation Style]


= Qt Creator =
= Qt Creator =
* [http://www.qt.io/download-open-source/#section-4 Download link]
* [http://www.qt.io/download-open-source/#section-4 Download link]
* [http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/index.html Qt Creator Manual]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11434670/installing-multiple-versions-of-qt-library Multiple version of Qt library]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11434670/installing-multiple-versions-of-qt-library Multiple version of Qt library]
* Qt Creator Welcome requires QtQuick. On my ODroid I don't have Qt Quick 2.1 (software repository only has Qt Quick 1)installed so the Welcome tab is blank.
<pre>
$ qtcreator
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help"
file:///usr/share/qtcreator/welcomescreen/welcomescreen.qml:30:1: module "QtQuick" is not installed
    import QtQuick 2.1
    ^
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-command-list"
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-commands"
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-property-list"
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-variable-list"
</pre>
* Keyboard shortcuts:  
* Keyboard shortcuts:  
** Ctrl + Click the symbol - move to the definition or the declaration of a symbol.  
** Ctrl + Click the symbol - move to the definition or the declaration of a symbol.  
Line 883: Line 1,115:
</pre>
</pre>
Google: Qt change warning level.
Google: Qt change warning level.
== Announcement ==
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/07/06/qt-creator-4-1-0-beta-released/ 4.1.0 beta]
* [http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/12/14/qt-creator-4-2-released/ 4.2]


== Source code ==
== Source code ==
Line 902: Line 1,138:
[[File:Qtoptions compiler.png|200px]]
[[File:Qtoptions compiler.png|200px]]
[[File:Qtoptions debugger.png|200px]]
[[File:Qtoptions debugger.png|200px]]
The default build directory is
<pre>
../build-%{CurrentProject:Name}-%{CurrentKit:FileSystemName}-%{CurrentBuild:Name}
</pre>
If we change it to the following, the build directory will be under %HOME/Templates (and it won't be in parallel with the source directory). This is useful if my source directory is in a git directory.
<pre>
%{Env:HOME}/Templates/build-%{CurrentProject:Name}-%{CurrentKit:FileSystemName}-%{CurrentBuild:Name}
</pre>


== Debug Qt program built with the Microsoft Visual Studio compilers ==
== Debug Qt program built with the Microsoft Visual Studio compilers ==
Line 936: Line 1,181:
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
</source>
</source>
Click the 2nd green triangle button (F5) to start debugging. Click F10 to step over and F11 to step in.
=== How to close the debugger window ===
No need to close anything. Just click the 'Edit' icon in the left hand dock to switch out of the 'Debug' mode.


== Plugins ==
== Plugins ==
Line 941: Line 1,191:


* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24848093/how-to-install-plugins-in-qt-creator
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/24848093/how-to-install-plugins-in-qt-creator
== Tips ==
* Ctrl +a, Ctrl + i to re-indent the code
=== OpenGL driver ===
On my Windows tablet (Lenovo lynx), Qt Creator 4.1.0 shows '''Qt Creator crash/stopped working'''. The solution is to [https://forum.qt.io/topic/58160/solved-qtcreator-exe-has-stopped-working/3 disable '''Welcome''' plugin]. Changing the command to '''qtcreator.exe -noload Welcome'''. After Qt Creator is loaded, we can go to Help -> About Plugins... and uncheck the item Welcome under the Qt Creator category.
This trick also works on ARM based SOC like Odroid, Raspberry Pi, Udoo, etc.
=== Could not initialize GLX. Aborted ===
When I try to launch Qt Creator 4.1.0 on ''updated'' Mint 17.2 on T3600 w/ NVIDIA GF108GL (not on Virtual machine), I got the error ''Could not initialize GLX. Aborted''. See
* https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-34109
Similar issue happened when I try to run Blender. It shows X11 glXChooseVisual() failed, verify working openGL system! initial window could not find the GLX extension. See
* https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2165524
* http://askubuntu.com/questions/86465/switch-from-nvidia-to-internal-intel-hd-graphics-opengl-does-not-work
* https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=200242
The Driver Manager shows I am using nvidia-367 (recommended) driver.


= Simple Test =
= Simple Test =
== Non-Gui/Console application ==
The project can be created by Qt Creator -> New File or Project -> Application -> Qt Console Application. See [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/39196-How-to-exit-Qt-console-application  How to exit Qt console application?].
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QtDebug>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    QString x="step 1 step 2 step 3 step 4 babab";
    QStringList strlist;
    strlist = x.split(" ");
    int stepIndex = strlist.lastIndexOf("step",-1);
    int curstep = strlist[++stepIndex].toInt();
    qDebug() << curstep;  // return 4
    // return a.exec(); this line will create an event loop; need ctrl+c to exit.
}
</syntaxhighlight>
== QWidget ==
== QWidget ==
To quickly test whether the Qt was built successfully, we can  
To quickly test whether the Qt was built successfully, we can  
* On the VS command prompt (the test.cpp can be generated from http://www.zetcode.com/gui/qt4/introduction/)
* On the VS command prompt (the test.cpp can be generated from http://www.zetcode.com/gui/qt4/introduction/)


<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">
#include <QApplication>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QWidget>
Line 963: Line 1,252:
     return app.exec();
     return app.exec();
}
}
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>


Go to Windows Command line (The 'nmake' command will be 'make' on Linux OS).
Go to Windows Command line (The 'nmake' command will be 'make' on Linux OS).
Line 983: Line 1,272:
== QPushButton ==
== QPushButton ==
The example is used in http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_for_beginners. Note [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qpushbutton.html QPushButton] inherits from QAbstractButton and [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qabstractbutton.html QAbstractButton] inherits from QWidget.
The example is used in http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_for_beginners. Note [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qpushbutton.html QPushButton] inherits from QAbstractButton and [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qabstractbutton.html QAbstractButton] inherits from QWidget.
<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang="cpp">
#include <QApplication>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QPushButton>
Line 996: Line 1,285:
   return app.exec();
   return app.exec();
}
}
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
[[File:Hello world qt.png|100px]]


==  QWidget + setLayout() ==
==  QWidget + setLayout() ==
Line 1,178: Line 1,468:
|-
|-
| ComboBox
| ComboBox
| currentIndexChanged
| currentIndexChanged or activated
|-
|-
| PushButton
| PushButton
Line 1,188: Line 1,478:
| Action
| Action
| triggered
| triggered
|-
| Process
| finished, started, stateChanged, readyReadStandardOutput, readyReadStandardError
|-
| ListWidget
| itemClicked
|-
| NetworkReply
| finished, readyRead, downloadProgress
|}
|}


Line 1,547: Line 1,846:
You can nest layouts using addLayout() on a layout; the inner layout then becomes a child of the layout it is inserted into.
You can nest layouts using addLayout() on a layout; the inner layout then becomes a child of the layout it is inserted into.


== Memory Management ==
== When a QDialog will be closed? ==
* Chapter 1 of Foundation of Qt Development
accept() or reject() is called.
* http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/41449-Parent-child-relationship-in-Qt
 
== QDialog::exec() ==
[http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qdialog.html#DialogCode-enum QDialog::exec()] will return 1 if accepted and 0 if rejected (e.g. use 'X' to close a QDialog). To check whether users have accepted or rejected a dialog, see [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12470806/qdialog-exec-and-getting-result-value QDialog exec() and getting result value]; ie use '''QDialog::Accepted''' or '''QDialog::Rejected''' to do an integer comparison.


Parent is on heap. So it has to be deleted manually.
In the following example, it will show 'Title 2' qdialog first and then 'Title 1' qwidget second because it is the order the code has been written. Because 'Title 1' was written in QDialog it will be positioned in the center of the screen.
<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include <QtGui>
// main.cpp
#include "addressbook.h"
#include <QApplication>
//...every needed header
#include "mywidget.h"


int main(...) {
int main(int argc, char **argv)
  //QApplication app ....
{
  QWidget *parent = new QWidget; //a parent for your addressbook
  QApplication app (argc, argv);
  AddressBook *myAddressBook = new AddressBook(parent); //pass a pointer to parent widget when you construct an AddressBook object
  //... other code, maybe some layout if necessary...
  parent->show(); //will show the chidren widgets too
 
  int returnValue = app.exec();
  delete parent; //this will delete the parent children too
  return returnValue;
}
</pre>
OR creating parent on the stack
<pre>
int main(...) {
  //QApplication app ....
  QWidget parent; //a parent for your addressbook - parent is created on stack
  AddressBook *myAddressBook = new AddressBook(&parent); //pass a pointer to parent widget when you construct an AddressBook object
  //... other code, maybe some layout if necessary...
  parent.show(); //will show the chidren widgets too


  return app.exec();
  MyWidget widget;
  widget.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() \
              - widget.rect().center());
  widget.resize(200, 200); // not include the title bar
  widget.show();
  return app.exec();
}
}
</pre>


== Bundle a file in app ==
// mywidget.h
Check out [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/resources.html The Qt Resource System]
#ifndef MYWIDGET_H
#define MYWIDGET_H


== Coordinate System ==
#include <QtGui>
http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/coordsys.html
#include "dialog.h"
class MyWidget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
signals:
public slots:
};
#endif // MYWIDGET_H


== Scientific Plot ==
http://www.qcustomplot.com/


== Color ==
// mywidget.cpp
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include "mywidget.h"
w.setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground);
MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent) :
 
    QWidget(parent)
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;");
{
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: cyan;");
    this->setWindowTitle("Title 1");
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: #1abc9c;"); // material design
    QPushButton *button = new QPushButton("Default Button");
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: #1ab7ea;"); // twitter
    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
textEdit->setStyleSheet("background: lightgray");
    layout->addWidget( button);
    setLayout( layout );
    Dialog *dialog=new Dialog;
    if (dialog->exec()) {  // dialog will be shown first
        qDebug() << "return 1";
    } else qDebug() << "return 0";
}
 
// dialog.h
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H
#include <QtGui>
class Dialog : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);
signals:
public slots:
};
#endif // DIALOG_H


# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12292592/qt-stylesheet-for-custom-button-on-mouse-hovered-and-clicked
// dialog.cpp
# Pseudo-States, single colon
#include "dialog.h"
yourBtn->setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:url(:/Resources/pause_nor.png);border:0px;}"
    "QPushButton:hover{background:url(:/Resources/pause_over.png);border:0px}"
    "QPushButton:pressed{background:url(:/Resources/pause_over.png); position: relative;top: 1px; left: 1px;}");


# linear gradient; http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qlineargradient.html
Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent)
QLinearGradient linearGrad(QPointF(0, 100), QPointF(0, rect().height()));
{
linearGrad.setColorAt(0, QColor(26,188,156));
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton = new QPushButton("Colored Background");
linearGrad.setColorAt(1, QColor(178,223,219));
    colorbackbutton->setStyleSheet("background-color:black; color:white");
painter.setBrush(QBrush(linearGrad));
    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
    layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton );
    setLayout( layout );
    this->setWindowTitle("Title 2");
    this->resize(200, 200);
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


And an example:
== Customize QComboBox ==
Use setView() and setModel()
 
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/model-view-programming.html Model/View programming]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/33012292/grouped-qcombobox Grouped QComboBox]
* [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/24772-Is-it-possible-to-add-a-widget-into-QComboBox Add 'clear history search']


[[File:Qcolorpush.png|200px]]
== Qlistview vs QCombobox ==
* [http://www.codeprogress.com/cpp/libraries/qt/qtClasses.php?item=QListView QListview example] A vertical scrollbar will appear on the RHS if the height is too narrow.
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// main.cpp
// main.cpp
#include "mywidget.h"
#include"myListView.h"


int main(int argc, char **argv)
int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
{
  QApplication app (argc, argv);
    QApplication app(argc,argv);
   
    myListView* view = new myListView();


  MyWidget widget;
    return app.exec();
  widget.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() \
              - widget.rect().center());
  widget.resize(200, 200); // not include the title bar
  widget.show();
 
  return app.exec();
}
}


// mywidget.cpp
// myListView.h
#include "mywidget.h"
#include <QtGui>
class myListView:public QListView
{
  Q_OBJECT
public:
  myListView():QListView()
  {
    QStringListModel* model = new QStringListModel();       
    model->setStringList(QString("Item 1;Item 2;Item 3;Item 4").split(";"));
   
    setModel(model);
    setWindowTitle("QListView Detect Click");
    show(); 
   
    connect(this,SIGNAL(clicked(const QModelIndex)),this,SLOT(ItemClicked(QModelIndex)));   
  }
  ~myListView() {}
 
private slots:
  void ItemClicked (QModelIndex index )
  {
      QMessageBox::information(this,"Hello!","You Clicked: \n"+index.data().toString());   
  }
 
};
</syntaxhighlight>
[[File:Qlistview.png|200px]]


MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent) :
* [http://www.codeprogress.com/cpp/libraries/qt/qtClasses.php?item=QComboBox QCombobox example]
    QWidget(parent)
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// main.cpp
#include <QtGui>
#include "myComboBox.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
{
     QPushButton *button = new QPushButton("Default Button");
     QApplication app(argc, argv);
     QPushButton *disableButton = new QPushButton("Disabled Button");
     QMainWindow *window = new QMainWindow();
     disableButton->setEnabled(false);
 
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton = new QPushButton("Colored Background");
     window->setWindowTitle(QString::fromUtf8("QComboBox currentIndexChanged"));
     colorbackbutton->setStyleSheet("background-color:black; color:white");
     window->resize(330, 220);
     QPushButton *colorbackbutton2 = new QPushButton("Colored Background 2");
 
     QColor bkcolor = QWidget::palette().color(QWidget::backgroundRole());
     QWidget *centralWidget = new QWidget(window);
     qDebug() << bkcolor;
     QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout();
     colorbackbutton2->setStyleSheet("color:#9E9E9E; "
    centralWidget->setLayout(layout);
        "background-color:QColor(ARGB 1, 0.878431, 0.878431, 0.878431)");
 
     QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
     MyComboBox* comboBox = new MyComboBox(centralWidget);
     layout->addWidget( button);
     comboBox->addItem("Item 1");
     layout->addWidget( disableButton);
    comboBox->addItem("Item 2");
     layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton );
     comboBox->addItem("Item 3");
     layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton2 );
     comboBox->addItem("Item 4");
     setLayout( layout );
     layout->addWidget(comboBox);
     window->setCentralWidget(centralWidget);
     window->show();
     return app.exec();
}
}


// mywidget.h
// myComboBox.h
#ifndef MYWIDGET_H
#ifndef MYCOMBOBOX_H
#define MYWIDGET_H
#define MYCOMBOBOX_H
 
#include <QtGui>
#include <QtGui>


class MyWidget : public QWidget
//Derived Class from QComboBox
class MyComboBox: public QComboBox
{
{
    Q_OBJECT
  Q_OBJECT
public:
  public:
     explicit MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
     MyComboBox(QWidget* parent):QComboBox(parent)
    {
      this->setParent(parent);
      connect(this , SIGNAL(currentIndexChanged(int)),this,SLOT(handleSelectionChanged(int)));
    }
    ~ MyComboBox(){}


signals:
  public slots:
 
    //Slot that is called when QComboBox selection is changed
public slots:
    void handleSelectionChanged(int index)
    {
        QMessageBox* msg = new QMessageBox();
        msg->setWindowTitle("Hello !");
        msg->setText("Selected Index is :"+QString::number(index));
        msg->show();
    }


};
};
 
#endif // MYCOMBOBOX_H
#endif // MYWIDGET_H
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
Ref:
[[File:Combobox.png|200px]]
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/stylesheet-syntax.html
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qcolor.html
* Qt Creator -> Welcome -> type 'style' to search. The style & stylesheet (read from files) can be changed in real time. See also [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1675992/how-do-i-set-a-background-color-for-the-whole-window-of-a-qt-application stylesheet in a file]
* http://www.materialui.co/flatuicolors
* https://openclassrooms.com/forum/sujet/qt-setstylesheet-et-qcolor-68966
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/stylesheet-examples.html
* http://www.materialui.co/socialcolors


== [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qsettings.html#sync QSettings] ==
== [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qscrollarea.html QScrollArea] ==
Note: the documentation said <span style="color: red">
The QScrollArea class provides a scrolling view onto another widget.
''For efficiency, the changes may not be saved to permanent storage immediately. (You can always call sync() to commit your changes.)''
</span>
So don't try to copy the file to another location immediately since the copied file may be coming from the old setting file. If we don't use '''QSettings::sync()''' function, we can put the command of copying the QSetting file outside the original function that saved a new QSetting file.  


If QSettings object does not specify a file, the default location is defined [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4031838/qsettings-where-is-the-location-of-the-ini-file here].
== Memory Management ==
* Chapter 1 of Foundation of Qt Development
* http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/41449-Parent-child-relationship-in-Qt


In Linux system, the directory "~/.config" stores configuration parameters for applications. See also [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1024114/location-of-ini-config-files-in-linux-unix this] and [http://how-to.wikia.com/wiki/Guide_to_linux_configuration_files this].
Parent is on heap. So it has to be deleted manually.
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include <QtGui>
#include "addressbook.h"
//...every needed header


For example in my main.cpp,
int main(...) {
<pre>
  //QApplication app ....
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
  QWidget *parent = new QWidget; //a parent for your addressbook
    app.setOrganizationName("Trolltech");
  AddressBook *myAddressBook = new AddressBook(parent); //pass a pointer to parent widget when you construct an AddressBook object
    app.setApplicationName("Recent Files Example");
  //... other code, maybe some layout if necessary...
</pre>
  parent->show(); //will show the chidren widgets too
then the ini file is saved in "/home/brb/.config/Trolltech/Recent Files Example.conf" as indicated by
 
<pre>
  int returnValue = app.exec();
    QSettings settings;
  delete parent; //this will delete the parent children too
    qDebug() << settings.fileName();
  return returnValue;
</pre>
}
To set or retrieve a key from the setting, use
</syntaxhighlight>
<pre>
OR creating parent on the stack
settings.setValue("bowtie", inputBowtie);
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
settings.setValue("recentFiles", recentFiles);
int main(...) {
  //QApplication app ....
  QWidget parent; //a parent for your addressbook - parent is created on stack
  AddressBook *myAddressBook = new AddressBook(&parent); //pass a pointer to parent widget when you construct an AddressBook object
  //... other code, maybe some layout if necessary...
  parent.show(); //will show the chidren widgets too
 
  return app.exec();
}
</syntaxhighlight>


inputBowtie = settings.value("bowtie", "").toString();
== Bundle a file in app ==
recentFiles = settings.value("recentFiles").toStringList();
Check out [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/resources.html The Qt Resource System]
</pre>


There are different locations we can use to save the parameter file.
== Coordinate System ==
* The following way will create an entry <testSettings> under <Computer\HKey_CURRENT_USER\Software\ArrayTools> on Windows registry on Windows OS (NativeFormat will be used).
http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/coordsys.html
 
== Scientific Plot ==
* [http://www.qcustomplot.com/ QCustomPlot]
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtcharts-index.html Qt Charts (available in Qt 5.7)], [[#Qt_Charts|Internal link]]
* [http://qwt.sourceforge.net/ Qwt]
 
=== Histograms ===
It seems there are no histograms available in QCustomPlot or Qt Charts. The example at [https://forum.qt.io/topic/10638/simple-histogram-widget/12 this post] is not quite the one we usually see.
 
[http://qwt.sourceforge.net/barchartscreenshots.html Qwt]'s histograms look good.
 
== StyleSheet ==
=== Margin, border, padding ===
[http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/stylesheet-customizing.html Customizing Qt Widgets Using Style Sheets]
<pre>
<pre>
    QSettings settings("ArrayTools", "testSettings");
  +---------------------
</pre>
  | Margin
* The following way will create a folder name <ArrayTools> and a file <Heatmap.ini> in %AppData% folder (C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming) on Windows OS.
  |  +------------------
<pre>
  |  |  Border
QSettings settings(QSettings::IniFormat, QSettings::UserScope, "ArrayTools", "Heatmap"); // %APPDATA%
  |  |  +---------------
</pre>
  |  |  |  Padding
* The following way will create a file <test.ini> under a desired folder on Windows OS. Note that if we omit the QSettings::IniFormat option, the parameter file will not be working (read/write).
  |  |  |  +------------
<pre>
  |  |  |  |  Content
QSettings settings(QString("C:/Qt/examples/BRCA/test.ini"), QSettings::IniFormat);
</pre>
* The following way will create a file <.BDGE.ini> under %HOME% directory on Linux OS.
<pre>
QString m_sSettingsFile = "/home/" + QString(getenv("USER")) + "/.BDGE.ini";
QSettings settings(m_sSettingsFile, QSettings::NativeFormat);
</pre>
</pre>


== .pri file, subprojects ==
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1967646/using-pri-files-in-qt
  QPushButton *toyButton = new QPushButton(tr("&Toy"));
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/61405/how-do-i-make-a-subproject-with-qt
  QPushButton *nullButton = new QPushButton(tr("Default button"));
* http://qt-project.org/doc/qtcreator-2.6/creator-project-creating.html
  QPalette pal = toyButton->palette();
  pal.setColor(QPalette::Button, QColor(59,89,152));
  pal.setColor(QPalette::ButtonText,Qt::white);
  toyButton->setAutoFillBackground(true);
  toyButton->setPalette(pal);
  toyButton->setFlat(true);
  toyButton->setMinimumHeight(20);
  toyButton->update();
 
  QPushButton *runButton = new QPushButton(tr("&Automatic setup"));
  runButton->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF");
 
  QPushButton *runButton2 = new QPushButton(tr("Zero border"));
  runButton2->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border-width: 0px");


== Javascript ==
  QPushButton *runButton3 = new QPushButton(tr("No border, Large margin"));
* [https://qmlbook.github.io/en/ch14/index.html Chapter 14] of QML book. The example contains 3 source files (*.qmlproject, *.js and *.qml) where
  runButton3->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border:none; margin:20px");
<syntaxhighlight lang='javascript'>
// javascript
.pragma library


var scope = {
  QPushButton *runButton4 = new QPushButton(tr("Medium border, no margin"));
}
  runButton4->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border-width:10px; margin:0px");
 
  QPushButton *runButton5 = new QPushButton(tr("No border, no margin, small padding"));
  runButton5->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border:none; margin:0px; padding:5px");


function call(msg) {
    var exp = msg.toString();
    console.log(exp)
    var data = {
        expression : msg
    }
    try {
        var fun = new Function('return (' + exp + ');');
        data.result = JSON.stringify(fun.call(scope), null, 2)
        console.log('scope: ' + JSON.stringify(scope, null, 2) + 'result: ' + result)
    } catch(e) {
        console.log(e.toString())
        data.error = e.toString();
    }
    return data;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
and
[[File:Marginborderpad.png|800px]]
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
 
import QtQuick 2.2
From the experiment, it shows
import QtQuick.Controls 1.1
* Margin (see button #3) is defined outside the pushbutton (distance to the  neighbor objects). So its color is the same as the background color
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
* Border (see button #4) is used to show object's 3D effect. Its top-left color = white and bottom-right color = black. Other than these 4 edges, it has the same color as the pushbutton's background.
import QtQuick.Window 2.0
* Padding (see button #5) defines the distance between the text and border.  
import "jsconsole.js" as Util
* Effect of increasing border width is similar to that of increasing padding (though padding does not include 4 edges for the 3D effect). See button #4 and #5.
* Zero border width (see button #2)  is not the same as no border (see button #3)
 
Actually, Qt 4 has a bug that using a stylesheet with a background color will cause the pushbutton about 2 times tall (too large border or padding?) on Mac OS. The screenshot above is based on Qt5 which has fixed the bug.


ApplicationWindow {
=== Color and stylesheet ===
    id: root
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
    title: qsTr("JSConsole")
w.setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground);
    width: 640
    height: 480


    Menu {
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;");
        title: qsTr("File")
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: cyan;");
        MenuItem {
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: #1abc9c;");  // material design
            text: qsTr("Exit")
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: #1ab7ea;");  // twitter
            onTriggered: Qt.quit();
textEdit->setStyleSheet("background: lightgray");
        }
 
     }
# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12292592/qt-stylesheet-for-custom-button-on-mouse-hovered-and-clicked
     ColumnLayout {
# Pseudo-States, single colon
    ...
yourBtn->setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:url(:/Resources/pause_nor.png);border:0px;}"
    }
     "QPushButton:hover{background:url(:/Resources/pause_over.png);border:0px}"
    function jsCall(exp) {
     "QPushButton:pressed{background:url(:/Resources/pause_over.png); position: relative;top: 1px; left: 1px;}");
        var data = Util.call(exp);
 
        outputModel.insert(0, data)
# linear gradient; http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qlineargradient.html
    }
QLinearGradient linearGrad(QPointF(0, 100), QPointF(0, rect().height()));
}
linearGrad.setColorAt(0, QColor(26,188,156));
linearGrad.setColorAt(1, QColor(178,223,219));
painter.setBrush(QBrush(linearGrad));
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== Misc ==
And an example:
* If we want to create a new class member to be used in class method, we should declare it in the header file. For example, look at the variable 'label' below. Of course, variables only used locally have not this rule.
 
[[File:Qcolorpush.png|200px]]
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
class MyButton : public QWidget
// main.cpp
{
#include "mywidget.h"
  Q_OBJECT
public:
    MyButton(QWidget *parent = 0);
    QLabel *label;
private slots:
    void showText();
};


MyButton::MyButton(QWidget *parent)
int main(int argc, char **argv)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
{
   label = new QLabel(); // NOT QLabel *label = new QLabel();
   QApplication app (argc, argv);
 
  MyWidget widget;
  widget.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() \
              - widget.rect().center());
  widget.resize(200, 200); // not include the title bar
  widget.show();
 
  return app.exec();
}
}


void MyButton::showText()
// mywidget.cpp
#include "mywidget.h"
 
MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent)
{
{
  label->setText("My Text!");
    QPushButton *button = new QPushButton("Default Button");
}
    QPushButton *disableButton = new QPushButton("Disabled Button");
</syntaxhighlight>
    disableButton->setEnabled(false);
 
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton = new QPushButton("Colored Background");
* Frame (seems to be the same as 'Dock' in Qt's language)
    colorbackbutton->setStyleSheet("background-color:black; color:white");
* Dock window/Dock Widget http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/mainwindows-dockwidgets.html
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton2 = new QPushButton("Colored Background 2");
* 'namespace Ui' in xxxx.h helps to glue classes together.
    QColor bkcolor = QWidget::palette().color(QWidget::backgroundRole());
* [http://www.trinitydesktop.org/docs/qt4/widget-classes.html Qt widget] - Basic widgets, Advanced widgets, Organizer widgets and Abstract widigets.
    qDebug() << bkcolor;
* Qt class hierarchy  diagram http://doc.qt.digia.com/extras/qt43-class-chart.pdf
    colorbackbutton2->setStyleSheet("color:#9E9E9E; "
* size().width() can get the width of a widget. See http://www.zetcode.com/gui/qt4/customwidget/
        "background-color:QColor(ARGB 1, 0.878431, 0.878431, 0.878431)");
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/eventsandfilters.html Qt Event System] and [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/events.html Event Classes].
    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qwidget.html#mouseMoveEvent mouseMoveEvent] and [https://github.com/arraytools/Qt/blob/master/example/my_qlabel_mouseEvent/my_qlabel.cpp an example]. Once we reimplement mouseMoveEvent(), it will be ''automatically'' used.
    layout->addWidget( button);
* Click on a widget and click '''promote to'''. Then type a class name.
    layout->addWidget( disableButton);
* Suppose we create a member function in some class. We can declare it in the header file automatically and move focus to the header to finish it: Click on a member function and click '''Refactor''' -> Add Definition in xxxx.h
    layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton );
* On the other hand, we can declare a slot of member function in the header file and then '''Refactor''' to have it added to xxx.cpp file.
    layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton2 );
* ui->setupUi(this); or ui.setupUi(this) . See [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5692991/qt-setupui here].
    setLayout( layout );
* [http://harmattan-dev.nokia.com/docs/library/html/qt4/mainwindows-menus.html Right click context menu]
}
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4025293/draw-with-qpainter Can I use Qpainter outside paintEvent] or [http://www.qtforum.org/article/24737/painting-outside-paintevent.html here]
* [http://qt-project.org/wiki/How_to_Change_the_Background_Color_of_QWidget Add background to QWidget]


= Qt Quick =
// mywidget.h
* http://qt.digia.com/Product/User-Interface-Creation-with-Qt/Qt-Quick/
#ifndef MYWIDGET_H
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-index.html Qt quick 2
#define MYWIDGET_H
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qml-tutorial1.html Tutorial
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-codesamples.html Demos


== QML ==
#include <QtGui>
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QML


To load/test a qml file, use '''qmlscene''' command.
class MyWidget : public QWidget
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
{
$ ~/Qt55/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene ~/Qt55/Examples/Qt-5.5/quick/demos/clocks/clocks.qml
    Q_OBJECT
</syntaxhighlight>
public:
    explicit MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);


=== Simple tests ===
signals:
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qmlfirststeps.html


1. A simple Rectangle object
public slots:
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.3


Rectangle {
};
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"


    Text {
#endif // MYWIDGET_H
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello, World!"
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Then run
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ ~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene simple.qml
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
Ref:
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/stylesheet-syntax.html
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qcolor.html
* Qt Creator -> Welcome -> type 'style' to search. The style & stylesheet (read from files) can be changed in real time. See also [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1675992/how-do-i-set-a-background-color-for-the-whole-window-of-a-qt-application stylesheet in a file]
* http://www.materialui.co/flatuicolors
* https://openclassrooms.com/forum/sujet/qt-setstylesheet-et-qcolor-68966
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/stylesheet-examples.html
* http://www.materialui.co/socialcolors
* All child objects of your text edit inherit the stylesheet. For example if we change the color of a TextEdit then its scrollbar (TextEdit's child) will have a new color instead of the default color. To change the color of the TextEdit ONLY, see [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9554435/qtextedit-background-color-change-also-the-color-of-scrollbar this post].


2. A second test is to create a QML application (with menu bar, status bar, etc) with '''Qt Quick Control'''
== [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qsettings.html#sync QSettings] ==
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
Note: the documentation said <span style="color: red">
//import related modules
''For efficiency, the changes may not be saved to permanent storage immediately. (You can always call sync() to commit your changes.)''
import QtQuick 2.3
</span>
import QtQuick.Controls 1.2
So don't try to copy the file to another location immediately since the copied file may be coming from the old setting file. If we don't use '''QSettings::sync()''' function, we can put the command of copying the QSetting file outside the original function that saved a new QSetting file.  
import QtQuick.Window 2.2


//window containing the application
If QSettings object does not specify a file, the default location is defined [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4031838/qsettings-where-is-the-location-of-the-ini-file here].
ApplicationWindow {


    //title of the application
In Linux system, the directory "~/.config" stores configuration parameters for applications. See also [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1024114/location-of-ini-config-files-in-linux-unix this] and [http://how-to.wikia.com/wiki/Guide_to_linux_configuration_files this].
    title: qsTr("Hello World")
    width: 640
    height: 480


     //menu containing two menu items
For example in my main.cpp,
     menuBar: MenuBar {
<pre>
        Menu {
     QApplication app(argc, argv);
            title: qsTr("File")
     app.setOrganizationName("Trolltech");
            MenuItem {
    app.setApplicationName("Recent Files Example");
                text: qsTr("&Open")
</pre>
                onTriggered: console.log("Open action triggered");
then the ini file is saved in "/home/brb/.config/Trolltech/Recent Files Example.conf" as indicated by
            }
<pre>
            MenuItem {
    QSettings settings;
                text: qsTr("Exit")
    qDebug() << settings.fileName();
                onTriggered: Qt.quit();
</pre>
            }
To set or retrieve a key from the setting, use
        }
<pre>
    }
settings.setValue("bowtie", inputBowtie);
settings.setValue("recentFiles", recentFiles);


    //Content Area
inputBowtie = settings.value("bowtie", "").toString();
recentFiles = settings.value("recentFiles").toStringList();
</pre>


    //a button in the middle of the content area
There are different locations we can use to save the parameter file.
     Button {
* The following way will create an entry <testSettings> under <Computer\HKey_CURRENT_USER\Software\ArrayTools> on Windows registry on Windows OS (NativeFormat will be used).
        text: qsTr("Hello World")
<pre>
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
     QSettings settings("ArrayTools", "testSettings");
        anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
</pre>
    }
* The following way will create a folder name <ArrayTools> and a file <Heatmap.ini> in %AppData% folder (C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming) on Windows OS.
}
<pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
QSettings settings(QSettings::IniFormat, QSettings::UserScope, "ArrayTools", "Heatmap"); // %APPDATA%
Then run
</pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
* The following way will create a file <test.ini> under a desired folder on Windows OS. Note that if we omit the QSettings::IniFormat option, the parameter file will not be working (read/write).
$ ~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene simplewindow.qml
<pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
QSettings settings(QString("C:/Qt/examples/BRCA/test.ini"), QSettings::IniFormat);
</pre>
* The following way will create a file <.BDGE.ini> under %HOME% directory on Linux OS.
<pre>
QString m_sSettingsFile = "/home/" + QString(getenv("USER")) + "/.BDGE.ini";
QSettings settings(m_sSettingsFile, QSettings::NativeFormat);
</pre>


3. Handling user input (mouse or keyboard)
== .pri file, subprojects ==
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1967646/using-pri-files-in-qt
import QtQuick 2.3
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/61405/how-do-i-make-a-subproject-with-qt
// mouse input
* http://qt-project.org/doc/qtcreator-2.6/creator-project-creating.html
Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"


    Text {
== Javascript ==
        anchors.centerIn: parent
* [https://qmlbook.github.io/en/ch14/index.html Chapter 14] of QML book. The example contains 3 source files (*.qmlproject, *.js and *.qml) where
        text: "Hello, World!"
<syntaxhighlight lang='javascript'>
    }
// javascript
.pragma library


     MouseArea {
var scope = {
         anchors.fill: parent
}
         onClicked: parent.color = "blue"
 
function call(msg) {
    var exp = msg.toString();
    console.log(exp)
     var data = {
         expression : msg
    }
    try {
        var fun = new Function('return (' + exp + ');');
        data.result = JSON.stringify(fun.call(scope), null, 2)
        console.log('scope: ' + JSON.stringify(scope, null, 2) + 'result: ' + result)
    } catch(e) {
        console.log(e.toString())
         data.error = e.toString();
     }
     }
    return data;
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
and
and
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.3
import QtQuick 2.2
// keyboard input
import QtQuick.Controls 1.1
Rectangle {
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
    width: 200
import QtQuick.Window 2.0
    height: 100
import "jsconsole.js" as Util
    color: "red"


    Text {
ApplicationWindow {
        anchors.centerIn: parent
    id: root
        text: "Hello, World!"
    title: qsTr("JSConsole")
     }
     width: 640
    height: 480


     focus: true
     Menu {
    Keys.onPressed: {
         title: qsTr("File")
         if (event.key == Qt.Key_Return) {
        MenuItem {
             color = "blue";
             text: qsTr("Exit")
             event.accepted = true;
             onTriggered: Qt.quit();
         }
         }
    }
    ColumnLayout {
    ...
    }
    function jsCall(exp) {
        var data = Util.call(exp);
        outputModel.insert(0, data)
     }
     }
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


4. Create customized QML types for re-use
== Misc ==
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
* If we want to create a new class member to be used in class method, we should declare it in the header file. For example, look at the variable 'label' below. Of course, variables only used locally have not this rule.
// Button.qml
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
import QtQuick 2.3
class MyButton : public QWidget
{
  Q_OBJECT
public:
    MyButton(QWidget *parent = 0);
    QLabel *label;
private slots:
    void showText();
};


Rectangle {
MyButton::MyButton(QWidget *parent)
    width: 100; height: 100
     : QWidget(parent)
     color: "red"
{
 
  label = new QLabel(); // NOT QLabel *label = new QLabel();
    MouseArea {
        anchors.fill: parent
        onClicked: console.log("Button clicked!")
    }
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
and
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
// application.qml
import QtQuick 2.3


Column {
void MyButton::showText()
    Button { width: 50; height: 50 }
{
    Button { x: 50; width: 100; height: 50; color: "blue" }
  label->setText("My Text!");
    Button { width: 50; height: 50; radius: 8 }
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Then run the code
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene application.qml
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


=== .qmlproject file and Qt Creator ===
* Frame (seems to be the same as 'Dock' in Qt's language)
* http://bckmnn.com/opening-qmlproject-files-in-qtcreator/
* Dock window/Dock Widget http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/mainwindows-dockwidgets.html
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/27525/what-is-qmlproject-file/3
* 'namespace Ui' in xxxx.h helps to glue classes together.
 
* [http://www.trinitydesktop.org/docs/qt4/widget-classes.html Qt widget] - Basic widgets, Advanced widgets, Organizer widgets and Abstract widigets.
=== Ubuntu apps ===
* Qt class hierarchy  diagram http://doc.qt.digia.com/extras/qt43-class-chart.pdf
* https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/apps/qml/tutorials/building-your-first-qml-app/
* size().width() can get the width of a widget. See http://www.zetcode.com/gui/qt4/customwidget/
* https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/apps/
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/eventsandfilters.html Qt Event System] and [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/events.html Event Classes].
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qwidget.html#mouseMoveEvent mouseMoveEvent] and [https://github.com/arraytools/Qt/blob/master/example/my_qlabel_mouseEvent/my_qlabel.cpp an example]. Once we reimplement mouseMoveEvent(), it will be ''automatically'' used.
* Click on a widget and click '''promote to'''. Then type a class name.
* Suppose we create a member function in some class. We can declare it in the header file automatically and move focus to the header to finish it: Click on a member function and click '''Refactor''' -> Add Definition in xxxx.h
* On the other hand, we can declare a slot of member function in the header file and then '''Refactor''' to have it added to xxx.cpp file.
* ui->setupUi(this); or ui.setupUi(this) . See [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5692991/qt-setupui here].
* [http://harmattan-dev.nokia.com/docs/library/html/qt4/mainwindows-menus.html Right click context menu]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4025293/draw-with-qpainter Can I use Qpainter outside paintEvent] or [http://www.qtforum.org/article/24737/painting-outside-paintevent.html here]
* [http://qt-project.org/wiki/How_to_Change_the_Background_Color_of_QWidget Add background to QWidget]
 
= Qt Quick =
* http://qt.digia.com/Product/User-Interface-Creation-with-Qt/Qt-Quick/
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-index.html Qt quick 2
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qml-tutorial1.html Tutorial
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-codesamples.html Demos
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6-bAEhQbkzizzByY-gZmMf7B7xMlpwiM Youtube tutorial] from Joseph Mills
* [https://youtu.be/iBDiDyU_FgQ?list=PL2D1942A4688E9D63 Youtube tutorial] by VoidRealms
 
== QML ==
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QML


== QML elements ==
To load/test a qml file, use '''qmlscene''' command.
These are the functionally grouped lists of QML elements as part of Qt Quick.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ ~/Qt55/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene ~/Qt55/Examples/Qt-5.5/quick/demos/clocks/clocks.qml
</syntaxhighlight>


http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qdeclarativeelements.html (QtQuick 1.0)
=== Simple tests ===
* Basic QML elements: Item, Component, QObject
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qmlfirststeps.html
* Graphics: Rectangle, Image, ...
* Text Handling: Text, TextInput, TextEdit, ...
* Mouse and Interaction Area: MouseArea, Keys, PinchArea, ...
* Positioners and Repeater: Column, Row, Grid, Flow, Repeater
* Transformations: Scale, Rotation, Translate
* States: State, AnchorChange, ...
* Animation and Transitions: Transition, SequentialAnimation, ParallelAnimation, PauseAnimation, SmoothedAnimation ,...
* Models and Data Handling:
* Views:
* Path Definition:
* Utility:
* Graphical Effects:


http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-index.html QtQuick2 (Qt 5.0)
1. A simple Rectangle object
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.3


== QML Applications ==
Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"


== Qt Quick Examples and Tutorials ==
    Text {
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-codesamples.html
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello, World!"
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Then run
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ ~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene simple.qml
</syntaxhighlight>


== QmlBook - A book about Qt 5 ==
2. A second test is to create a QML application (with menu bar, status bar, etc) with '''Qt Quick Control'''
* http://qmlbook.github.io/
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
* https://github.com/qmlbook/qmlbook
//import related modules
import QtQuick 2.3
import QtQuick.Controls 1.2
import QtQuick.Window 2.2


== Qt Quick Controls 1 ==
//window containing the application
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquickcontrols-overview.html Overview]. Qt Quick Controls module starts in Qt 5.1.
ApplicationWindow {
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquickcontrols-index.html
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJKVb7WpQ_c Qt Quick Controls & Qt Quick Designer] demo


== Qt Quick Controls 2 ==
    //title of the application
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/10/qt-quick-controls-2-0-a-new-beginning/
    title: qsTr("Hello World")
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/06/more-of-qt-quick-designer-and-qt-quick-controls-2/
    width: 640
    height: 480


= Special Modules =
    //menu containing two menu items
http://doc.qt.io/
    menuBar: MenuBar {
        Menu {
            title: qsTr("File")
            MenuItem {
                text: qsTr("&Open")
                onTriggered: console.log("Open action triggered");
            }
            MenuItem {
                text: qsTr("Exit")
                onTriggered: Qt.quit();
            }
        }
    }


== [http://doc.qt.io/QtCharts/index.html Qt Charts] ==
    //Content Area
When plots are launched or resized, there is an animation. It also supports themes (see the 'charthemes' example) Very cool!


1. Install requirements (this step may be optional because we are using the binary Qt) according to
    //a button in the middle of the content area
    Button {
        text: qsTr("Hello World")
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
        anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Then run
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
sudo apt-get update
$ ~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene simplewindow.qml
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


2. Download the binary Qt 5.6.0 beta from http://download.qt.io/development_releases/qt/5.6/5.6.0-beta/
3. Handling user input (mouse or keyboard)
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.3
// mouse input
Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"


3. Download qtcharts by using the '''git''' command from https://codereview.qt-project.org/#/admin/projects/qt/qtcharts
    Text {
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
        anchors.centerIn: parent
git clone https://codereview.qt-project.org/qt/qtcharts
        text: "Hello, World!"
</syntaxhighlight>
    }


4. Run
    MouseArea {
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
        anchors.fill: parent
# Install Qt 5.6 and Qt Creator
        onClicked: parent.color = "blue"
chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.6.0-beta.run
    }
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.6.0-beta.run  # by default Qt will be installed to ~/Qt5.6.0
}
 
# Install qtcharts
cd ~/qtcharts
~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/bin/qmake
make
 
# Build one qtcharts example: barchart. The source code is one cpp and one pro.
cd ~/qtcharts/examples/charts/barchart
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/lib
~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/bin/qmake
make
 
# Run the example
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:~/qtcharts/lib
./barchart
# You will see a dynamic bar chart on the Ubuntu desktop
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
and
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.3
// keyboard input
Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"


Some help from
    Text {
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/48485/qt-5-4-linux-deployment-app-could-not-find-or-load-the-qt-platform-plugin-xcb-ldd-is-happy
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello, World!"
    }


Full list of examples is
    focus: true
<pre>
    Keys.onPressed: {
vagrant@vagrant:~$ ls qtcharts/examples/charts/
        if (event.key == Qt.Key_Return) {
areachart                  horizontalstackedbarchart  qmlchart
            color = "blue";
audio                      legend                    qmlcustomizations
            event.accepted = true;
barchart                  legendmarkers              qmlcustomlegend
        }
barmodelmapper            lineandbar                qmlf1legends
    }
boxplotchart              linechart                  qmloscilloscope
}
callout                    logvalueaxis              qmlpiechart
chartinteractions          modeldata                  qmlpolarchart
charts.pro                multiaxis                  qmlweather
chartthemes                nesteddonuts              scatterchart
customchart                openglseries              scatterinteractions
datetimeaxis              percentbarchart            splinechart
donutbreakdown            piechart                  stackedbarchart
donutchart                piechartcustomization      stackedbarchartdrilldown
dynamicspline              piechartdrilldown          temperaturerecords
examples.pri              polarchart                zoomlinechart
horizontalbarchart        qmlaxes
horizontalpercentbarchart  qmlboxplot
</pre>
 
== [http://doc.qt.io/QtDataVisualization/index.html Qt Data Visualization] ==
Get the source code from https://codereview.qt-project.org/#/admin/projects/
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
git clone https://codereview.qt-project.org/p/qt/qtdatavis3d.git
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


The examples include
4. Create customized QML types for re-use
<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
vagrant@vagrant:~/qtdatavis3d/examples/datavisualization$ ls
// Button.qml
audiolevels  datavisualization.pro  qmlaxisformatter  qmloscilloscope  rotations
import QtQuick 2.3
bars        draggableaxes          qmlbars          qmlscatter        scatter
custominput  examples.pri          qmlcustominput    qmlspectrogram    surface
customitems  itemmodel              qmllegend        qmlsurface        texturesurface
customproxy  qmlaxisdrag            qmlmultigraph    qmlsurfacelayers  volumetric
</pre>


= Create source code documentation using [http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/ Doxygen] =
Rectangle {
Create documentation for your Qt projects, classes, and functions.
    width: 100; height: 100
    color: "red"


* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPN1y_vstjY
    MouseArea {
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeJ9nrPsfmo
        anchors.fill: parent
* source code is on [https://github.com/doxygen/doxygen github]
        onClicked: console.log("Button clicked!")
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>
and
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
// application.qml
import QtQuick 2.3


<pre>
Column {
sudo apt-get install doxygen doxygen-gui
    Button { width: 50; height: 50 }
</pre>
    Button { x: 50; width: 100; height: 50; color: "blue" }
 
    Button { width: 50; height: 50; radius: 8 }
Then run  
}
<pre>
</syntaxhighlight>
doxywizard
Then run the code
</pre> from a terminal. The rest should be trivial: enter project directory (nothing will be generated here actually), source code directory and output directory. Click Next. Click 'Run' tab to create HTML file. Click 'x' to quit and choose the default name 'Doxyfile' for the doxy file (> 900 lines). We can click 'Open HTML output' button to see the output or go to the output folder and select html/index.html or html/annotated.html file to view the result.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene application.qml
</syntaxhighlight>


Note that the input and output (absolute path) values will be written to 'Doxyfile'.  
=== .qmlproject file and Qt Creator ===
* http://bckmnn.com/opening-qmlproject-files-in-qtcreator/
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/27525/what-is-qmlproject-file/3


If the source code was changed, we just need to run the following command to update files in the doxy output folder.
=== Ubuntu apps ===
<pre>
* https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/apps/qml/tutorials/building-your-first-qml-app/
doxygen
* https://developer.ubuntu.com/en/apps/
</pre>


We can also create Doxyfile from scratch by running
== QML elements ==
<pre>
These are the functionally grouped lists of QML elements as part of Qt Quick.
doxygen -g
</pre>
and then generate (default) output files by running
<pre>
doxygen Doxyfile  # Or just doxygen
</pre>


A better practice is to create a project folder and then create subfolders like
http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qdeclarativeelements.html  (QtQuick 1.0)
<pre>
* Basic QML elements: Item, Component, QObject
MyProject/
* Graphics: Rectangle, Image, ...
        |--doc/
* Text Handling: Text, TextInput, TextEdit, ...
        |-->Doxyfile
* Mouse and Interaction Area: MouseArea, Keys, PinchArea, ...
        |--src/     
* Positioners and Repeater: Column, Row, Grid, Flow, Repeater
</pre>
* Transformations: Scale, Rotation, Translate
* States: State, AnchorChange, ...
* Animation and Transitions: Transition, SequentialAnimation, ParallelAnimation, PauseAnimation, SmoothedAnimation ,...
* Models and Data Handling:
* Views:
* Path Definition:
* Utility:
* Graphical Effects:


== doxywizard ==
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-index.html QtQuick2 (Qt 5.0)
[[File:DoxyWizard.png|150px]]


= Qt Tricks =
== QML Applications ==
* Build the project in a linux environment has two advantages over VS on Windows: 1) the C++ code is more stringent 2) we can run debugging in Qt Creator.
* [https://github.com/arraytools/Qt/tree/master/example/Qmouseevent Mouse location]
* [https://github.com/arraytools/Qt/tree/master/example/ResizeRectangle Resize a rectangle as window]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1982563/what-is-the-best-way-to-visualize-large-data-sets-in-qt Visual large data (million of data)]
* Qt repaint() vs [http://www.qtforum.org/article/32832/how-to-paint-in-response-to-mouse-click.html?s=2282ebad7fc64c7533bd596cc09f89e86b026e49#post105826 update()]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10758267/how-to-force-layout-update-resize-when-child-it-manages-resizes Resize when child resize] by using sizeHint()  and minimumSizeHint.


== Conditional compilation ==
== Qt Quick Examples and Tutorials ==
<syntaxhighlight lang='c'>
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-codesamples.html
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN32
// Windows specific code
#elif defined(Q_OS_LINUX) || defined(Q_OS_MAC)
// Mac and Linux specific code
#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
Search '''QtGlobal''' for more information about the global declarations (eg Q_OS_WIN32).


== C++11 support ==
== [http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/quick-projects.html#creating-qt-quick-applications Creating Qt Quick (Controls) Applications] ==
Add the following to the .pro file.
First let's see the screen shots of creating an '''Application''' and '''Other Project'''. Each one category provides several templates.
<pre>
 
CONFIG += c++11
[[File:QtcreatorNew.png|200px]] [[File:QtcreatorNew2.png|200px]]
</pre>
A simple C++ code that uses a [http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/range-for range-based for loops] is:
<pre>
int my_array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
for(int &x : my_array)
{
  x *= 3;
}
</pre>
== Break long text ==
* QTextDocument; see Chapter 7 in FQD.
* [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/26432-Long-text-and-word-wrap-in-QPainter QGraphicsSceneTextItem]
* QLabel with [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qt.html#TextFlag-enum  setWordWrap()]
* QTextEdit as used in QHeatmap
* Qt TextWordWrap


== Set Windows initial posiiton ==
If we use the Qt Creator to create a Qt Quick Application, it will create the following files
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/866970/qt-how-to-set-main-windows-initial-position Set main window initial position]
* APPLICATION.pro
* main.cpp
* main.qml
* MainForm.ui.qml
* qml.qrc
* deployment.pri


== Get the current working path ==
The following screen shot gives a picture how Qt Creator organize these files.  The 'qtquick' project is a Qt Quick Application and the 'qtquickui' is a Qt Quick UI project (next section).
Use [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qcoreapplication.html#applicationDirPath QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath()] to get the current working path or [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qfile.html#absolutePath QFile::absolutePath()] to get the absolute path from relative one.


== Pop up a help file ==
[[File:Qtquickui.png|200px]]
* QMessageBox: no maximize button on top-right corner. Cannot resize (old Qheatmap)
* QTextBrowser: the html file cannot be part of C++ (Qtextbrowser)
* QLabel: No scroll bar (Qt07_BasicApplication)
* QTextEdit: Good (used in Qheatmap)
* QWebkit
* QTextDocument: no scroll bar (Qt79_drawText)


== Convert std::string to QString ==
=== [http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-visual-editor.html Pathway of Developing Qt Quick Applications] ===
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
QString::fromStdString());
</syntaxhighlight>


== Convert QString to std::string ==
== [http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/quick-projects.html#creating-qt-quick-ui-projects Creating Qt Quick UI projects] ==
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4214369/how-to-convert-qstring-to-stdstring
If we use the Qt Creator to create a QT Quick UI Projects, it will create the following 3 files (.qmlproject -> .qml -> .ui.qml)
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
* PROJECT.qmlproject
.toStdString()
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
</syntaxhighlight>
import QmlProject 1.1


== Convert QString to const char* ==
Project {
in C++03, ofstream::open takes const char* parameter.
    mainFile: "qtquickui.qml"


If OutputFileName is std::string.
    /* Include .qml, .js, and image files from current directory and subdirectories */
<pre>
    QmlFiles {
ofstream CSVFile;
        directory: "."
CSVFile.open(OutputFileName.c_str());
    }
</pre>
    JavaScriptFiles {
If outputFileName is Qstring
        directory: "."
<pre>
    }
CSVFile.open(OutputFileName.toStdString().c_str());
    ImageFiles {
</pre>
        directory: "."
See [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qstring.html#toStdString QString::toStdString] reference
    }
    /* List of plugin directories passed to QML runtime */
    // importPaths: [ "../exampleplugin" ]
}
</syntaxhighlight>
* PROJECT.qml (e.g. qtquickui.qml in this example)
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.6
import QtQuick.Window 2.2


== Custom Plots ==
Window {
* Boxplot, line plot, barplot, etc : http://www.qcustomplot.com/
    visible: true
* Histogram: https://www.assembla.com/code/histogram/subversion/nodes
    width: 640
    height: 480
    title: qsTr("Hello World")


== CPU/RAM real-time performance widget ==
    MainForm {
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHTXQbPquk and https://github.com/giordi91/performanceWidget
        anchors.fill: parent
        mouseArea.onClicked: {
            Qt.quit();
        }
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>
* <span style="color: red">MainForm.ui.qml</span>: defines a form for the application UI. The main filename ''MainForm'' appears in the PROJECT.qml file. Note that [http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-quick-ui-forms.html It is recommended that you edit the forms in the '''Design''' mode] and Qt Creator will show this file should only be edited in '''Design''' mode. 
<syntaxhighlight lang='qml'>
import QtQuick 2.6


== Use boost libraries with an example ==
Rectangle {
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16998326/using-boost-libraries-in-qt
    property alias mouseArea: mouseArea


On Windows OS, we can add the following to the .pro file
    width: 360
<pre>
    height: 360
INCLUDEPATH += C:/boost/boost_1_53_0/
LIBS += "-LC:/boost/boost_1_53_0/stage/lib/"
</pre>


On Ubuntu OS, I can use (the first line ''Qt += widgets'' is only necessary on Qt 5)
    MouseArea {
<pre>
        id: mouseArea
QT += widgets
        anchors.fill: parent
INCLUDEPATH += /home/brb/Downloads/boost_1_55_0/
    }
LIBS += "-L/home/brb/Downloads/boost_1_55_0/stage/lib/"
</pre>


The following is an example to compute the 95% percentile from the T distribution (df=195) is
    Text {
<pre>
        anchors.centerIn: parent
#include <QApplication>
        text: "Hello World"
#include <QLabel>
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>
=== [http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-using-qt-quick-designer.html Using Qt Quick Designer] ===


#include <boost/math/distributions/students_t.hpp>
== QmlBook - A book about Qt 5 ==
* http://qmlbook.github.io/
* https://github.com/qmlbook/qmlbook


using namespace std;
== Qt Quick Controls 1 ==
using boost::math::students_t;
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquickcontrols-overview.html Overview]. Qt Quick Controls module starts in Qt 5.1.
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquickcontrols-index.html
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hJKVb7WpQ_c Qt Quick Controls & Qt Quick Designer] demo


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
== Qt Quick Controls 2 ==
{
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/10/qt-quick-controls-2-0-a-new-beginning/
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/06/06/more-of-qt-quick-designer-and-qt-quick-controls-2/


    int df = 195;
= Special Modules =
    double alpha = .1;
http://doc.qt.io/
    students_t dist(df);
    double T = quantile(complement(dist, alpha / 2));


    QLabel *label = new QLabel("T(.95, df=195)=" + QString::number(T));
== [http://doc.qt.io/QtCharts/index.html Qt Charts] ==
    label->show();
'''Update''': the instruction below is for Qt 5.6.0. However Qt Charts can be installed by checking the appropriate check box when we install Qt 5.7.0.


    return a.exec();
When plots are launched or resized, there is an animation. It also supports themes (see the 'charthemes' example) Very cool!
}
</pre>


== Home directory ==
1. Install requirements (this step may be optional because we are using the binary Qt) according to
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
QDir::homePath()
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== Create a new directory/Check a directory exists or not ==
2. Download the binary Qt 5.6.0 beta from http://download.qt.io/development_releases/qt/5.6/5.6.0-beta/
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qdir.html#mkdir
 
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
3. Download qtcharts by using the '''git''' command from https://codereview.qt-project.org/#/admin/projects/qt/qtcharts
QDir dir("path/to/dir");
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
if (!dir.exists()) {
git clone https://codereview.qt-project.org/qt/qtcharts
    QDir().mkdir("path/to/dir");
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== Check if a file exists or not ==
4. Run
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10273816/how-to-check-whether-file-exists-in-qt-in-c
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qfile.html
# Install Qt 5.6 and Qt Creator
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qfileinfo.html
chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.6.0-beta.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.6.0-beta.run  # by default Qt will be installed to ~/Qt5.6.0


Use '''QFileInfo''' class.
# Install qtcharts
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
cd ~/qtcharts
bool fileExists(QString path) {
~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/bin/qmake
    QFileInfo checkFile(path);
make
    // check if file exists and if yes: Is it really a file and no directory?
    if (checkFile.exists() && checkFile.isFile()) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>


== Qt Designer ==
# Build one qtcharts example: barchart. The source code is one cpp and one pro.
From C++ GUI Programming with Qt book Chapter 2:
cd ~/qtcharts/examples/charts/barchart
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/lib
~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/bin/qmake
make


In the constructor, we call '''setupUi()''' to initialize the form. Thanks to multiple inheritance, we can access Ui::GoToCellDialog's members directly. After creating the user interface, '''setupUi()''' will also automatically connect any slots that follow the naming convention '''on_objectName_signalName()''' to the corresponding objectName's '''signalName()''' signal. In our example, this means that setupUi() will establish the following signal–slot connection:
# Run the example
<pre>
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:~/qtcharts/lib
connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(const QString &)),
./barchart
        this, SLOT(on_lineEdit_textChanged()));
# You will see a dynamic bar chart on the Ubuntu desktop
</pre>
</syntaxhighlight>


However, just like the GUI created in VBA, the text in the QLabel can be cut. So it is best not to use Qt Designer from my opinion.
Some help from
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/48485/qt-5-4-linux-deployment-app-could-not-find-or-load-the-qt-platform-plugin-xcb-ldd-is-happy


== Cross compile Windows app on Linux ==
Full list of examples is
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10934683/how-do-i-configure-qt-for-cross-compilation-from-linux-to-windows-target
 
== QProcess ==
=== Synchronous processing of QProcess (without freezing the gui) ===
Google: Qprocess synchronous use.
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11191988/qt-synchronous-processing-of-qprocess-without-freezing-the-gui
<pre>
<pre>
[...]
vagrant@vagrant:~$ ls qtcharts/examples/charts/
ui->status->setText("Do something with program 1");
areachart                  horizontalstackedbarchart  qmlchart
proc1.setReadChannelMode(QProcess::SeparateChannels);
audio                      legend                    qmlcustomizations
proc1.start("program 1 -args", QIODevice::ReadWrite);
barchart                  legendmarkers              qmlcustomlegend
connect(proc1, SIGNAL(finished(int, QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(finishedProc1()))
barmodelmapper            lineandbar                qmlf1legends
[...]
boxplotchart              linechart                  qmloscilloscope
callout                    logvalueaxis              qmlpiechart
chartinteractions          modeldata                  qmlpolarchart
charts.pro                multiaxis                  qmlweather
chartthemes                nesteddonuts              scatterchart
customchart                openglseries              scatterinteractions
datetimeaxis              percentbarchart            splinechart
donutbreakdown            piechart                  stackedbarchart
donutchart                piechartcustomization      stackedbarchartdrilldown
dynamicspline              piechartdrilldown          temperaturerecords
examples.pri              polarchart                zoomlinechart
horizontalbarchart        qmlaxes
horizontalpercentbarchart  qmlboxplot
</pre>


void finishedProc1()
== [http://doc.qt.io/QtDataVisualization/index.html Qt Data Visualization] ==
{
Get the source code from https://codereview.qt-project.org/#/admin/projects/
  ui->status->setText("Do something with program 2");
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
  proc2.setReadChannelMode(QProcess::SeparateChannels);
git clone https://codereview.qt-project.org/p/qt/qtdatavis3d.git
  proc2.start("program 2 -args", QIODevice::ReadWrite);
</syntaxhighlight>
  connect(proc2, SIGNAL(finished(int, QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(finishedProc2()))
}


void finishedProc2()
The examples include
{
<pre>
   [...]
vagrant@vagrant:~/qtdatavis3d/examples/datavisualization$ ls
}
audiolevels  datavisualization.pro  qmlaxisformatter  qmloscilloscope   rotations
bars        draggableaxes          qmlbars          qmlscatter        scatter
custominput  examples.pri          qmlcustominput    qmlspectrogram    surface
customitems  itemmodel              qmllegend        qmlsurface        texturesurface
customproxy  qmlaxisdrag            qmlmultigraph    qmlsurfacelayers  volumetric
</pre>
</pre>


=== QProcess: Destroyed while process is still running ===
= Create source code documentation using [http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/ Doxygen] =
If I manually clicked the 'x' button to close an application, I will get this message in Qt-Creator output window.
Create documentation for your Qt projects, classes, and functions.


How to solve this problem?
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KPN1y_vstjY
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UeJ9nrPsfmo
* source code is on [https://github.com/doxygen/doxygen github]


=== Reading the system() command output ===
Use QProcess. See [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19409940/how-to-get-output-system-command-in-qt this post].
<pre>
<pre>
QProcess process;
sudo apt-get install doxygen doxygen-gui
process.start(/* command line stuff */);
process.waitForFinished(-1); // will wait forever until finished
 
QString stdout = process.readAllStandardOutput();
QString stderr = process.readAllStandardError();
</pre>
</pre>


== Show table text file in QTableWidget ==
Then run
http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/31706
<pre>
<pre>
#include <QApplication>
doxywizard
#include <QMainWindow>
</pre> from a terminal. The rest should be trivial: enter project directory (nothing will be generated here actually), source code directory and output directory. Click Next. Click 'Run' tab to create HTML file. Click 'x' to quit and choose the default name 'Doxyfile' for the doxy file (> 900 lines). We can click 'Open HTML output' button to see the output or go to the output folder and select html/index.html or html/annotated.html file to view the result.
#include <QTableWidget>
#include <QTableWidgetItem>
#include <QFile>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QTextStream>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QDebug>


int main(int argc, char **argv)
Note that the input and output (absolute path) values will be written to 'Doxyfile'.
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QMainWindow *window = new QMainWindow();
    QMessageBox msg;


    QFile file("Data.txt");
If the source code was changed, we just need to run the following command to update files in the doxy output folder.
    if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
<pre>
    msg.information(0,"Error!","Error opening file!",0);
doxygen
</pre>
 
We can also create Doxyfile from scratch by running
<pre>
doxygen -g
</pre>
and then generate (default) output files by running
<pre>
doxygen Doxyfile  # Or just doxygen
</pre>


    QTextStream in(&file);
A better practice is to create a project folder and then create subfolders like
    QStringList *loadCsv;
<pre>
    QTableWidget *myTable=new QTableWidget();
MyProject/
        |--doc/
        |-->Doxyfile
        |--src/     
</pre>


    int rowsCount = 1;
== doxywizard ==
[[File:DoxyWizard.png|150px]]


    while(!in.atEnd())
= Qt Tricks =
    {
* Build the project in a linux environment has two advantages over VS on Windows: 1) the C++ code is more stringent 2) we can run debugging in Qt Creator.
        loadCsv = new QStringList(in.readLine().split(";"));
* [https://github.com/arraytools/Qt/tree/master/example/Qmouseevent Mouse location]
        myTable->setRowCount(rowsCount);
* [https://github.com/arraytools/Qt/tree/master/example/ResizeRectangle Resize a rectangle as window]
        myTable->setColumnCount(loadCsv->size());
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1982563/what-is-the-best-way-to-visualize-large-data-sets-in-qt Visual large data (million of data)]
        for(int col = 0; col < loadCsv->size(); ++col)
* Qt repaint() vs [http://www.qtforum.org/article/32832/how-to-paint-in-response-to-mouse-click.html?s=2282ebad7fc64c7533bd596cc09f89e86b026e49#post105826 update()]
        {
 
            QTableWidgetItem *items= new QTableWidgetItem(loadCsv->at(col));
== Resize ==
            myTable->setItem((rowsCount - 1), col, items);
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10758267/how-to-force-layout-update-resize-when-child-it-manages-resizes Resize when child resize] by using sizeHint() and minimumSizeHint.
        }
* For some reason, sizeHint() does not work. In this case, use '''resize(sizeHint())'''. See [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3611832/qt-how-to-resize-a-window-to-its-new-content here].
        rowsCount++;
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13731284/qt-widget-with-minimal-size-to-fit-all-contents Qt widget with minimal size to fit all contents]
        delete loadCsv;
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19293507/setting-text-on-a-qlabel-in-a-layout-doesnt-resize Setting text on a QLabel in a layout, doesn't resize] Set the vertical sizepolicy of your label to QSizePolicy::Minimum. Then set the sizeconstraint of your dialog's layout to QLayout::SetMinimumSize. This should make your dialog grow so all the content will fit inside of it.
    }
* The maximum button on the toolbar is controlled by the window manager. For example, there is a maximum button on Ubuntu but there is no maximum button on Mint for QDialog windows. One alternative to remove the maximum button is to disable it. This can be done by using '''setFixedWidth(int width)'. See [http://www.qtforum.org/article/25995/how-to-remove-maximize-button-and-resize-handles-from-window.html this post].
    window->setCentralWidget(myTable);
    window->show();
    return app.exec();
}
</pre>
and the Data.txt file
<pre>
bq. John Kl;34;1335532;CA;0444344
Kuma jo;54;44432;NY;0322355
Lebal ho;24;44022;NY;0110004
</pre>


== Creating spinning image/progress spinner ==
=== QLabel ===
* http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/25335
* [https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-8247 Layout issue when a QLabel with wordWrap=true is inside a Stacked Widget]
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13393174/create-spin-progress-bar-in-qt
The trick is the line about the layout, not the QLabel object.
* http://kokkachiprogramming.wordpress.com/2012/11/07/how-to-use-qt-qprogressbar-to-show-busyindefinite-status/
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
* https://github.com/mojocorp/QProgressIndicator (java like)
QVBoxLayout *mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
* https://sourceforge.net/projects/qroundprogressbar/
mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetMinimumSize);
// or if we want a fixed size; the main widget's size is set to sizeHint().
mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);
</syntaxhighlight>


[[File:Circular qprogress.png|250px]]
== QLabel + icon ==
* http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/3256-Qlabel-with-(icon-and-text)-HowTo
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/59183/display-icon-into-qlabel-solved/3


== QApplication::processEvents() - Staying Responsive during Intensive Processing ==
== Appearance/Desktop Environment Style ==
http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405544&seqNum=3
See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/qt#Appearance


== How Win32 Disk Imager know the progress ==
== Conditional compilation ==
* [https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/ source code]
<syntaxhighlight lang='c'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#ifdef Q_OS_WIN32
// from v0.9 <mainwindow.cpp>
// Windows specific code
void MainWindow::on_bWrite_clicked()
#elif defined(Q_OS_LINUX) || defined(Q_OS_MAC)
// Mac and Linux specific code
#endif
</syntaxhighlight>
Search '''QtGlobal''' for more information about the global declarations (eg Q_OS_WIN32).
 
== C++11 support ==
Add the following to the .pro file.
<pre>
CONFIG += c++11
</pre>
A simple C++ code that uses a [http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/range-for range-based for loops] is:
<pre>
int my_array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
for(int &x : my_array)
{
{
    progressbar->reset();
  x *= 3;
}
</pre>
== Break long text ==
* QTextDocument; see Chapter 7 in FQD.
* [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/26432-Long-text-and-word-wrap-in-QPainter QGraphicsSceneTextItem]
* QLabel with [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qt.html#TextFlag-enum  setWordWrap()]
* QTextEdit as used in QHeatmap
* Qt TextWordWrap


    hFile = getHandleOnFile(LPCWSTR(leFile->text().data()), GENERIC_READ);
== Set Windows initial posiiton ==
    *sectorsize = (unsigned long long)diskgeometry.Geometry.BytesPerSector;
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/866970/qt-how-to-set-main-windows-initial-position Set main window initial position]
    numsectors = getFileSizeInSectors(hFile, sectorsize);


    progressbar->setRange(0, (numsectors == 0ul) ? 100 : (int)numsectors);
== Get the current working path ==
    lasti = 0ul;
Use [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qcoreapplication.html#applicationDirPath QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath()] to get the current working path or [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qfile.html#absolutePath QFile::absolutePath()] to get the absolute path from relative one.
    timer.start();
    for (i = 0ul; i < numsectors && status == STATUS_READING; i += 1024ul)
    {
        sectorData = readSectorDataFromHandle(hFile, i, (numsectors - i >= 1024ul) ? 1024ul:(numsectors - i), sectorsize);
        ....
        delete sectorData;
        sectorData = NULL;


        QCoreApplication::processEvents();
== Pop up a help file ==
        if (timer.elapsed() >= 1000)
* QMessageBox: no maximize button on top-right corner. Cannot resize (old Qheatmap)
        {
* QTextBrowser: the html file cannot be part of C++ (Qtextbrowser)
            mbpersec = (((double)sectorsize * (i - lasti)) * (1000.0 / timer.elapsed())) / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
* QLabel: No scroll bar (Qt07_BasicApplication)
            statusbar->showMessage(QString("%1MB/s").arg(mbpersec));
* QTextEdit: Good (used in Qheatmap)
            timer.start();
* QWebkit
            lasti = i;
* QTextDocument: no scroll bar (Qt79_drawText)
        }


        progressbar->setValue(i);
== Convert std::string to QString ==
        QCoreApplication::processEvents();
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
    }
QString::fromStdString());
    ....
    progressbar->reset();
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


See also
== Convert QString to std::string ==
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qprogressdialog.html QProgressDialog] A QProgressBar in the status bar of your main window is often an alternative to a modeless progress dialog. See the example [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qt-dialogs-findfiles-example.html findfiles] in Qt Creator -> Welcome -> Examples.
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4214369/how-to-convert-qstring-to-stdstring
* [http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405544&seqNum=3 Staying Responsive during Intensive Processing]
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
 
.toStdString()
== Download, QNetworkRequest ==
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9uAfTAZrdM QTcpSocket by VoidRealms
* http://www.java2s.com/Code/Cpp/Qt/QNetworkAccessManager.htm QNetworkAccessManager
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ ./DownloadfromURL https://github.com/arraytools/toy/archive/master.zip
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://github.com/arraytools/toy/archive/master.zip succeded (saved to master.zip)
$ cat master.zip
<html><body>You are being <a href="https://codeload.github.com/arraytools/toy/zip/master">redirected</a>.</body></html>
# Actually the downloaded file is not right!
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
* http://www.bogotobogo.com/Qt/Qt5_QNetworkRequest_Http_File_Download.php QNetworkRequest & QNetworkAcessManager
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/13350/qprogressbar-with-qnetworkreply QProgressBar with QNetworkReply
* https://contingencycoder.wordpress.com/2013/06/06/quick-tip-download-a-file-in-qt/


Google: how to use qt download binary files https with progress bar
== Convert QString to const char* ==
in C++03, ofstream::open takes const char* parameter.


Here we want to ensure
If OutputFileName is std::string.
* https instead of http
<pre>
* binary file
ofstream CSVFile;
* progress bar
CSVFile.open(OutputFileName.c_str());
</pre>
If outputFileName is Qstring
<pre>
CSVFile.open(OutputFileName.toStdString().c_str());
</pre>
See [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qstring.html#toStdString QString::toStdString] reference


== Adding a child to QMainWindow ==
== Convert QString to UTF-8 ==
This is related to the error message '''Attempting to set QLayout "" on MainWindow "", which already has a layout'''. See
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23175024/qt-convert-string-to-utf-8
* http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/19647
<syntaxhighlight lang='cplus'>
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9290767/adding-child-in-qmainwindow
QString str = "Bob Rosén";
qDebug() << QString::fromUtf8(str);
</syntaxhighlight>


== Shape-Changing Dialogs ==
== Custom Plots ==
* Boxplot, line plot, barplot, etc : http://www.qcustomplot.com/
* Histogram: https://www.assembla.com/code/histogram/subversion/nodes


=== Extension Dialogs ===
== CPU/RAM real-time performance widget ==
* http://doc.qt.digia.com/qq/qq03-extension-dialogs.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHTXQbPquk and https://github.com/giordi91/performanceWidget
* http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405224


=== Multi-page dialogs ===
== Use boost libraries with an example ==
QTabWidget and QToolBox
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16998326/using-boost-libraries-in-qt


== qtextedit change font individual paragraph ==
On Windows OS, we can add the following to the .pro file
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27716625/qtextedit-change-font-of-individual-paragraph-block
<pre>
INCLUDEPATH += C:/boost/boost_1_53_0/
LIBS += "-LC:/boost/boost_1_53_0/stage/lib/"
</pre>


== Collapsible/Expandable Group Box ==
On Ubuntu OS, I can use (the first line ''Qt += widgets'' is only necessary on Qt 5)
* http://www.programmershare.com/1297423/, or http://qtforum.org/article/11286/qtoolbox-containing-vertical-tabs.html (working, use QToolBox that is a vertical tabs, see my bitbucket qt/example/drawer)
<pre>
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18575656/with-qtoolbox-which-setting-to-have-page-be-only-its-content-size, or http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11077793/is-there-a-standard-component-for-collapsible-panel-in-qt (working, not use QToolBox, use a customized QWidget, each item can work independently, see my bitbucket qt/example/toolbox)
QT += widgets
* http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/8400-Suggestions-for-collapsible-group-boxes (just instruction)
INCLUDEPATH += /home/brb/Downloads/boost_1_55_0/
* https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-8058 (tree, not pretty but fine)
LIBS += "-L/home/brb/Downloads/boost_1_55_0/stage/lib/"
* http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/7534/Collapsible-Group-Box (VBA form)
</pre>


== Screen ==
The following is an example to compute the 95% percentile from the T distribution (df=195) is
=== Place widget in the center of screen ===
<pre>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QLabel>
 
#include <boost/math/distributions/students_t.hpp>
 
using namespace std;
using boost::math::students_t;
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
 
    int df = 195;
    double alpha = .1;
    students_t dist(df);
    double T = quantile(complement(dist, alpha / 2));
 
    QLabel *label = new QLabel("T(.95, df=195)=" + QString::number(T));
    label->show();
 
    return a.exec();
}
</pre>
 
== Home directory ==
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include <QDesktopWidget>
QDir::homePath()
...
Widget w;
w.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() - w.rect().center());
w.show();
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18975734/how-do-i-get-the-screen-size-of-desktop-where-i-am-running-my-qt-application Another example] is still based on QDesktopWidget
In regular C++, we shall use
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
QRect rec = QApplication::desktop()->screenGeometry();
char * getenv("HOME")
height = rec.height();
# convert to string by std::string(getenv("HOME"))
width = rec.width();
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17893328/qt-getting-the-screen-resolution-without-the-extended-monitor Choose the primary display] when multiple monitors are used.
== Create a new directory/Check a directory exists or not ==
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qdir.html#mkdir
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
QDir dir("path/to/dir");
if (!dir.exists()) {
    QDir().mkdir("path/to/dir");
}
</syntaxhighlight>


=== Query current window size ===
== Check if a file exists or not ==
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qwidget.html#size-prop
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10273816/how-to-check-whether-file-exists-in-qt-in-c
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/20207/get-current-window-size
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qfile.html
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qfileinfo.html


== QFontMetrics ==
Use '''QFileInfo''' class.
Font's baseline in y-axis is not on top. It is on bottom. See the image explanation below.
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
bool fileExists(QString path) {
    QFileInfo checkFile(path);
    // check if file exists and if yes: Is it really a file and no directory?
    if (checkFile.exists() && checkFile.isFile()) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>


height() = ascent() + descent() + 1
== Qt Designer ==
* [http://moky.cc/2015/01/19/Qt%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97/ Qt 字体大小的计算]
From C++ GUI Programming with Qt book Chapter 2:
* [http://blog.csdn.net/cloud_castle/article/details/44018679 Qt5官方demo解析集36——Wiggly Example]
* http://qtdebug.com/Paint-Base.html Chinese characters (e.g. 太极) can be shown on Qt widget too.
* [http://openhome.cc/Gossip/Qt3Gossip/QPainter2.html QPainter 類別 - 文字繪製]


== Create resource file ==
In the constructor, we call '''setupUi()''' to initialize the form. Thanks to multiple inheritance, we can access Ui::GoToCellDialog's members directly. After creating the user interface, '''setupUi()''' will also automatically connect any slots that follow the naming convention '''on_objectName_signalName()''' to the corresponding objectName's '''signalName()''' signal. In our example, this means that setupUi() will establish the following signal–slot connection:
For example, if we want to include an image as a background for QTextEdit, then we can do put the following in <main.cpp>
<pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(const QString &)),
#include <QtGui>
        this, SLOT(on_lineEdit_textChanged()));
</pre>


int main(int argc, char **argv)
However, just like the GUI created in VBA, the text in the QLabel can be cut. So it is best not to use Qt Designer from my opinion.
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);


    QTextEdit* edit = new QTextEdit();
=== Using a Designer UI File in Your Application ===
    edit->setWindowTitle("QTextEdit Background Image");
http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/designer-using-a-ui-file.html


    edit->setStyleSheet("background-image: url(:/image/cherryblossom_pink.jpg)");
{| class="wikitable"
 
!
    // the following 4 lines are playing with font     
! ui file (Direct approach)
    edit->setTextColor(QColor("white"));
! No ui
    edit->setFont (QFont ("Courier", 20));
|-
    edit->setText("Can you see me?");
| ui
    edit->setGeometry(100,100, 480, 272);
| <a.ui>
 
| NA
    edit->show();
|-
    return app.exec();
| header
| <syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include "ui_a.h"
class A:public QDialog
{
  private:
    Ui::A *ui;
}
</syntaxhighlight>
| None
|-
| cpp
| <syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
A::A(QDialog *parent)
  :QDialog(parent),
  ui(new Ui::A)
{
}
</syntaxhighlight>
| <syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
A:A(QWidget *parent)
:QDialog(parent)
{
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
The image file <cherryblossom_pink.jpg> can be (not necessary) in the source directory.
|}


To add a resource file
== Cross compile Windows app on Linux ==
# right click project name and choose 'add new'
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10934683/how-do-i-configure-qt-for-cross-compilation-from-linux-to-windows-target
# choose 'Qt resource file'. Enter 'resource' for the resource file name (Qt will add .qrc as ext name)
# click 'Add Prefix'. Type '/image' for instance.
# click 'Add file'. It will open a file explorer for us to browse files we want.
# We can refer to this image file by adding colon, prefix and file name such as the above example.


The image file will part of executable file. We can access the file at run time. We can add any files in the resource file. The prefix mechanism is just a way to organize these files when we want to refer them in our code.
== QProcess ==
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qprocess.html
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qprocess.html


If the image is used as an icon, we can do like [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qicon.html here]
=== Synchronous processing of QProcess (without freezing the gui) ===
<pre>
Google: Qprocess synchronous use.
QIcon(":/image/simple-triangle.jpg")
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11191988/qt-synchronous-processing-of-qprocess-without-freezing-the-gui
</pre>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
[...]
ui->status->setText("Do something with program 1");
proc1.setReadChannelMode(QProcess::SeparateChannels);
proc1.start("program 1 -args", QIODevice::ReadWrite);
connect(proc1, SIGNAL(finished(int, QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(finishedProc1()))
[...]


== Search files in a directory (QDir and QStringList) ==
void finishedProc1()
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qdir.html QDir]
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qstringlist.html QStringList]
<pre>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QtDebug>
int main(int argv, char **args)
{
{
   QApplication app(argv, args);
   ui->status->setText("Do something with program 2");
 
   proc2.setReadChannelMode(QProcess::SeparateChannels);
   QStringList nameFilter("*.fastq");
   proc2.start("program 2 -args", QIODevice::ReadWrite);
   QDir directory("/home/brb/Anders2013small");
   connect(proc2, SIGNAL(finished(int, QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(finishedProc2()))
   QStringList files = directory.entryList(nameFilter);
  for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); ++i)
      qDebug() << files.at(i) ;
 
  return app.exec();
}
}
</pre>


== QTimer, QBasicTimer, QObject::timerEvent(QTimerEvent * event) ==
void finishedProc2()
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/timers.html Timer]
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qtimer.html QTimer]. The example is from [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHc7siV2Ads VoidRealms] in Youtube.
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// main.cpp
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include "mytimer.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
  [...]
    MyTimer mTimer;
    return a.exec();
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>


// mytimer.cpp
=== QProcess: Destroyed while process is still running ===
#include "mytimer.h"
If I manually clicked the 'x' button to close an application, I will get this message in Qt-Creator output window.
#include <QtCore>
 
#include <QDebug>
How to solve this problem?
MyTimer::MyTimer()
 
{
=== Reading the system() command output ===
    timer = new QTimer(this);
Use QProcess. See [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19409940/how-to-get-output-system-command-in-qt this post].
    connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(MySlot()));
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
    timer->start(1000);
QProcess process;
}
process.start(/* command line stuff */);
process.waitForFinished(-1); // will wait forever until finished


void MyTimer::MySlot()
QString stdout = process.readAllStandardOutput();
{
QString stderr = process.readAllStandardError();
    qDebug() << "Timer executed"; // print out every 1 second
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qbasictimer.html QBasicTimer] and [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qt-widgets-wiggly-example.html Wiggly example]


Wiggly example
=== Example Redirect Real-Time Standard Output to QTextEdit  ===
http://www.codeprogress.com/cpp/libraries/qt/showQtExample.php?index=474&key=QProcessRedirectOutput
 
=== Example from Chapter 12 of FQD ===
The way the designer form was used in the code is exactly the same as the [[#Using_a_Designer_UI_File_in_Your_Application|calculator example]] ([http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/designer-using-a-ui-file.html Single Inheritance Approach]).
 
1. We have to change line 62 from
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
arguments << "-tr" << "MYTR" << "/processdialog.ui";
</syntaxhighlight>
to
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
arguments << "-tr" << "MYTR" << "../processes/processdialog.ui";
</syntaxhighlight>
So the code looks like
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// wigglywidget.cpp
#include <QProcess>
WigglyWidget::WigglyWidget(QWidget *parent)
 
    : QWidget(parent)
#include "processdialog.h"
 
ProcessDialog::ProcessDialog() : QDialog()
{
{
    ...
  process = 0;
    timer.start(60, this); // every 60 milliseconds
 
  ui.setupUi( this );
 
  connect( ui.uicButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(runUic()) );
}
}


void WigglyWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent * /* event */)
void ProcessDialog::runUic()
{
{
  ui.uicButton->setEnabled( false );
  ui.textEdit->setText( "" );
 
  if( process )
    delete process;
  process = new QProcess( this );
 
  connect( process, SIGNAL(error(QProcess::ProcessError)), this, SLOT(handleError(QProcess::ProcessError)) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(finished(int,QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(handleFinish(int,QProcess::ExitStatus)) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(readyReadStandardError()), this, SLOT(handleReadStandardError()) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(readyReadStandardOutput()), this, SLOT(handleReadStandardOutput()) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(started()), this, SLOT(handleStarted()) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );


  QStringList arguments;
  arguments << "-tr" << "MYTR" << "../processes/processdialog.ui";
  process->start( "uic", arguments );
}
}
void ProcessDialog::handleError( QProcess::ProcessError error ) {}
void ProcessDialog::handleFinish( int code, QProcess::ExitStatus status ) {}
void ProcessDialog::handleReadStandardError() {}
void ProcessDialog::handleReadStandardOutput() {}
void ProcessDialog::handleStarted() {}
void ProcessDialog::handleStateChange( QProcess::ProcessState state ) {}
</syntaxhighlight>
2. In output, it shows
<pre>
New status: Starting    <= connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );
...
New status: Running    <= connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );
Started                <= connect( process, SIGNAL(started()), this, SLOT(handleStarted()) );
New status: Not running <= connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );
Normal exit(0)
</pre>
=== Chapter 11.4 of The Book of Qt 4 ===
Synchronous use of QProcess: showtar example
Note: for some reason, when I change the 'tar' command to 'ls -l' command and argv[1] to be some directory, the command does not give an output??
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include <QtGui>


void WigglyWidget::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event)
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
{
     if (event->timerId() == timer.timerId()) {
  if (argc < 2)
        ++step;
     return 1;
        update(); // update the widget
 
     } else {
  QApplication app(argc, argv);
QWidget::timerEvent(event);
 
    }  
  QProcess tar;
  QStringList env = QProcess::systemEnvironment();
  env.replaceInStrings(QRegExp("^LANG=(.*)"),"LANG=C");
  tar.setEnvironment(env);
  QStringList args;
  args << "tf" << argv[1];
  tar.start("tar", args);
  QByteArray output;
  while ( tar.waitForReadyRead() )
    output += tar.readAll();
  QStringList entries = QString::fromLocal8Bit(output).split('\n');
  entries.removeLast();
 
  QListWidget w;
 
  QIcon fileIcon = app.style()->standardIcon(QStyle::SP_FileIcon);  
  QIcon dirIcon = app.style()->standardIcon(QStyle::SP_DirClosedIcon);
 
  foreach(QString entry, entries) {
    if (entry.endsWith('/'))
      new QListWidgetItem(dirIcon, entry, &w);
     else
      new QListWidgetItem(fileIcon, entry, &w);
  }
 
  w.show();
  return app.exec();
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
Asynchronous use of QProcess: Lineparseprocess example
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// main.cpp
#include <QtGui>
#include "lineparserprocess.h"


// dialog.cpp
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent, bool smallScreen)
    : QDialog(parent)
{
{
    WigglyWidget *wigglyWidget = new WigglyWidget;
  if (argc < 2) return 1;
    ...
  QApplication app(argc, argv);
    connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(QString)),
  QListWidget w;
            wigglyWidget, SLOT(setText(QString)));
  LineParserProcess process(&w);
    ...
  process.setWorkingDirectory(QString::fromLocal8Bit(argv[1]));
  process.start("ls", QStringList() << "-Rl" );
  w.show();
  return app.exec();
}
 
// lineparserprocess.cpp
#include <QtGui>
#include <QDebug>
#include "lineparserprocess.h"
 
LineParserProcess::LineParserProcess(QListWidget *w, QObject *parent)
  : QProcess(parent), listWidget(w)
{
  connect(this, SIGNAL(readyRead()), SLOT(readData()));
  QStringList env = systemEnvironment();
  env.replaceInStrings(QRegExp("^LANG=(.*)"),"LANG=C");
  setEnvironment(env);
}
 
void LineParserProcess::readData()
{
  QByteArray line;
  while (!(line = readLine()).isEmpty())
    new QListWidgetItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(line), listWidget);
}
}
</syntaxhighlight>
</syntaxhighlight>


== QRegExp ==
== Show table text file in QTableWidget ==
http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/31706
<pre>
<pre>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTableWidget>
#include <QTableWidgetItem>
#include <QFile>
#include <QString>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QRegExp>
#include <QTextStream>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QDebug>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
{
  QString str;
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
  str = QString("-o Serum") ;
    QMainWindow *window = new QMainWindow();
  QStringList strlist;
    QMessageBox msg;
  strlist = str.split(" ");
 
  QRegExp rx("Ser");
    QFile file("Data.txt");
  foreach (const QString &str, strlist) {
    if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
      qDebug() << "str " << str ;
    msg.information(0,"Error!","Error opening file!",0);
      qDebug() << "indexIn " << rx.indexIn(str);
 
        }
    QTextStream in(&file);
  qDebug() << "strlist.indexOf('Serum')" << strlist.indexOf("Serum");
    QStringList *loadCsv;
    QTableWidget *myTable=new QTableWidget();
 
    int rowsCount = 1;


  if (strlist.indexOf("-p") < 0 && strlist.indexOf("--num-threads")) strlist << "-p 5";
    while(!in.atEnd())
  foreach (const QString &str, strlist) {
    {
      qDebug() << str ;
        loadCsv = new QStringList(in.readLine().split(";"));
        myTable->setRowCount(rowsCount);
        myTable->setColumnCount(loadCsv->size());
        for(int col = 0; col < loadCsv->size(); ++col)
        {
            QTableWidgetItem *items= new QTableWidgetItem(loadCsv->at(col));
            myTable->setItem((rowsCount - 1), col, items);
         }
         }
  qDebug() << strlist.join(" ");
        rowsCount++;
        delete loadCsv;
    }
    window->setCentralWidget(myTable);
    window->show();
    return app.exec();
}
}
</pre>
</pre>
gives an output
and the Data.txt file
<pre>
<pre>
str  "-o"
bq. John Kl;34;1335532;CA;0444344
indexIn  -1
Kuma jo;54;44432;NY;0322355
str  "Serum"
Lebal ho;24;44022;NY;0110004
indexIn  0
strlist.indexOf('Serum') 1
"-o"
"Serum"
"-p 5"
"-o Serum -p 5"
</pre>
</pre>


== Query number of threads in CPU ==
== Creating spinning image/progress spinner, progressbar ==
<pre>
* http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/25335
#include <QThread>
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13393174/create-spin-progress-bar-in-qt
....
* http://kokkachiprogramming.wordpress.com/2012/11/07/how-to-use-qt-qprogressbar-to-show-busyindefinite-status/
qDebug() << QThread::idealThreadCount();
* https://github.com/mojocorp/QProgressIndicator (java like)
</pre>
* https://sourceforge.net/projects/qroundprogressbar/
* [http://fatrat.dolezel.info/ FatRat] - an open source download manager for Linux written in C++ and Qt
* [http://www.qbittorrent.org/ qBittorrent] - uTorrent like software written in Qt
* [https://github.com/wang-bin/qop Qt Output Parser for tar, zip, unzip, unrar, 7z with a compression/extraction progress indicator]


== Sockets ==
[[File:Circular qprogress.png|250px]]
Some application examples
* A progress bar with an expandable details when we install new packages in Ubuntu (2x Ubuntu Mate and 1x Ubuntu Unity)
* Sending images (FQD, Chapter 14)
[[File:Mate softwareUpdate done.png|200px]] [[File:Mate softwareUpdater.png|200px]] [[File:Installpackage2.png|200px]] [[File:Installpackage.png|200px]] [[File:UnitysoftwareUpdate.png|200px]]
* Trip planner (C++GUIQt4, Chapter 15)
* (TBQt4, Chapter 11.5)
* (DesignPatters, not covering)
* (AQtPr, not covering)
* Trip palnner


= SourceForge =
Note that the icon (box with a '+' sign) is located in /usr/share/icons/Humanity/status/48/aptdaemon-add.svg.
https://sourceforge.net/directory/os:linux/?q=Qt


= Qt-Apps.org =
=== Extract files ===
http://qt-apps.org/ is a good source to find open source projects based on Qt.
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/35136155/qt-quazip-to-extract-file-and-show-its-progress-in-qprogressdialog QuaZip to extract file and show its progress in QProgressDialog]


== Graphics ==
=== How Win32 Disk Imager know the progress ===
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Picture+Wall?content=106101 Picture Wall]
* [https://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/ source code]
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/At+will+transformations+example?content=133531 2d transformation] (works, but kind of simple ...)
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Painter?content=134450 EasyPaint] (Poland langauge)
// from v0.9 <mainwindow.cpp>
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Boat+Scenario?content=115827 Boat scenario] (cannot compile)
void MainWindow::on_bWrite_clicked()
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QDiagram?content=91521 Q diagram] (cannot compile)
{
 
    progressbar->reset();
== Scientific ==
 
* http://qtdebug.com/Paint-RealTime-Curve.html 实时动态曲线 (DIY)
    hFile = getHandleOnFile(LPCWSTR(leFile->text().data()), GENERIC_READ);
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Unipro+UGENE?content=92171 Unipro UGENE] (cannot compile)
    *sectorsize = (unsigned long long)diskgeometry.Geometry.BytesPerSector;
* [http://freecode.com/projects/veusz Veusz] which depends python2, PyQt (Qt4, SIP) and numpy.
    numsectors = getFileSizeInSectors(hFile, sectorsize);
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/arrowmatcher?content=144151 arrowmatcher] (not English)
 
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QtiPlot?content=58947 QtiPlot] (require Python)
    progressbar->setRange(0, (numsectors == 0ul) ? 100 : (int)numsectors);
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/MIFit?content=134846 MIFit] (require Python)
    lasti = 0ul;
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Tulip?content=124170 Tulip] (no .pro file, use 'make')
    timer.start();
 
    for (i = 0ul; i < numsectors && status == STATUS_READING; i += 1024ul)
== Sound Application ==
    {
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Virtual+MIDI+Piano+Keyboard?content=88233 Virtual Midi Piano]
        sectorData = readSectorDataFromHandle(hFile, i, (numsectors - i >= 1024ul) ? 1024ul:(numsectors - i), sectorsize);
 
        ....
== Qt Widget ==
        delete sectorData;
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/AnalogWidgets?content=87780 AnalogWidgets] It builds on my Beaglebone black after I edit the file <Flags.pri> to remove lines containing "-march=core2" and "-mfpmath=sse". Just run 'qmake' and 'make' and it'll build successfully. The only problem is the BBB's screen is too small so I have to kill it from another way.
        sectorData = NULL;
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/VirtualKeyboard?content=107388 Virtual keyboard]
 
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/ImageCropper?content=160534 Image cropper]
        QCoreApplication::processEvents();
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QProgressIndicator?content=115762 QProgressIndicator]
        if (timer.elapsed() >= 1000)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QProg?content=75108 QProg]
        {
 
            mbpersec = (((double)sectorsize * (i - lasti)) * (1000.0 / timer.elapsed())) / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
= Qt games =
            statusbar->showMessage(QString("%1MB/s").arg(mbpersec));
* http://qt-project.org/wiki/Qt_Based_Games
            timer.start();
* [http://www.zetcode.com/gui/qt4/breakoutgame/ Breakout game]
            lasti = i;
* [https://github.com/xiaoyong/2048-Qt 2048-Qt]
        }
* [https://sourceforge.net/projects/jag-game/  JAG - Just Another Game] Qt-based 2d Match-Three Game
 
        progressbar->setValue(i);
        QCoreApplication::processEvents();
    }
    ....
    progressbar->reset();
}
</syntaxhighlight>
 
See also
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qprogressdialog.html QProgressDialog] A QProgressBar in the status bar of your main window is often an alternative to a modeless progress dialog. See the example [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qt-dialogs-findfiles-example.html findfiles] in Qt Creator -> Welcome -> Examples.
* [http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405544&seqNum=3 Staying Responsive during Intensive Processing]
 
=== Running a terminal process ===
Google: qprogressbar readyReadStandardOutput OR qprogressbar shell script
 
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27749659/how-to-link-a-qprogressbar-to-a-terminal-process-percentage
* The shell script needs to report its progress (eg a number). Qt will parse the output, extract the progress percentage and change the progressbar accordingly. See [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/62858-QProcess-QProgressBar this post] or [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27749659/how-to-link-a-qprogressbar-to-a-terminal-process-percentage this post]
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
progressbar->setvalue(download->readAll().toInt());
</syntaxhighlight>
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18681663/connect-qprocess-with-qprogressbar Use QRegExp or QRegularExpression (Qt5) to extract digits] and convert only them. toInt() supports checking if a conversion error has occured, see documentation
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26884734/how-to-run-print-command-lpr-p-programmatically-throgh-root-privilage-in-qt/26885247#26885247 Run a command needs a sudo password]
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
echo sudoPass | sudo -S COMMAND
</syntaxhighlight>
* See examples of readyReadStandardOutput() in Qt books (such as an intro to design patters in c++ with qt4).
 
== QApplication::processEvents() - Staying Responsive during Intensive Processing ==
http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405544&seqNum=3
 
== Download, QNetworkAccessManager, QNetworkReply ==
* https://wiki.qt.io/Download_Data_from_URL or http://www.codeprogress.com/cpp/libraries/qt/qtClasses.php?item=QNetworkAccessManager (work after we correct the link from http to https!!. But in general https, like from github.com, does not work)
* [http://voidrealms.com/index.php?r=tutorial/index VoidRealms]
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9uAfTAZrdM C++ Qt 66 - QTCPSocket using signals and slots]
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LATSg00HaXk&list=PL2D1942A4688E9D63&index=156 C++ Qt 150 - RSA and AES Primer with OpenSSL]
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdjzavGJaqQ&index=157&list=PL2D1942A4688E9D63 C++ Qt 151 - RSA and AES with OpenSSL Linking and structure]
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwzWVG_LDGA&index=158&list=PL2D1942A4688E9D63 C++ Qt 152 - OpenSSL Working with RSA]
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJEuATyXlXQ&index=159&list=PL2D1942A4688E9D63 C++ Qt 153 - OpenSSL Working with AES]
** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsX6BFbnSbQ&index=160&list=PL2D1942A4688E9D63 C++ Qt 154 - OpenSSL Qt Command line]
* http://www.java2s.com/Code/Cpp/Qt/QNetworkAccessManager.htm QNetworkAccessManager
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ ./DownloadfromURL https://github.com/arraytools/toy/archive/master.zip
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://github.com/arraytools/toy/archive/master.zip succeded (saved to master.zip)
$ cat master.zip
<html><body>You are being <a href="https://codeload.github.com/arraytools/toy/zip/master">redirected</a>.</body></html>
# Actually the downloaded file is not right!
</syntaxhighlight>
* Qt5 tutorials from bogotobogo.com
** [http://www.bogotobogo.com/Qt/Qt5_QHttp_Downloading_Files_Network_Programming.php 60. QHttp - Downloading Files] (idea: QHttp is outdated)
** [http://www.bogotobogo.com/Qt/Qt5_Downloading_Files_QNetworkAccessManager_QNetworkRequest.php 61. QNetworkAccessManager and QNetworkRequest - Downloading Files] (can show file's header and download error message)
** [http://www.bogotobogo.com/Qt/Qt5_Network_Http_Files_Download_Example.php 62. Qt's Network Download Example - Reconstructed] SSL is considered (Tested on Qt 5.7). Note that https works for text files but not for binary files (github server). The tarball from NIH also works if there is no redirection.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ ./NetworkDownloadExample https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arraytools/bdge/master/install_rnaseq.sh  # works
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arraytools/bdge/master/install_rnaseq.sh succeeded (saved to install_rnaseq.sh)
$ ls -l install_rnaseq.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 brb brb 6694 Sep 29 12:21 install_rnaseq.sh
 
$ ./NetworkDownloadExample https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip # not works
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip succeeded (saved to master.zip)
$ ls -l master.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 brb brb 120 Sep 29 12:16 master.zip
 
$ # rebuild Qt 5.7.0 on Linux Mint with -openssl-linked. Then test the binary on Ubuntu 12.04 machine.
$ # no more complains of "qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method" and the file can be downloaded completely
$ ./NetworkDownloadExample https://ftp-trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/sdk/2.7.0/sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz
Download of https://ftp-trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/sdk/2.7.0/sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz succeeded (saved to sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz)
$ ls -lth sratoolkit*
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mli mli 61M Sep 29 15:37 sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz
</syntaxhighlight>
** [http://www.bogotobogo.com/Qt/Qt5_QNetworkRequest_Http_File_Download.php 63. QNetworkAccessManager - Downloading Files with UI and QProgressDialog] (best code; it can handle URL redirection)
* [https://forum.qt.io/topic/13350/qprogressbar-with-qnetworkreply Download http with a QProgressBar] (not a QProgressDialog)
 
Google: how to use qt download binary files https with progress bar
 
Here we want to ensure
* https instead of http
* binary file (nothing special)
* progress bar (use '''QProgressDialog''')
 
=== SSL ===
* [https://taichimd.us/mediawiki/index.php/Linux#SSL Internal link]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3683826/qnetworkrequest-and-default-ssl-configuration Check SSL configuration]
* [http://stackoverflow.com/questions/30473684/qsslsocket-cannot-resolve-sslv2-client-method QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLV2_client_method] The problem has solved by compiling openssl as shared library.
 
=== Github and take-home messages ===
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20774727/how-does-github-releases-generate-archive-filenames
 
<pre style="white-space: pre-wrap; /* CSS 3 */ white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; /* Mozilla, since 1999 */ white-space: -pre-wrap; /* Opera 4-6 */ white-space: -o-pre-wrap; /* Opera 7 */ word-wrap: break-word; /* IE 5.5+ */ " >
$ curl --head https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Server: GitHub.com
Date: Sun, 02 Oct 2016 19:14:48 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Status: 302 Found
Cache-Control: no-cache
Vary: X-PJAX
Location: https://codeload.github.com/arraytools/bdge/zip/master
X-UA-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1
Set-Cookie: logged_in=no; domain=.github.com; path=/; expires=Thu, 02 Oct 2036 19:14:48 -0000; secure; HttpOnly
Set-Cookie: _gh_sess=eyJzZXNzaW9uX2lkIjoiMGUxMTZhOTBkZTUyZDBmNGQ2ODgyNDAwMDhmMzBlYTEiLCJzcHlfcmVwbyI6ImFycmF5dG9vbHMvYmRnZSIsInNweV9yZXBvX2F0IjoxNDc1NDM1Njg4fQ%3D%3D--65e86f9f830aeb6d760165f11a2a668e96729802; path=/; secure; HttpOnly
X-Request-Id: 00cf137d95b9d718f8fe3e8c90502993
X-Runtime: 0.011499
Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'none'; base-uri 'self'; block-all-mixed-content; child-src render.githubusercontent.com; connect-src 'self' uploads.github.com status.github.com api.github.com www.google-analytics.com github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com wss://live.github.com; font-src assets-cdn.github.com; form-action 'self' github.com gist.github.com; frame-ancestors 'none'; frame-src render.githubusercontent.com; img-src 'self' data: assets-cdn.github.com identicons.github.com collector.githubapp.com github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com *.githubusercontent.com; media-src 'none'; script-src assets-cdn.github.com; style-src 'unsafe-inline' assets-cdn.github.com
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload
Public-Key-Pins: max-age=5184000; pin-sha256="WoiWRyIOVNa9ihaBciRSC7XHjliYS9VwUGOIud4PB18="; pin-sha256="RRM1dGqnDFsCJXBTHky16vi1obOlCgFFn/yOhI/y+ho="; pin-sha256="k2v657xBsOVe1PQRwOsHsw3bsGT2VzIqz5K+59sNQws="; pin-sha256="K87oWBWM9UZfyddvDfoxL+8lpNyoUB2ptGtn0fv6G2Q="; pin-sha256="IQBnNBEiFuhj+8x6X8XLgh01V9Ic5/V3IRQLNFFc7v4="; pin-sha256="iie1VXtL7HzAMF+/PVPR9xzT80kQxdZeJ+zduCB3uj0="; pin-sha256="LvRiGEjRqfzurezaWuj8Wie2gyHMrW5Q06LspMnox7A="; includeSubDomains
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
X-Frame-Options: deny
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Served-By: f0ee042be143fcba78041fc2f69c0aa7
X-GitHub-Request-Id: AD424587:19B3:3DABBBD:57F15CA8
 
$ # Write output to a file named as the remote file, follow redirects and use the header-provided filename:
$ curl -LOJ https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed  Time    Time    Time  Current
                                Dload  Upload  Total  Spent    Left  Speed
100  120    0  120    0    0    269      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  270
100 54475  100 54475    0    0  50078      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  287k
curl: Saved to filename 'bdge-master.zip'
</pre>
 
The take-home messages:
* Github will redirect the download url (https://github.com) to another real url (https://codeload.github.com)
* If we use the real url in the Qt code, it will download the binary zip file successfully
* If we use the original url obtained from the github.com, our code has to be able to redirect the url. If it can, the final zip file can be downloaded successfully; if not, the downloaded file is just an HTML document.
 
=== Cpp and libcurl ===
* https://techoverflow.net/blog/2013/03/15/c-simple-http-download-using-libcurl-easy-api/  The code needs to be modified for binary files.
<syntaxhighlight lang='bash'>
$ dpkg -l libcurl* | grep '^i'
ii  libcurl3:amd64            7.35.0-1ubuntu2.9 amd64 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (OpenSSL flavour)
ii  libcurl3-gnutls:amd64      7.35.0-1ubuntu2.9 amd64 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (GnuTLS flavour)
ii  libcurl4-openssl-dev:amd64 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.9 amd64 development files and documentation for libcurl (OpenSSL flavour)
 
$ dpkg -l libssl* | grep '^i'
ii  libssl-dev:amd64  1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  amd64        Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
ii  libssl-doc        1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  all          Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development documentation
ii  libssl1.0.0:amd64  1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  amd64        Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
ii  libssl1.0.0:i386  1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  i386        Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
</syntaxhighlight>
* [http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/windows/122859/ How to download a file by libcurl] Binary file?
 
== Adding a child to QMainWindow ==
This is related to the error message '''Attempting to set QLayout "" on MainWindow "", which already has a layout'''. See
* http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/19647
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9290767/adding-child-in-qmainwindow
 
== Shape-Changing Dialogs ==
 
=== Extension Dialogs ===
* http://doc.qt.digia.com/qq/qq03-extension-dialogs.html
* http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405224
 
=== Multi-page dialogs ===
QTabWidget and QToolBox
 
== Dialog examples of successful installation ==
* VirtualBox - install a new version of extension pack
 
[[File:Success_vbox.png|250px]]
* JDK
[[File:Success_jdk.png|250px]]
 
== qtextedit change font individual paragraph ==
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27716625/qtextedit-change-font-of-individual-paragraph-block
 
== Collapsible/Expandable Group Box ==
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qtoolbox.html QToolBox] - a column of tabbed widget items (Cf. The QToolButton class provides a quick-access button to commands or options, usually used inside a QToolBar).
* http://www.programmershare.com/1297423/, or http://qtforum.org/article/11286/qtoolbox-containing-vertical-tabs.html (working, use QToolBox that is a vertical tabs, see my bitbucket qt/example/drawer)
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18575656/with-qtoolbox-which-setting-to-have-page-be-only-its-content-size, or http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11077793/is-there-a-standard-component-for-collapsible-panel-in-qt (working, not use QToolBox, use a customized QWidget, each item can work independently, see my bitbucket qt/example/toolbox). This example is closer to what we see in Ubuntu's Software Updater since each items are independent.
* http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/8400-Suggestions-for-collapsible-group-boxes (just instruction)
* https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-8058 (tree, not pretty but fine)
* http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/7534/Collapsible-Group-Box (VBA form)
 
=== Resize a window to fit its contents ===
* [https://forum.qt.io/topic/16076/solved-automatic-resize-to-fit-the-elements-in-a-dialog/6 Automatic resize to fit the elements in a Dialog by sizeHint()/minimumSizeHint()] or [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/11387-sizeHint() adjustSize()]
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13731284/qt-widget-with-minimal-size-to-fit-all-contents
 
== Screen ==
=== Place widget in the center of screen ===
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include <QDesktopWidget>
...
Widget w;
w.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() - w.rect().center());
w.show();
</syntaxhighlight>
 
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18975734/how-do-i-get-the-screen-size-of-desktop-where-i-am-running-my-qt-application Another example] is still based on QDesktopWidget
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
QRect rec = QApplication::desktop()->screenGeometry();
height = rec.height();
width = rec.width();
</syntaxhighlight>
 
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17893328/qt-getting-the-screen-resolution-without-the-extended-monitor Choose the primary display] when multiple monitors are used.
 
=== Query current window size ===
* http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qwidget.html#size-prop
* https://forum.qt.io/topic/20207/get-current-window-size
 
== QFontMetrics ==
Font's baseline in y-axis is not on top. It is on bottom. See the image explanation below.
 
height() = ascent() + descent() + 1
* [http://moky.cc/2015/01/19/Qt%E5%AD%97%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97/ Qt 字体大小的计算]
* [http://blog.csdn.net/cloud_castle/article/details/44018679 Qt5官方demo解析集36——Wiggly Example]
* http://qtdebug.com/Paint-Base.html Chinese characters (e.g. 太极) can be shown on Qt widget too.
* [http://openhome.cc/Gossip/Qt3Gossip/QPainter2.html QPainter 類別 - 文字繪製]
 
== Control the application font (and size) ==
[http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17320263/qt-fonts-have-different-sizes-on-different-systems Qt fonts have different sizes on different systems]
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
QFont _Font("Tahoma", 9);
QApplication::setFont(_Font);
</syntaxhighlight>
 
== Resource file ==
=== Create a resource file ===
For example, if we want to include an image as a background for QTextEdit, then we can do put the following in <main.cpp>
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
#include <QtGui>
 
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
 
    QTextEdit* edit = new QTextEdit();
    edit->setWindowTitle("QTextEdit Background Image");
 
    edit->setStyleSheet("background-image: url(:/image/cherryblossom_pink.jpg)");
 
    // the following 4 lines are playing with font     
    edit->setTextColor(QColor("white"));
    edit->setFont (QFont ("Courier", 20));
    edit->setText("Can you see me?");
    edit->setGeometry(100,100, 480, 272);
 
    edit->show();
    return app.exec();
}
</syntaxhighlight>
The image file <cherryblossom_pink.jpg> can be (not necessary) in the source directory.
 
To add a resource file
# right click project name and choose 'add new'
# choose 'Qt resource file'. Enter 'resource' for the resource file name (Qt will add .qrc as ext name)
# click 'Add Prefix'. Type '/image' for instance.
# click 'Add file'. It will open a file explorer for us to browse files we want.
# We can refer to this image file by adding colon, prefix and file name such as the above example.
 
The image file will part of executable file. We can access the file at run time. We can add any files in the resource file. The prefix mechanism is just a way to organize these files when we want to refer them in our code.
 
If the image is used as an icon, we can do like [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qicon.html here]
<pre>
QIcon(":/image/simple-triangle.jpg")
</pre>
 
=== Re-compile resource file ===
If some files in the resource got changed, it won't be reflected on the next project build.
 
To fix the problem, we can open the qrc file in a text editor (Or right select the qrc file in Qt Creator -> Open with -> Plain Text Editor) and do a non-functional change. Save and then rebuild the project. See [http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/30443-Can-re-complie-resource-automatically-in-Creator-131 this post].
 
== Search files in a directory (QDir and QStringList) ==
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qdir.html QDir]
* [http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qstringlist.html QStringList]
<pre>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QtDebug>
int main(int argv, char **args)
{
  QApplication app(argv, args);
 
  QStringList nameFilter("*.fastq");
  QDir directory("/home/brb/Anders2013small");
  QStringList files = directory.entryList(nameFilter);
  for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); ++i)
      qDebug() << files.at(i) ;
 
  return app.exec();
}
</pre>
 
== QTimer, QBasicTimer, QObject::timerEvent(QTimerEvent * event) ==
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/timers.html Timer]
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qtimer.html QTimer]. The example is from [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pHc7siV2Ads VoidRealms] in Youtube.
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// main.cpp
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include "mytimer.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    MyTimer mTimer;
    return a.exec();
}
 
// mytimer.cpp
#include "mytimer.h"
#include <QtCore>
#include <QDebug>
MyTimer::MyTimer()
{
    timer = new QTimer(this);
    connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(MySlot()));
    timer->start(1000);
}
 
void MyTimer::MySlot()
{
    qDebug() << "Timer executed"; // print out every 1 second
}
</syntaxhighlight>
* [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qbasictimer.html QBasicTimer] and [http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qt-widgets-wiggly-example.html Wiggly example]
 
Wiggly example
<syntaxhighlight lang='cpp'>
// wigglywidget.cpp
WigglyWidget::WigglyWidget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    ...
    timer.start(60, this); // every 60 milliseconds
}
 
void WigglyWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent * /* event */)
{
 
}
 
void WigglyWidget::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event)
{
    if (event->timerId() == timer.timerId()) {
        ++step;
        update(); // update the widget
    } else {
QWidget::timerEvent(event);
    }   
}
 
// dialog.cpp
Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent, bool smallScreen)
    : QDialog(parent)
{
    WigglyWidget *wigglyWidget = new WigglyWidget;
    ...
    connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(QString)),
            wigglyWidget, SLOT(setText(QString)));
    ...
}
</syntaxhighlight>
 
== QRegExp ==
<pre>
#include <QApplication>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QRegExp>
#include <QDebug>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  QString str;
  str = QString("-o Serum") ;
  QStringList strlist;
  strlist = str.split(" ");
  QRegExp rx("Ser");
  foreach (const QString &str, strlist) {
      qDebug() << "str " << str ;
      qDebug() << "indexIn " << rx.indexIn(str);
        }
  qDebug() << "strlist.indexOf('Serum')" << strlist.indexOf("Serum");
 
  if (strlist.indexOf("-p") < 0 && strlist.indexOf("--num-threads")) strlist << "-p 5";
  foreach (const QString &str, strlist) {
      qDebug() << str ;
        }
  qDebug() << strlist.join(" ");
}
</pre>
gives an output
<pre>
str  "-o"
indexIn  -1
str  "Serum"
indexIn  0
strlist.indexOf('Serum') 1
"-o"
"Serum"
"-p 5"
"-o Serum -p 5"
</pre>
 
== Query number of threads in CPU ==
<pre>
#include <QThread>
....
qDebug() << QThread::idealThreadCount();
</pre>
 
== Sockets ==
Some application examples
* Sending images (FQD, Chapter 14)
* Trip planner (C++GUIQt4, Chapter 15)
* (TBQt4, Chapter 11.5)
* (DesignPatters, not covering)
* (AQtPr, not covering)
* Trip palnner
 
== Request sudo password/Authentication ==
Below are screenshots of the GUI how Ubuntu requests the password from users.
 
[[File:SoftwareUpdate.png|250px]] [[File:SoftwareUpdate2.png|200px]]
 
[[File:UserSettings.png|250px]]
 
Note the the 3rd icon is available in /usr/share/icons/Humanity/apps/48/stock_keyring.svg (at least Ubuntu 14.04).
 
In Ubuntu OS, a simple way to create a dialog is by using the [https://help.gnome.org/users/zenity/stable/ Zenity] command (pre-installed in Ubuntu). See [http://www.howtogeek.com/107537/how-to-make-simple-graphical-shell-scripts-with-zenity-on-linux/ howtogeek].
 
== Qt Graphics, Display ==
[http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/09/19/qt-graphics-with-multiple-displays-on-embedded-linux/ Qt Graphics with Multiple Displays on Embedded Linux]. It discusses '''eglfs''', '''Wayland''' and X11.
 
[https://blog.qt.io/blog/2017/05/03/qt-git-tinkerboard-wayland/ Qt from git on the Tinkerboard (with Wayland)]. Ignore X11 and focus on running Qt applications via '''eglfs''' with the DRM/KMS backend.
 
== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unity_%28user_interface%29 Unity] style global menubar ==
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopExperienceTeam/ApplicationMenu
 
== PDF ==
[http://blog.qt.io/blog/2017/01/30/new-qtpdf-qtlabs-module/ New QtLabs PDF module]. '''PDFium''' the open-source PDF rendering engine which is used for viewing PDFs in Chromium is available.
 
== Serialization ==
[http://blog.qt.io/blog/2018/05/31/serialization-in-and-with-qt/ Serialization in and with Qt]
 
= SourceForge =
https://sourceforge.net/directory/os:linux/?q=Qt
 
= Qt-Apps.org =
http://qt-apps.org/ is a good source to find open source projects based on Qt.
 
== Graphics ==
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Picture+Wall?content=106101 Picture Wall]
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/At+will+transformations+example?content=133531 2d transformation] (works, but kind of simple ...)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Painter?content=134450 EasyPaint] (Poland langauge)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Boat+Scenario?content=115827 Boat scenario] (cannot compile)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QDiagram?content=91521 Q diagram] (cannot compile)
 
== Scientific ==
* http://qtdebug.com/Paint-RealTime-Curve.html 实时动态曲线 (DIY)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Unipro+UGENE?content=92171 Unipro UGENE] (cannot compile)
* [http://freecode.com/projects/veusz Veusz] which depends python2, PyQt (Qt4, SIP) and numpy.
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/arrowmatcher?content=144151 arrowmatcher] (not English)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QtiPlot?content=58947 QtiPlot] (require Python)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/MIFit?content=134846 MIFit] (require Python)
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Tulip?content=124170 Tulip] (no .pro file, use 'make')
 
== Sound Application ==
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/Virtual+MIDI+Piano+Keyboard?content=88233 Virtual Midi Piano]
 
== Qt Widget ==
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/AnalogWidgets?content=87780 AnalogWidgets] It builds on my Beaglebone black after I edit the file <Flags.pri> to remove lines containing "-march=core2" and "-mfpmath=sse". Just run 'qmake' and 'make' and it'll build successfully. The only problem is the BBB's screen is too small so I have to kill it from another way.
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/VirtualKeyboard?content=107388 Virtual keyboard]
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/ImageCropper?content=160534 Image cropper]
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QProgressIndicator?content=115762 QProgressIndicator]
* [http://qt-apps.org/content/show.php/QProg?content=75108 QProg]
 
= Qt games =
* http://qt-project.org/wiki/Qt_Based_Games
* [http://www.zetcode.com/gui/qt4/breakoutgame/ Breakout game]
* [https://github.com/xiaoyong/2048-Qt 2048-Qt]
* [https://sourceforge.net/projects/jag-game/  JAG - Just Another Game] Qt-based 2d Match-Three Game
 
= Webkit Browser =
* http://www.linuxuser.co.uk/tutorials/build-a-webkit-browser
 
= RTOS =
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/02/09/qt-5-5-1-for-vxworks-7-released/
 
= Trouble Shooting =
== Application crashed ==
On Qt Creator, we will get a message 'The program has unexpectedly finished'.


= Webkit Browser =
On a terminal, we will get a message 'Segmentation fault (core dumped)'.
* http://www.linuxuser.co.uk/tutorials/build-a-webkit-browser


= RTOS =
Some hints:
* http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/02/09/qt-5-5-1-for-vxworks-7-released/
* http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20199873/segmentation-fault-core-dumped-in-qt5-application


= Trouble Shooting =
== Linker error: undefined reference to vtable for  ==
== Linker error: undefined reference to vtable for  ==
Rerun qmake command. See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2555816/qt-linker-error-undefined-reference-to-vtable/3650758#3650758
Rerun qmake command. See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2555816/qt-linker-error-undefined-reference-to-vtable/3650758#3650758

Latest revision as of 16:16, 29 February 2020

Official (new) website

Wiki

Documentation, Examples, Demos

Qt 4.8

Qt 5

Transition of code from Qt 4.x to 5.x

To resolve the error invalid use of incomplete type 'class QWidget' or QApplication: No such file or directory ... when compiling the code was written based on Qt 4.

In summary, we need to add the following line to .pro file (Don't understand why qmake from Qt5 cannot automatic do it for us) 

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

and change all instances of 

#include <QtGui>

to 

#include <QtGlobal>
#if QT_VERSION >= 0x050000
#include <QtWidgets>
#else
#include <QtGui>
#endif

What's new in Qt 5

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Qt_releases

5.0

  • Improved support for Javascript and QML
  • Mobile
  • Amazing Graphics Capability and Performance
  • Qt Quick (qml application)
  • HTML5
  • Multimedia (qml)

5.1 What's New in Qt 5.1

  • Qt for Android, Qt for iOS
  • Qt Quick Controls, Qt Quick Layouts, Qt Quick Dialogs, Qt Sensors, Qt Serial Port

5.2 What's New in Qt 5.2

  • Qt Android Extras
  • Qt Bluetooth
  • Qt Mac Extras
  • Qt NFC
  • Qt Positioning
  • Qt Windows Extras

5.3 What's New in Qt 5.3

  • Enginio - A client-side library for Qt Cloud Services.
  • Qt WebSockets
  • WinRT

5.4 What's New in Qt 5.4

  • Qt WebChannel
  • Qt WebEngine
  • Qt WebEngine Widgets
  • Qt Platform Headers

5.5 What's New in Qt 5.5

  • New Modules
    • Qt 3D
    • Qt Location
  • New Featrues
    • Qt Bluetooth
    • Qt Multimedia
    • Qt NFC
    • Qt QML, Quick, Quick Controls, WebEngine, Webview
    • Discussion in UDOO
> ex4  # C:\Qt\4.8.6\examples
 [1] "activeqt"     "animation"    "dbus"         "declarative"  "designer"     "desktop"      "dialogs"      "draganddrop"  "effects"     
[10] "gestures"     "graphicsview" "help"         "helper"       "ipc"          "itemviews"    "ja_JP"        "layouts"      "linguist"    
[19] "mainwindows"  "multimedia"   "network"      "opengl"       "openvg"       "painting"     "phonon"       "qmake"        "qtconcurrent"
[28] "qtestlib"     "qws"          "richtext"     "script"       "sql"          "statemachine" "threads"      "tools"        "touch"       
[37] "tutorials"    "uitools"      "webkit"       "widgets"      "xml"          "xmlpatterns" 
> ex5  # C:\Qt\Examples\Qt-5.4
 [1] "activeqt"          "aggregate"         "androidextras"     "assistant"         "bluetooth"         "corelib"          
 [7] "dbus"              "declarative"       "designer"          "embedded"          "enginio"           "gui"              
[13] "help"              "linguist"          "location"          "macextras"         "multimedia"        "multimediawidgets"
[19] "network"           "nfc"               "opengl"            "positioning"       "qmake"             "qml"              
[25] "qmltest"           "qpa"               "qtconcurrent"      "qtestlib"          "quick"             "script"           
[31] "sensors"           "serialport"        "sql"               "svg"               "touch"             "uitools"          
[37] "wayland"           "webchannel"        "webengine"         "webenginewidgets"  "webkit"            "webkitqml"        
[43] "webkitwidgets"     "websockets"        "widgets"           "winextras"         "xml"               "xmlpatterns"      
> setdiff(ex5, ex4)
 [1] "aggregate"         "androidextras"     "assistant"         "bluetooth"         "corelib"           "embedded"         
 [7] "enginio"           "gui"               "location"          "macextras"         "multimediawidgets" "nfc"              
[13] "positioning"       "qml"               "qmltest"           "qpa"               "quick"             "sensors"          
[19] "serialport"        "svg"               "wayland"           "webchannel"        "webengine"         "webenginewidgets" 
[25] "webkitqml"         "webkitwidgets"     "websockets"        "winextras"

LTS/Long term support

http://blog.qt.io/blog/2015/12/18/introducing-long-term-support/

5.6, 5.7 and 5.8

Qt Charts, Data Visualization, and more

Handwriting recognition

http://blog.qt.io/blog/2016/03/02/qt-virtual-keyboard-updated-with-handwriting-recognition/

Boot to Device (Qt 5.7)

Qt 3D (Qt 5.7)

Introducing Qt 3D

Qt Lite (Qt 5.8)

http://blog.qt.io/blog/2017/05/31/qt-lite-qt-5-9-lts/

Qbs

Download open source Qt

https://www.qt.io/download-open-source/

Qt Installer Framework

https://doc.qt.io/qtinstallerframework/index.html

Developer Page

Forum

World Summit

https://www.qt.io/qtws-videos/

Qt Tutorial

Books

Code snippets

http://qt-project.org/wiki/Category:Snippets

Uses

List of Qt Applications

Binding with different languages

http://qt-project.org/wiki/Category:LanguageBindings

Mobile Applications

Install precompiled binary Qt on Windows

http://download.qt.io/official_releases/ (this does not go through the normal download process)

For example, the source code for 5.0.1 can be downloaded from http://download.qt-project.org/official_releases/qt/5.0/5.0.1/single/

Qt 4.8.5 based on MinGW binary

Got an error of 'Only versions with W32API 3.13 are supported'. See https://bugreports.qt-project.org/browse/QTBUG-26137. I am using MinGW-get-setup.exe to install MinGW. The gcc version is 4.7.2-1.

Some suggestions are to install old versions of GCC. http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/22352 and http://wiki.qt.io/MinGW.

Download gcc 4.4.0 (mingw-gcc440_1.zip) from search google. Just unzip it to C:\. There is no need to put 'C:\mingw\bin' in Windows environment variable PATH. At the end, we will have a new folder C:\mingw.

Although Qt can be installed without any errors, when I try some examples, some of them will give an error "The program has unexpectedly finished". Update: the error was caused by previous build residue. Just delete the build directory (Debug/Release) and re-build again. Things works well. However, remember the executable file can only be run through Qt Creator. It does not work by just double clicking the executable file.

The order of installation is

  1. mingw
  2. Qt library
  3. Qt creator

Qt 4.8.6 based on MinGW binary

During installation, the Qt installer will give a link to download MinGW. That is, we can take a break during the Qt installation to download & install MinGW.

Note that the Qt Creator was not included in the Qt installer. We have to download/install it separately. We actually also need to go to Qt Creator > Tools > Options to add compiler and Qt from 'Build & Run' menu.

The first screen shows one dialog in Qt installation and the 2nd one displays the Qt programs under Windows Start menu.

QtOpenSourceMinGW.png Qt486MinGW.png

Qt 5.5.1 based on MinGW binary

The default installation location is C:\Qt\Qt5.5.1. The installer will let users to select components to install. We need to manually check Qt -> Tools -> MinGW 4.9.2. The Qt Creator version is 3.5.1. I am testing it on Windows 10. It takes a while to install all components.

Note that the application created by this precompiled Qt still depend on the Qt environment. If we try to run an application created by this Qt environment in another machine, we will get an error like The program cannot start because Qt5Core.dll is missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem..

Check out http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/windows-building.html for building Qt 5 from source.

If we take a look at Windows Start menu, we see 'Qt5.5.1' with Assistant, Designer, Linguist, Qt 5.5 for Desktop (command prompt), and Qt Creator.

The Qt can be uninstall from Settings -> System -> Apps & features on Windows 10.

Qt 5.1.1 based on MSVC

I try Qt 5.1.1 for Windows 32bit (VS 2010, OpenGL 504 MB) on my Windows 7 + VS 2010. The <fancybrowser> works fine.

Note that after I install it to "C:\Qt\5.1.1" directory, I will get the following sub-directories "5.1.1" (another one), "Licenses", "Tools", "vcredist" with a few files. The <Qt Creator> cannot be unselect in installation and it is located under "Tools" folder.

How to Build static Qt on Windows

General resource:

Why do we need to

Using the VS2010 version of Qt to build an app has a problem when it is time to distribute the application. In my first example of GUI with button & label, I need to put the following 7 dll files in the same exe directory in order to run the exe file from Windows Command Prompt instead of Qt Creator.

  • icudt49.dll (17MB)
  • icuin49.dll (1.3MB)
  • icuuc49.dll (1MB)
  • Qt5Cored.dll (7MB)
  • Qt5Guid.dll (5.5MB)
  • Qt5Widgets.dll (4MB)
  • Qt5Widgetsd.dll (7.5MB)

Google: how to reploy application on windows, how to build qt contains all dll static on windows

My experience based on Qt 4.x.x

MSVC 2010

  • http://wiki.qt.io/Build_Standalone_Qt_Application_for_Windows (How to build a static version of Qt and a static application)
  • Download and install Perl (no need for python and ruby unless we want WebKit).
  • Unzip source file in zip format and put it under C:\Qt
  • Rename C:\Qt\qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6 to C:\Qt\4.8.6
  • Open c:\Qt\4.8.4\mkspecs\win32-msvc2010\qmake.conf and replace 
QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE = -O2 -MD
QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE_WITH_DEBUGINFO += -O2 -MD -Zi
QMAKE_CFLAGS_DEBUG = -Zi -MDd

with 

QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE = -O2 -MT
QMAKE_CFLAGS_RELEASE_WITH_DEBUGINFO += -O2 -MT -Zi
QMAKE_CFLAGS_DEBUG = -Zi -MTd

according to the page

  • Change PATH variable and add C:\Qt\4.8.4\bin
  • Open Visual Studio command prompt from Windows Start menu and
cd C:\Qt\4.8.6
configure -platform win32-msvc2010 -static -opensource -debug-and-release
nmake sub-src

The build time is 1 hour 15 min on a VirtualBox virtual machine running Xeon @3.2GHz (1cpu is allocated & 2.5GB memory).

If we need to reconfigure, run make confclean and configure. Some guide also includes '-release' option.

See here when we want to build both release and debug mode applications. If we just specify '-release' in the configure line, we will not be able to create debug program although I still do not know how to use debug program in Qt creator with MSVC.

For mingw, we need to use 'mingw32-make' instead of 'make' or 'nmake'. See Building Qt Desktop for Windows with MinGW.

MSVCP90.dll or MSVCP100.dll is missing

or MSVCR100.dll is missing. See

To build the Qt project as a standalone executable file run qmake and nmake. After that you should execute mt.exe to embed a manifest inside the application to avoid error such as missing MSVCP90.dll when the application is started on other computers. 

qmake Hello.pro
nmake release
cd release
mt.exe -manifest Hello.exe.manifest -outputresource: Hello.exe

The following screenshot from the Dependence Walker shows 4 dll files required in the 'qheatmap.exe' program when the program was built from MinGW's Qt on Windows OS. The 2nd screenshot shows the same program but created using VS2010's Qt with static build.

Dependswalker.png Dependswalker2.png

MinGW

Download and install MinGW-gcc440_1 & ActivePerl.

C:\Perl64\site\bin, C:\Perl64\bin (these 2 were added by ActivePerl installer by default), C:\mingw\bin and C:\Qt\4.8.5-src should be put in the PATH variable.

I have successfully built Qt using MinGW. 

configure 
mingw32-make

When I try to run my program (either Debug or Release version), I get an error The program can't start because QtCore4.dll is missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem.. Reboot?

For Qheatmap application, we still need to copy 2 dll files: mingwm10.dll(11 KB) and libgcc_s_dw2-1.dll(43 KB) from C:\mingw\bin folder to the same folder as Qheatmap.exe. These 2 files were also mentioned in Building Qt Desktop for Windows with MinGW.

See also

My experience based on Qt 5.x.x

  • See the instruction on Git
  • The directory structure in Qt 5 is quite different from Qt 4. For example, \bin directory is now under \qtbase directory not under the root directory.
  • read ReadME file to download Perl, Python and Ruby. Make sure the executable path in in PATH env variable.
  • Download/Install Windows SDK 7.1 (for Windows 7) or 8 (for Windows 8).
  • OpenGL (NOT optional): DirectX SDK The 6/7/2010 version is about 572MB. This will be installed to C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft DirectX SDK(June 2010) directory. (The precompiled Qt is built against ANGLE which provides OpenGL ES 2.0 support. ANGLE allows Windows users to run OpenGL ES 2.0 content by translating OpenGL ES 2.0 API calls to DirectX 9 API calls) I actually got an error of Error code S1023 when I installed DirectX SDK. See the solution here/Basically uninstall x86 & x64 VC2010 Redistr and install DirectX SDK and then re-install x86 & x64 VC2010 Redistr.
  • modify mkspecs by searching qmake.conf. It was found in C:\Qt\qt-everwhere-opensource-src-5.1.1\qtbase\mkspecs\win32-msvc2010
  • run the following
cd c:\qt\5.1.1-src
set PATH=C:\QT\5.1.1-src\qtbase\bin;C:\qt\5.1.1-src\gnuwin32\bin;%PATH%
set QMAKESPEC=win32-msvc2010

configure -debug-and-release -static -opensource -opengl desktop -nomake examples -nomake tests

jom

It works when I tested qtbase\examples\widgets\painting.

MSVC 2013 Express + Qt 5.5.1

Download and install (not have to be in this order). Make sure the binary path is added to the environment variable PATH.

  • SDK for windows 10: default C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\. It installs several components including .NET framework 4.6 software development kit, Debugging Tools, Performance Tools, et al. Since the installer is not offline, it is extremely slow to install. No offline version for Windows 10. ISO is available only for Win7.
  • Ruby: default C:\Ruby22-x64\
  • Python: default C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32
  • Perl: default C:\Perl64\
  • Visual Studio 2013 Express C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\

After that, follow the instruction on http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/windows-building.html to set the environment variables.

  1. the architecture on the 'CALL' line should be x86_amd64 since it is the only folder name found under C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\bin folder.
  2. As mentioned in http://josuegomes.blogspot.com/2013/05/building-qt5-with-mingw.html, we need to create a blank file .gitignore under qtbase\ directory. That is, running a command like "notepad qtbase\.gitignore". Otherwise, it will complain configure.exe is not recognized as an internal or external command.
  3. I directly go to qtbase directory and run
configure -release -confirm-license -static -nomake examples -opensource
nmake

The output of running 'configure' can be found on my gist page.

The cmd file used to set up the environment variables looks like 

CALL "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\vcvarsall.bat" x86_amd64
SET _ROOT=C:\qt\qt-everywhere-5.5.1
SET PATH=%_ROOT%\qtbase\bin;%_ROOT%\gnuwin32\bin;%PATH%
REM Uncomment the below line when using a git checkout of the source repository
REM SET PATH=%_ROOT%\qtrepotools\bin;%PATH%
SET QMAKESPEC=win32-msvc2013
SET _ROOT=

Note: If you later need to reconfigure and rebuild Qt from the same location, ensure that all traces of the previous configuration are removed by entering the build directory and typing nmake distclean before running configure again.

The jom program does not need to be installed. I just download the zip file and extract it to my Download folder. Then I added C:\Users\brb\Downloads\jom_1_1_0 to PATH variable.

In my case I have installed Pre-compiled MinGW version of Qt and now the self-compiled MSVC version of Qt. When using the Qt creator to create a new Kit based on the self-compiled Qt + MSVC, it is essential to make sure the C++ compiler is from MSVC.

A simple QWidget application will be taking about 13MB in size when the application was built statically.

Build Webkit

Try on Qt 5.1.1 

set PATH=%PATH%;C:\icu\bin64
set INCLUDE=%INCLUDE%;C:\icu\include
set LIB=%LIB%;C:\icu\lib64

perl qtwebkit\Tools\Scripts\build-webkit --qt --release --minimal

The WebKit build was disabled for the following reasons:
    * ICU is required. To build QtWebKit with Qt 5 you need to build Qt 5 with l
ibICU support. Check for ICU support being mentioned in qtbase/config.summary.
  • The static build of WebKit is not successful when I use qt source code. I get the message "Project ERROR: WebKit requires SQLite. Either make it available via pkg-config, set $SQLITE3SRCDIR or build Webkit under qt5.git."
# Open Qt command prompt from Windows Start
cd c:\qt\5.1.1\5.1.1\Src\qtwebkit\
perl Tools\Scripts\build-webkit --qt --release --minimal
  • The static build of WebKit is not successful when I use SVN version. I get the message "Failed to set up build environment using SQLite. Either make it available via pkg-config, set $SQLITE3SRCDIR or build WebKit under qt5.git."
  • Another try according to stackoverflow. First of all, we still need to follow the build instruction for QtWebKit build on Windows to install GNU tools and setup PATH. Open a QT command prompt (The Qt was not from source code but from MSVC binary) and
cd C:\qt\5.1.1\5.1.1\src\qtwebkit
qmake

Open another VS 2010 command prompt and 

set PATH=%PATH%;C:\icu\bin64
set INCLUDE=%INCLUDE%;C:\icu\include
set LIB=%LIB%;C:\icu\lib64
SET SQLITE3SRCDIR=C:\qt\5.1.1\5.1.1\src\qtbase\src\3rdparty\sqlite
cd C:\qt\5.1.1\5.1.1\src\qtwebkit
nmake

Still get errors "LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _u_charType_51 JavaScriptCore.lib(Lexer.obj)" as reported by this case. This is a good reference.

Build script

http://wohlsoft.ru/pgewiki/Building_static_Qt_5#Configure

Install Qt on Ubuntu

ArchWiki is useful; see https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Qt.

https://wiki.qt.io/Building_Qt_for_Linux

http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/x/qt5.html

It is also necessary to follow http://wiki.qt.io/Install_Qt_5_on_Ubuntu to install g++ and OpenGL libraries. Note the last one is what I added to resolve the error of cannot finding -lGL; check Compile Qt 4.7 on Ubuntu 10.10. 

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev

If Qt Creator was installed (eg from binary installer of Qt 5.1.0), then it can be launched by 

~/Qt5.1.0/Tools/QtCreator/bin/qtcreator

Build Qt5 from source

Note:

  1. If Qt is built from source, the release version of executable created by this Qt will be automatically static; there is no need to modify .pro file.
  2. Over 30GB disk space will be used after running 'make' command on Qt 5.5.0 or Qt 5.7.0. It is safe to allocate at least 50 (20+30) or, say 80GB for the disk space (after installing Linux the available space under / may be only 67GB).
  3. If we follow the instruction on Building Qt 5 from Git to run the command sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default, we will get an error message E: You must put some 'source' URIs in your sources.list. To fix the problem, edit the file </etc/apt/sources.list> and uncomment the lines starts with deb-src. Then run sudo apt-get update before calling sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default. The whole reason is the sources.list file contains only binary URIs, but you need source URIs for build-dep to work.
  4. On Intel Core2Duo E8400 @3.0GHz (2-core) with 2768MB RAM , it took 223m to run make -j2 with Qt 5.7.0. sudo make install took < 1m. The disk space took by qt-everywhere-opensource-5.7.0 is 25GB. The partition /dev/sda1 is reduced from 47GB to 15GB.
  5. A static build of Qt applicatio has to be open source. For commercial development, we have to purchase the commercial license. See here.
  6. When we create a static & released executable (barcharts, 233MB) in Ubuntu 14.04 and move it to another machine (Ubuntu 14.04 or Ubuntu 16.04) to run, we get errors (recall that we can use ldd barcharts | grep 'not found' to find out what libraries are missing in the target OS)
    • error while loading shared libraries: libxcb-xinerama.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory. The reason is Libxcb is now the default window-system backend for platforms based on X11/Xorg. This seems strange. But if the target computer is Ubuntu 14.04, we can solve the problem by running sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0-dev.
    • error while loading shared libraries: libicui18n.so.52: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory. Try to install WebKit related package libicu-dev. Not help. See here. However, libicu52 is not available in xenial (Ubuntu 16.04). Xenial has libicui18n.so.55, however. See this post. Use ldd ./barcharts to see all dynamic loading libraries.
brb@xenial:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:	16.04
Codename:	xenial
brb@xenial:~$ ldd barchart  | grep 'not found'
	libicui18n.so.52 => not found
	libicuuc.so.52 => not found
brb@xenial:~$ ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5226788 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      18 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so -> libicui18n.so.55.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      18 Apr 24 08:11 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so.55 -> libicui18n.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2496856 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   84606 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.so -> libicuio.so.55.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Apr 24 08:11 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.so.55 -> libicuio.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   55304 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuio.so.55.1
brb@xenial:~$ ls -l /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2907296 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so -> libicuuc.so.55.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16 Apr 24 08:11 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so.55 -> libicuuc.so.55.1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1636360 Jan 21 16:19 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so.55.1

The source code for Qt 5 can be obtained from (Not tested this approach to get the source code) 

git clone git://code.qt.io/qt/qt5.git
cd qt5
git checkout 5.5

Note that for Qt 4 the source code can be obtained 

git clone git://code.qt.io/qt/qt.git
cd qt

To install the requirements 

# Modify /etc/apt/sources.list to uncomment lines starting with deb-src
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default # get an error on ubuntu 14.04 & 16.04. This line is not required.

# build essential
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential perl python git

# Libxcb
sudo apt-get install -y "^libxcb.*" libx11-xcb-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libxrender-dev libxi-dev

# Webkit
sudo apt-get install -y flex bison gperf libicu-dev libxslt-dev ruby

# WebEngine
sudo apt-get install -y libssl-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev libfontconfig1-dev

# Additional dependencies on Ubuntu 14.04
sudo apt-get install -y libcap-dev libbz2-dev libgcrypt11-dev libpci-dev libnss3-dev libxcursor-dev \
   libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev libdrm-dev libfontconfig1-dev libxtst-dev \
   libcups2-dev libpulse-dev libudev-dev 

# Multimedia
sudo apt-get install -y libasound2-dev libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev

To build Qt (I added -static option so the Qt build is static. Maybe useful to consider -openssl-linked option to enabled linked OpenSSL support. Use './configure -h' to see a full list of options and Qt Configure Options page) 

# Open browser to http://download.qt.io/official_releases/qt/5.5/5.5.0/single/
wget http://qt.mirror.constant.com/archive/qt/5.5/5.5.0/single/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0.tar.xz
tar --xz -xvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0.tar.xz 
cd qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0/

./configure -developer-build -opensource -confirm-license -static -nomake examples -nomake tests
time make -j4
# 190 minutes on Xeon w/ 2.5G mem, 76 min w/ 4G mem, 16 min w/ 64G mem and 12 cores.
# No need to run 'sudo make install' to install according to the ./configure output or the doc

The result of the build 

brb@brb-VirtualBox:~/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0$ ls
configure                   qtconnectivity      qtsvg
configure.bat               qtdeclarative       qttools
gnuwin32                    qtdoc               qttranslations
LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt          qtenginio           qtwayland
LICENSE.FDL                 qtgraphicaleffects  qtwebchannel
LICENSE.GPLv2               qtimageformats      qtwebengine
LICENSE.LGPLv21             qtlocation          qtwebkit
LICENSE.LGPLv3              qtmacextras         qtwebkit-examples
LICENSE.PREVIEW.COMMERCIAL  qtmultimedia        qtwebsockets
Makefile                    qt.pro              qtwinextras
qt3d                        qtquick1            qtx11extras
qtactiveqt                  qtquickcontrols     qtxmlpatterns
qtandroidextras             qtscript            README
qtbase                      qtsensors
qtcanvas3d                  qtserialport
brb@brb-VirtualBox:~/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0$ ls qtbase
bin             header.BSD         LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt          qmake
config.status   header.FDL         lib                         qml
config.summary  header.LGPL21      LICENSE.FDL                 qtbase.pro
config.tests    header.LGPL3       LICENSE.LGPLv21             src
configure       header.LGPL3-COMM  LICENSE.LGPLv3              sync.profile
configure.bat   header.LGPL-ONLY   LICENSE.PREVIEW.COMMERCIAL  tests
dist            imports            Makefile                    tools
doc             include            mkspecs                     translations
examples        INSTALL            plugins                     util
brb@brb-VirtualBox:~/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0$ ls qtbase/bin
assistant             qdbus           qml1plugindump    qmlviewer
designer              qdbuscpp2xml    qmleasing         qt.conf
fixqt4headers.pl      qdbusviewer     qmlimportscanner  qtdiag
lconvert              qdbusxml2cpp    qmljs             qtpaths
linguist              qdoc            qmllint           qtplugininfo
lrelease              qhelpconverter  qmlmin            rcc
lupdate               qhelpgenerator  qmlplugindump     syncqt.pl
moc                   qlalr           qmlprofiler       uic
pixeltool             qmake           qmlscene          xmlpatterns
qcollectiongenerator  qml             qmltestrunner     xmlpatternsvalidator

Qt 5 ./configure

./configure full list

full list

./configure output

See here for the output of configure from Qt 5.7.0 with -openssl-linked option. 

brb@brb-VirtualBox:~/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0$ ./configure -developer-build -opensource -static -nomake examples -nomake tests
+ cd qtbase
+ /home/brb/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0/qtbase/configure -top-level -developer-build -opensource -static -nomake examples -nomake tests

This is the Qt Open Source Edition.

You are licensed to use this software under the terms of
the Lesser GNU General Public License (LGPL) versions 2.1.
You are also licensed to use this software under the terms of
the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) versions 3.

Type '3' to view the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3.
Type 'L' to view the Lesser GNU General Public License version 2.1.
Type 'yes' to accept this license offer.
Type 'no' to decline this license offer.

Do you accept the terms of either license? yes

Creating qmake...
........................................................................................Done.
Running configuration tests...

WARNING: Using static linking will disable the WebKit module.


   Configure summary

Build type:    linux-g++ (x86_64, CPU features: mmx sse sse2)
Platform notes:

            - Also available for Linux: linux-kcc linux-icc linux-cxx
        
Build options:
  Configuration .......... accessibility accessibility-atspi-bridge alsa audio-backend avx avx2 c++11 clock-gettime clock-monotonic compile_examples concurrent cups dbus debug enable_new_dtags evdev eventfd fontconfig full-config getaddrinfo getifaddrs gif glib gstreamer-0.10 harfbuzz headersclean iconv icu inotify ipv6ifname jpeg large-config largefile libudev linuxfb medium-config minimal-config mremap nis opengl openssl pcre png posix_fallocate precompile_header private_tests pulseaudio qpa qpa reduce_exports reduce_relocations rpath small-config sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 static system-freetype system-png system-zlib use_gold_linker warnings_are_errors xcb xcb-glx xcb-plugin xcb-render xcb-xlib xinput2 xkbcommon-qt xlib xrender 
  Build parts ............ libs tools
  Mode ................... debug
  Using sanitizer(s)...... none
  Using C++11 ............ yes
  Using gold linker....... yes
  Using new DTAGS ........ yes
  Using PCH .............. yes
  Target compiler supports:
    SSE2/SSE3/SSSE3 ...... yes/yes/yes
    SSE4.1/SSE4.2 ........ yes/yes
    AVX/AVX2 ............. yes/yes

Qt modules and options:
  Qt D-Bus ............... yes (loading dbus-1 at runtime)
  Qt Concurrent .......... yes
  Qt GUI ................. yes
  Qt Widgets ............. yes
  Large File ............. yes
  QML debugging .......... yes
  Use system proxies ..... no

Support enabled for:
  Accessibility .......... yes
  ALSA ................... yes
  CUPS ................... yes
  Evdev .................. yes
  FontConfig ............. yes
  FreeType ............... yes (system library)
  Glib ................... yes
  GStreamer .............. yes (0.10)
  GTK theme .............. no
  HarfBuzz ............... yes (bundled copy)
  Iconv .................. yes
  ICU .................... yes
  Image formats: 
    GIF .................. yes (in QtGui, using bundled copy)
    JPEG ................. yes (in QtGui, using bundled copy)
    PNG .................. yes (in QtGui, using system library)
  journald ............... no
  libinput................ no
  mtdev .................. no
  Networking: 
    getaddrinfo .......... yes
    getifaddrs ........... yes
    IPv6 ifname .......... yes
    libproxy.............. no
    OpenSSL .............. yes (loading libraries at run-time)
  NIS .................... yes
  OpenGL / OpenVG: 
    EGL .................. no
    OpenGL ............... desktop
    OpenVG ............... no
  PCRE ................... yes (bundled copy)
  pkg-config ............. yes 
  PulseAudio ............. yes
  QPA backends: 
    DirectFB ............. no
    EGLFS ................ no
      EGLFS i.MX6....... . no
      EGLFS KMS .......... no
      EGLFS Mali ......... no
      EGLFS Raspberry Pi . no
      EGLFS X11 .......... no
    LinuxFB .............. yes
    XCB .................. yes (system library)
      EGL on X ........... no
      GLX ................ yes
      MIT-SHM ............ yes
      Xcb-Xlib ........... yes
      Xcursor ............ yes (loaded at runtime)
      Xfixes ............. yes (loaded at runtime)
      Xi ................. no
      Xi2 ................ yes
      Xinerama ........... yes (loaded at runtime)
      Xrandr ............. yes (loaded at runtime)
      Xrender ............ yes
      XKB ................ yes
      XShape ............. yes
      XSync .............. yes
      XVideo ............. yes
  Session management ..... yes
  SQL drivers: 
    DB2 .................. no
    InterBase ............ no
    MySQL ................ no
    OCI .................. no
    ODBC ................. no
    PostgreSQL ........... no
    SQLite 2 ............. no
    SQLite ............... yes (plugin, using bundled copy)
    TDS .................. no
  tslib .................. no
  udev ................... yes
  xkbcommon-x11........... yes (bundled copy, XKB config root: /usr/share/X11/xkb)
  xkbcommon-evdev......... no
  zlib ................... yes (system library)


WARNING: Using static linking will disable the use of dynamically
loaded plugins. Make sure to import all needed static plugins,
or compile needed modules into the library.
Info: creating super cache file /home/brb/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.5.0/.qmake.super

Qt is now configured for building. Just run 'make'.
Once everything is built, Qt is installed.
You should not run 'make install'.

Prior to reconfiguration, make sure you remove any leftovers from
the previous build.

-skip option to exclude submodules and -no- to exclude some features

./configure -prefix /usr/local/qt5-static/ -release -opensource -confirm-license -static -no-largefile -no-sql-mysql -no-sql-psql -no-sql-sqlite -no-journald -qt-zlib -no-mtdev -no-gif -qt-libpng -qt-libjpeg -qt-freetype -qt-harfbuzz -no-openssl -qt-pcre -qt-xcb -no-xinput2 -no-glib -no-egl -no-xcursor -no-xfixes -no-xrandr -no-xinerama -no-xinput -qt-xkbcommon-x11 -no-pulseaudio -no-alsa -no-gtkstyle -no-compile-examples -no-nis -no-cups -no-iconv -no-tslib -fontconfig -dbus-linked -qt-xcb -no-xcb-xlib -no-eglfs -no-directfb -no-linuxfb -no-kms -no-opengl -no-gstreamer -nomake examples -nomake tests -skip qtwebkit -skip qtwebsockets -skip qtwebkit-examples -skip qtwebchannel  -skip qtwebengine -skip qtwayland -skip qtwinextras -skip qtsvg -skip qtsensors -skip qtcanvas3d -skip qtconnectivity -skip declarative -skip multimedia -skip quick1 -no-audio-backend -no-xkbcommon-evdev -no-evdev -no-libproxy

Qt 5.x.x (offline + binary)

It is straight forward if we use the binary version installer instead of building from Qt source. Just use 'chmod +x' to make the downloaded file executable and then run the executable file. Note that the installer name may be changed from time to time. 

./qt-linux-opensource-5.1.1-x86_64-offline.run

It is still necessary to install opengl library by executing sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dev. Otherwise when we try to build an application requiring OPENGL, we will get an error 

GL/gl.h: No such file or directory

At the end, the qmake program is available under ~/Qt5.1.1/5.1.1/gcc_64/bin/qmake.

The Qt creator is bundled in the installer so we don't have to download it separately.

Q: How to resolve the error <QPrinter> no such file or directory in Qt 5? Ans: Add QT += printsupport according to http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/24668.

Q: How to resolve the error /home/brb/Qt5.1.1/5.1.1/gcc/include/QtCore/qobject.h:214: Error no type named 'Object' in 'struct QtPrivate::FunctionPointer<const char*>'

Q: How to uninstall Qt5 that I installed from .run? Ans: run MaintenanceTools program from Qt directory. See this post. A screenshot of the maintenance tool is given below,

Qt MaintenanceTool.png

Qt 5 online

(tested on 12/25/2014) By default, it will be installed on ~/Qt directory. We can choose what versions of Qt to install. The newest version is Qt 5.4 now. 

chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-1.6.0-7-online.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-1.6.0-7-online.run

(tested on 9/29/2015) By default, Qt5.5 will be installed to ~/Qt5.5.0 directory (or /opt/Qt5.5.0 if we use sudo to run the installer). It will install Qt 5.5 (Desktop gcc, Qt Quick Controls, Qt Script, Qt Canvas 3D, Qt WebEngine, Qt Quick 1, Qt3D, Qt Location and optional Source Components), Tools (Qt Creator) and Qt Extras (Qt WebView). In the 'Ready to install' dialog of the installation wizard, it shows the installation will use 803.99 MB of disk space. 

chmod u+x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.5.0-2.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.5.0-2.run

(tested on 6/19/2016). I installed Qt 5.7.0 to ~/Qt5.7.0 (default is ~/Qt and we cannot use an old directory). Some modules are selected by default. I also checked Qt Charts and Qt Data Visualization. For Tools part, it contains Qt Creator 4.0.2. Once the new Qt is installed, the old Qt (installed through online installer too) will be replaced by the new Qt in Qt Creator. See the screenshot below. 

chmod +x qt-unified-linux-x64-2.0.3-1-online.run
./qt-unified-linux-x64-2.0.3-1-online.run

Qtonlineinstaller.png Qt setup.png Qt creator options.png

Qt 4.8.x

configure full list

https://gist.github.com/arraytools/dc265aff8deb03fd43b28da866569789

build

Qt 4.x.x can be downloaded from the Qt archive. The latest version of 4.8 branch is 4.8.6. Strangely 4.8.7 is available to download too according to linuxfromscratch.

Method 1. Use apt-get install approach. See http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Qt-SDK-on-Ubuntu-Linux. This will install old version of qmake in the system. 

sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools

At the time of writing (tested on Linux Mint 15), the qmake is 4.5.2 (the Qt website offers 4.8.5).

Method 2. Manually compile it. First we download Linux/X11 one from qt-project.org (230MB). It is the same as the source code file. The INSTALL file points to http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/install-x11.html. We also need to do 'apt-get install libxext-dev' to resolve an error that 'basic XLib functionality test failed'. 

sudo apt-get install build-essential -y
sudo apt-get install mesa-common-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libglu1-mesa-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libxext-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

wget http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/4.8/4.8.6/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6.tar.gz
tar xzvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6.tar.gz
cd qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6
./configure -static -debug-and-release -nomake examples -nomake tests -opensource -confirm-license -openssl-linked
make -j3
sudo make install

Note that

  • the last step make install is required; if this is skipped, Qt Creator won't let you to add 4.8.6 as a Kit.
  • the directory 'qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6' is not useful anymore. It can be deleted to save space (7GB).
  • The arguments -nomake examples -nomake tests -opensource is used to save time. On my Odroid xu4, 'make -j7' took 45 minutes.
  • In my application, I also need to add -fontconfig option (provided libfontconfig1-dev package is installed).

At the end of "./configure", it shows 

Qt is now configured for building. Just run 'make'.
Once everything is built, you must run 'make install'.
Qt will be installed into /usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.8.6

To reconfigure, run 'make confclean' and 'configure'.

In .profile (if your shell is bash, ksh, zsh or sh), add the following lines: 

 PATH=/usr/local/Trolltech/Qt-4.8.6/bin:$PATH
 export PATH

If qt-creator was not found in the dash, we can find creator a desktop file and drag&drop it to the launcher. The icon for qt-creator can be found in /usr/share/app-install/icons/qtcreator.png.

Built-in Qt libraries on a fresh Ubuntu

On a fresh Ubuntu 14.04, it already contains several Qt 4 & Qt 5 libraries/modules (Ubuntu 12.04 contains Qt 4 but no Qt 5 libraries). So even the Qt was build with 'debug' mode and the application was created in 'debug' release, the executable can still be run on a fresh Ubuntu 14.04 system. 

brb@brb-T3500:~$ ls /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt*
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Core.so.5               /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Xml.so.5.2.1
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Core.so.5.2             /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtAssistantClient.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Core.so.5.2.1           /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtAssistantClient.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5DBus.so.5               /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtAssistantClient.so.4.8.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5DBus.so.5.2             /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCLucene.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5DBus.so.5.2.1           /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCLucene.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Feedback.so.5           /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCLucene.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Feedback.so.5.0         /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCore.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Feedback.so.5.0.0       /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCore.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Gui.so.5                /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtCore.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Gui.so.5.2              /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDBus.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Gui.so.5.2.1            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDBus.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Multimedia.so.5         /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDBus.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Multimedia.so.5.2       /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDeclarative.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Multimedia.so.5.2.1     /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDeclarative.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Network.so.5            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDeclarative.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Network.so.5.2          /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDesignerComponents.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Network.so.5.2.1        /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDesignerComponents.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5OpenGL.so.5             /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDesignerComponents.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5OpenGL.so.5.2           /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDesigner.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5OpenGL.so.5.2.1         /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDesigner.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Organizer.so.5          /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtDesigner.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Organizer.so.5.0        /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Organizer.so.5.0.0      /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Positioning.so.5        /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtGui.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Positioning.so.5.2      /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtHelp.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Positioning.so.5.2.1    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtHelp.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5PrintSupport.so.5       /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtHelp.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5PrintSupport.so.5.2     /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtNetwork.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5PrintSupport.so.5.2.1   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtNetwork.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Qml.so.5                /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtNetwork.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Qml.so.5.2              /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtOpenGL.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Qml.so.5.2.1            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtOpenGL.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Quick.so.5              /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtOpenGL.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Quick.so.5.2            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtScript.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Quick.so.5.2.1          /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtScript.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Sensors.so.5            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtScript.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Sensors.so.5.2          /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtScriptTools.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Sensors.so.5.2.1        /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtScriptTools.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Sql.so.5                /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtScriptTools.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Sql.so.5.2              /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtSql.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Sql.so.5.2.1            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtSql.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Svg.so.5                /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtSql.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Svg.so.5.2              /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtSvg.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Svg.so.5.2.1            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtSvg.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Test.so.5               /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtSvg.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Test.so.5.2             /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtTest.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Test.so.5.2.1           /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtTest.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5WebKit.so.5             /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtTest.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5WebKit.so.5.1           /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtWebKit.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5WebKit.so.5.1.1         /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtWebKit.so.4.10
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5WebKitWidgets.so.5      /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtWebKit.so.4.10.2
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5WebKitWidgets.so.5.1    /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtXmlPatterns.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5WebKitWidgets.so.5.1.1  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtXmlPatterns.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Widgets.so.5            /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtXmlPatterns.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Widgets.so.5.2          /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtXml.so.4
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Widgets.so.5.2.1        /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtXml.so.4.8
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Xml.so.5                /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQtXml.so.4.8.6
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Xml.so.5.2

On Udoo, we will get the list by using the command find /usr/lib -iname libQt*. They are under /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf directory.

QtConfig

On my Odroid xu4 running Ubuntu 16.04 MATE, the qtconfig-qt4 (System -> Preferences -> Look and Feel -> Qt 4 Settings) looks like

Qtconfig-qt4.png

Actually the configure program is call qtconfig-qt4 which is under 

odroid@odroid:~/$ ls -l /usr/bin/qt*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 26388 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtchooser
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtconfig -> qtchooser
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root    43 Apr  5 12:16 /usr/bin/qtconfig-qt4 -> ../lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/qt4/bin/qtconfig
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 51744 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtcreator
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  9904 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtcreator_process_stub
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   950 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtcreator.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtdiag -> qtchooser
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  9680 Mar 14 16:04 /usr/bin/qt-faststart
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root     9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qtpaths -> qtchooser
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30716 Nov 30  2015 /usr/bin/qtpromaker

On my Mint 17.2 (based on Ubuntu 14.04), I have 

brb@T3600 ~ $ ls qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.6/bin
assistant          elf2e32_qtwrapper.bat  lupdate                 qcollectiongenerator  qmlviewer      setcepaths.bat  xmlpatternsvalidator
createpackage      elf2e32_qtwrapper.pl   moc                     qdoc3                 qt3to4         syncqt
createpackage.bat  findtr                 patch_capabilities      qhelpconverter        qtconfig       syncqt.bat
createpackage.pl   lconvert               patch_capabilities.bat  qhelpgenerator        qtdemo         uic
designer           linguist               patch_capabilities.pl   qmake                 qttracereplay  uic3
elf2e32_qtwrapper  lrelease               pixeltool               qmlplugindump         rcc            xmlpatterns
brb@T3600 ~ $ ls /usr/bin/qt*
/usr/bin/qtchooser  /usr/bin/qtconfig  /usr/bin/qt-faststart  /usr/bin/qtpaths

Install Qt on Mac

Follow the instruction on https://github.com/sandym/qt-patches/tree/master/mac/qt-4.8.7 or here. It works on my Mac 10.11 El Capitan (Xcode 8.0 + Qt 4.8.7).

Download qt 4.8.7 source code and qt-patches first. 

tar xzvf ~/Downloads/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.7.tar.gz
mv ~/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.7/ ~/qt-4.8.7-src
cd ~/qt-4.8.7-src
patch -p1 < ../qt-patches/mac/qt-4.8.7/qt-4.8.7-mac.patch

mkdir ../qt-4.8.7-build
cd ../qt-4.8.7-build
export PATH=/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin
../qt-4.8.7-src/configure -debug-and-release -nomake examples -no-qt3support -no-multimedia -no-audio-backend \
  -no-phonon -no-phonon-backend -no-gif -no-webkit -no-libtiff -prefix /usr/local/Qt-4.8.7 \
  -arch x86_64 -openssl-linked -I "$PWD/../qt-patches/mac_openssl_include" -opensource -confirm-license
make -j4
sudo make install

Note that the executable file created by Qt is in .app format.

How to specify Mac platform in qmake (QtCreator)

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18462420/how-to-specify-mac-platform-in-qmake-qtcreator

How to detect reliably Mac OS X, iOS, Linux, Windows in C preprocessor?

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5919996/how-to-detect-reliably-mac-os-x-ios-linux-windows-in-c-preprocessor

modalSession has been exited prematurely

https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-37699

Deploying an Application

http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/deployment-mac.html

The app file created by Qt is actually not a file but a directory. So a better way is to distribute a dmg file. To create a dmg file from an app, simply run the following command: 

cd /path/to/contain/yourappname.app
/usr/local/Qt-4.8.7/bin/macdeployqt yourappname.app -dmg

In my case, I got the following warnings but the final dmg looks fine. 

WARNING: Could not find any external Qt frameworks to deploy in "SeqTools.app" 
WARNING: Perhaps macdeployqt was already used on "SeqTools.app" ? 
WARNING: If so, you will need to rebuild "SeqTools.app" before trying again.

Create an Installer

Creating nice dmg “installer” for Mac OS X

Qt on SBC

Raspberry Pi

Beaglebone Black

See Native build Qt on BBB. For Qt 4.8, it took about 20 hours to make.

UDOO

See Native build Qt on BBB. For Qt 4.8.6, it took about 9.5 hours run make -j2 (I have UDOO Dual).

For Qt 5, see Set up Qt on i.MX6.

Qtcreator 800x480.png

ODROID xu4

  • It seems it is not necessary to build a static Qt by myself on Odroid (at least Ubuntu 16.04) since Qt 4.8.7 is already available in Ubuntu 16.04 MATE.
# sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools
$ dpkg -L qt4-dev-tools | grep qmake # nothing
$ sudo apt-get install qtcreator

# Qt Creator needs to be launched by calling 
# qtcreator -noload Welcome

$ ls -l /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/qt4/bin/qmake
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2566408 Apr  5 12:20 /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/qt4/bin/qmake
$ ls -l /usr/bin/qmake
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Dec  8  2015 /usr/bin/qmake -> qtchooser
$ /usr/bin/qmake -v
QMake version 2.01a
Using Qt version 4.8.7 in /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf
$ qtchooser
Usage:
  qtchooser { -l | -list-versions | -print-env }
  qtchooser -install [-f] [-local] <name> <path-to-qmake>
  qtchooser -run-tool=<tool name> [-qt=<Qt version>] [program arguments]
  <executable name> [-qt=<Qt version>] [program arguments]

Environment variables accepted:
 QTCHOOSER_RUNTOOL  name of the tool to be run (same as the -run-tool argument)
 QT_SELECT          version of Qt to be run (same as the -qt argument)

NVIDIA Jetson

Qt on the NVIDIA Jetson TX1 – Device Creation Style

Qt Creator

$ qtcreator
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help" 
file:///usr/share/qtcreator/welcomescreen/welcomescreen.qml:30:1: module "QtQuick" is not installed 
     import QtQuick 2.1 
     ^ 
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-command-list" 
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-commands" 
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-property-list" 
Starting process:  "/usr/bin/cmake" "--help-variable-list"
  • Keyboard shortcuts:
    • Ctrl + Click the symbol - move to the definition or the declaration of a symbol.
    • Click a symbol + Right click + Follow the symbol under cursor - move to the definition
  • The default build directory is parallel to the folder of source code which is a pain if there is a same project name. A better default build directory should be under the source code folder. To change the default setting, go to Tools -> Options -> Build and Run -> Remove "../" from the Default build directory value "../build-%{CurrentProject:Name}-%{CurrentKit:FileSystemName}-%{CurrentBuild:Name}". The project name is determined by Qt project file XXXX.pro.
  • This teaches us how to set warning level when compiling a Qt project. Qt project uses the settting in makefile. We can overwrite it by setting something in .pro file
win32:QMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_WARN_ON += -Wextra

Google: Qt change warning level.

Announcement

Source code

https://github.com/danimo/qt-creator

debug and release folders

For some unknown reason, no matter I use the Debug mode or Release mode to build my application, there are always two subfolders debug and release under build-ProjectName-KitName-Debug or build-ProjectName-KitName-Release directory. Actually, the release' folder is empty under build-ProjectName-KitName-Debug directory and similarly the debug folder is empty under build-ProjectName-KitName-Release directory.

Tools > Options

Text Editor

  • Font & Colors tab: Font 9 -> 12. Color Scheme Default -> Dark.
  • Display: check 'Enable text wrapping'

Build and Run

See the screenshots below to see how to set up the Qt in the Qt Creator when the Qt was built by ourselves. We need to add 'Kits' in order to build applications.

Qtoptions kits.png Qtoptions version.png Qtoptions compiler.png Qtoptions debugger.png

The default build directory is 

../build-%{CurrentProject:Name}-%{CurrentKit:FileSystemName}-%{CurrentBuild:Name}

If we change it to the following, the build directory will be under %HOME/Templates (and it won't be in parallel with the source directory). This is useful if my source directory is in a git directory. 

%{Env:HOME}/Templates/build-%{CurrentProject:Name}-%{CurrentKit:FileSystemName}-%{CurrentBuild:Name}

Debug Qt program built with the Microsoft Visual Studio compilers

  • http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_Creator_Windows_Debugging
  • http://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-debugger-engines.html. That is, we need to download Windows Driver Kit 8.1.
    • This kit will be installed under 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits' directory.
    • The cdb.exe can be found under C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\Debuggers\x86 or C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\8.1\Debuggers\x64 directories.
  • Another problem is about the error Error LINK : fatal error LNK1123: failure during conversion to COFF: file invalid or corrupt when we compile a Qt program. The solution is posted on here. In summary, we want to rename/delete the file C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\BIN\cvtres.exe since the file appears in another place too (C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\cvtres.exe).

Simple program to debug

In the following program, we can put a break at the line QString msg="" to test the debug function in QT Creator. 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushButton>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  QApplication app (argc, argv);

  QString msg="";
  msg = "abcd";
  msg = "ABCD";

  QPushButton button ("Hello world !");
  button.show();

  return app.exec();
}

Also in the .pro file, add one more line (QT += widgets) to the code. So the file looks like 

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

Click the 2nd green triangle button (F5) to start debugging. Click F10 to step over and F11 to step in.

How to close the debugger window

No need to close anything. Just click the 'Edit' icon in the left hand dock to switch out of the 'Debug' mode.

Plugins

Qt Creator -> Help -> About Plugins...

Tips

  • Ctrl +a, Ctrl + i to re-indent the code

OpenGL driver

On my Windows tablet (Lenovo lynx), Qt Creator 4.1.0 shows Qt Creator crash/stopped working. The solution is to disable Welcome plugin. Changing the command to qtcreator.exe -noload Welcome. After Qt Creator is loaded, we can go to Help -> About Plugins... and uncheck the item Welcome under the Qt Creator category.

This trick also works on ARM based SOC like Odroid, Raspberry Pi, Udoo, etc.

Could not initialize GLX. Aborted

When I try to launch Qt Creator 4.1.0 on updated Mint 17.2 on T3600 w/ NVIDIA GF108GL (not on Virtual machine), I got the error Could not initialize GLX. Aborted. See

Similar issue happened when I try to run Blender. It shows X11 glXChooseVisual() failed, verify working openGL system! initial window could not find the GLX extension. See

The Driver Manager shows I am using nvidia-367 (recommended) driver.

Simple Test

Non-Gui/Console application

The project can be created by Qt Creator -> New File or Project -> Application -> Qt Console Application. See How to exit Qt console application?. 

#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QtDebug>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    QString x="step 1 step 2 step 3 step 4 babab";
    QStringList strlist;
    strlist = x.split(" ");
    int stepIndex = strlist.lastIndexOf("step",-1);
    int curstep = strlist[++stepIndex].toInt();
    qDebug() << curstep;   // return 4
    // return a.exec(); this line will create an event loop; need ctrl+c to exit.
}

QWidget

To quickly test whether the Qt was built successfully, we can 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);

    QWidget window;

    window.resize(250, 150);
    window.setWindowTitle("Simple example");
    window.show();

    return app.exec();
}

Go to Windows Command line (The 'nmake' command will be 'make' on Linux OS). 

cd c:\Qt
mkdir example
cd example
notepad test.cpp
set PATH=%PATH%;C:\QT\4.8.4\bin
qmake -project        # Create .pro file
qmake                 # Create Makefile
nmake                 # Run 'make' on Linux

If everything went well, we will obtain the executable file under release folder. That is, we can run the executable file by 

release\example.exe

QPushButton

The example is used in http://wiki.qt.io/Qt_for_beginners. Note QPushButton inherits from QAbstractButton and QAbstractButton inherits from QWidget. 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushButton>
 
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  QApplication app (argc, argv);
 
  QPushButton button ("Hello world !");
  button.show();
 
  return app.exec();
}

Hello world qt.png

QWidget + setLayout()

See Listing 1-10 from FQD. 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>

int main( int argc, char **argv )
{
  QApplication app( argc, argv );

  QWidget widget;
  QLineEdit *lineEdit = new QLineEdit();
  QLabel *label = new QLabel("Relax Saturday!");

  QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
  layout->addWidget( lineEdit );
  layout->addWidget( label );
  widget.setLayout( layout );

  //  MyClass *bridge = new MyClass( "", &app );
  //  QObject::connect(
  //    lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(const QString&)),
  //    bridge, SLOT(setText(const QString&)) );
  //  QObject::connect(
  //    bridge, SIGNAL(textChanged(const QString&)),
  //    label, SLOT(setText(const QString&)) );

  widget.show();

  return app.exec();
}

The widget (QWidget) above can be formed as a class and separated from the main program. 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QLabel>
#include <QLineEdit>

class MyWidget : public QWidget
{
public:
  MyWidget();
};

MyWidget::MyWidget()
{
    QLineEdit *lineEdit = new QLineEdit();
    QLabel *label = new QLabel("Relax Saturday!");

    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
    layout->addWidget( lineEdit );
    layout->addWidget( label );
    setLayout( layout );
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QObject parent;

    MyWidget widget;
    widget.show();

  return app.exec();
}

The pro file looks like 

QT      += gui
TARGET  = findWordfromFile
SOURCES += main.cpp

See also the Layout of a Widget section.

setLayout()

We don't have to use setLayout(); we can use this keyword as the parent in the QGridLayout, QHBoxLayout or QVBoxLayout. For example the MyWidget constructor can be written as 

MyWidget::MyWidget()
{
    QLineEdit *lineEdit = new QLineEdit();
    QLabel *label = new QLabel("Relax Saturday!");

    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout(this);
    layout->addWidget( lineEdit );
    layout->addWidget( label );
    // setLayout( layout );
}

QMainWindow + setCentralWidget()

See Listing 9-10 from FQD. 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QMainWindow>

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
public:
  MainWindow();
};

MainWindow::MainWindow() : QMainWindow()
{
  setCentralWidget( new QTextEdit( this ) );
}

int main( int argc, char **argv )
{
  QApplication app( argc, argv );
    
  MainWindow window;
  window.show();
  
  return app.exec();
}

Similarly we can use setCentralWidget() in QMainWindow. See Chapter 4 of 'The Book of Qt4'. 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QMainwindow>
#include <QLabel>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  QApplication a(argc, argv);

  QMainWindow mainWindow;
  QLabel *label = new QLabel("<center>Central Widget</center>");
  mainWindow.setCentralWidget(label);
  mainWindow.show();

  return a.exec();
}

Qt Basic

C++ useful for Qt

See C++ tutorial.

  • Use dot (.) to refer to any public member of a class.
  • Use the arrow operator (->) to refer to a member of an object pointed by a pointer. The label below is a pointer rather than an object but *label is an object.
QLabel *label = new QLabel("ABCDE");
label->show();
// (*label).show();
  • Use the operator of scope (::) to set a definition of a class's member function or call a function from some class. For example,
QObject::connect();

means to use connect() function from QObject class.

  • The this pointer passed on to the EditDialog sets the parent of the dlg to the list dialog.
EditDialog dlg( this );

Here explains: The keyword this identifies a special type of pointer. Suppose that you create an object named x of class A, and class A has a nonstatic member function f(). If you call the function x.f(), the keyword this in the body of f() stores the address of x..

Q_OBJECT macro, SIGNAL/SLOT and moc

This macro is required if a class contains SIGNAL/SLOT.

In 'C++ GUI Programming with Qt4': Creating Dialog. It describes

  • The makefile generated by qmake will include special rules to run moc, Qt's meta-object compiler.
  • For moc to work correctly, we must put the class definition in a header file, separate from the implementation file. The code generated by moc includes this header file and adds some C++ boilerplate code of its own.
  • Classes that use the Q_OBJECT macro must have moc run on them; qmake automatically adds the necessary rules to the makefile. But if you forget to regenerate your makefile using qmake and moc isn't run, the linker will complain that some functions are declared but not implemented. If this ever happens, run qmake again to update the makefile, then rebuild the application.

For more detail about the Qt's Meta-Object System, see this article.

Common Signals

Signal
ComboBox currentIndexChanged or activated
PushButton clicked
RadioButton toggler
Action triggered
Process finished, started, stateChanged, readyReadStandardOutput, readyReadStandardError
ListWidget itemClicked
NetworkReply finished, readyRead, downloadProgress

tr()

tr() means translation; the characters were auto translated depending on system's locale. See http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/linguist-hellotr.html

Run Qt from Command Line

I use 

# Open command prompt from Visual Studio 2010
set PATH=C:\Qt\Qt5.0.2\5.0.2\msvc2010_opengl\bin;%PATH%

Now we can build the project by for example 

cd C:\Qt\FQD\Chapter01\plain-cpp
qmake -project
qmake
nmake

The executable will be located under release subfolder.

From C++ to Qt

See Chap 1 of Foundation of Qt Development book.

No Qt Qt
Class List 1.1 
#include <string>
using std::string;
class MyClass
{
public:
  MyClass (const string & text);
  const string& text() const;
  void setText (const string& text);
  int getLengthOfText() const;
private:
  string m_text
}
List 1.2 
#include <QObject>
#include <string>
using std::string;
class MyClass : public QObject
{
public:
  MyClass (const string& text, QObject *parent = 0);
...
}
Main List 1.3 
#include <iostream>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  MyClass *a, *b, *c;
  a = new MyClass ("foo");
  b = new MyClass("ba-a-ar");
  c = new MyClass("baz");
  std::cout << a->text() << "(" << a->getLengthOfText() << ")" << std::endl;
  a->setText( b-> text() );
  std::cout << a->text()  << "(" << a->getLengthOfText() << ")" << std::endl;
  int result = a->getLengthOfText() - c ->getLengthOfText();
  delete a;
  delete b;
  delete c;
  return result;
}
List 1.4 
#include <QtDebug>
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  QObject parent;
  MyClass *a, *b, *c;
  a = new MyClass ("foo", &parent); // Or a = new MyClass("foo", this);
  b = new MyClass("ba-a-ar", &parent);
  c = new MyClass ("baz", &parent);
  qDebug() << QString::fromStdString(a->text()) << "(" << a->getLengthOfText() << ")";
  a -> setText( b-> text());
  qDebug() << QString::fromStdString(a->text()) << "(" << a->getLengthOfText() << ")";
  return a->getLengthOfText() - c->getLengthOfText();
}
File Output 
const char *filename="/home/brb/file";
string filename2;
std::ofstream myfile
myfile.open(filename, ios::out | ios::app);
myfile.open(filename); // Error
myfile.open(filename.c_str());
if (!myfile.is_open()) return;
myfile << "ABC\n";
myfile.close();

Qstring filename;
QFile file(filename)
if (!file.open(QFile::WriteOnly | QFile::Text)) return;
QTextStream  out(&file);
out << "ABC\n";
file.flush();
file.close();

Forward Declaration

The forward declarations of the Qt classes tells the C++ compiler that a class exists, without giving all the detail that a class definition provides. 

// <finddialog.h>
class QCheckBox;

On the other hand, we can simply include QtGui in the cpp file. That saves us to include every class we need individually. 

// <finddialog.cpp>
#include <QtGui>
#include "finddialog.h"
FindDialog::FindDialog(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent)
{
 ...
}

Subclass and Parent in constructor

The QDialog in the class definition shows the base class for FindDialog class.

The parent parameter in FindDialog constructor specifies the parent widget (QWidget). The default is a null pointer, meaning that the dialog has no parent.

The private variable is a pointer declared in the header file. So the compiler does not need the full class definition. We could have included the header file <QCheckBox> in the header file, but using forward declarations will makes compiling faster. 

// <finddialog.h>
class FindDialog : public QDialog
{
   Q_OBJECT
  public:
    FindDialog(QWidget *parent = 0);
  private;
    QCheckBox *caseCheckBox;
}

Sub Qt's widgets

Suppose we don't like the default behavior of a Qt's built-in widget, we can subclass it.

Subclass QLabel from youtube.

For example, suppose we want to override the default mouse behavior in the QTextEdit class. 

// <qtexteditsub.h>

#include <QtCore>
#include <QtGui>
class QTextEditSub : public QTextEdit
{
  Q_OBJECT
public: QTextEditSub(QWidget *parent=0);
        ~QTextEditSub();
protected:
  void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
  void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
  void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
  void mouseDoubleClickEvent(QMouseEvent *e);

}

// <qtexteditsub.cpp>

#include "qtexteditsub.h"
QTextEditSub::QTextEditSub(QWidget *parent) : QTextEdit(parent)
{
}

QTextEditSub::~QTextEditSub()
{
}

void QTextEditSub::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
{
    e->ignore();
}

void QTextEditSub::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
{
    e->ignore();
}

void QTextEditSub::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
{
    e->ignore();
}

void QTextEditSub::mouseDoubleClickEvent(QMouseEvent *e);
{
    e->ignore();
}

Naming Convention

  • Class name starts with an uppercase letter and the words are divided using Camel-Casing.
  • The names of the methods all start with a lowercase letter, and the words are again divided by using CamelCasing.

QWidget vs QDialog

  • If a class's parent is QWidget, the class will be shown at the top-left corner of the screen.
  • If a class's parent is QDialog, the class will be shown at the center of the screen (seems better).

QWidget vs QDialog vs QMainWindow

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3298792/whats-the-difference-between-qmainwindow-and-qwidget-and-qdialog

  • A QWidget is the base class for all drawable classes in Qt. Any QWidget-based class can be shown as a window by showing it when it has no parent. A simple example of QWidget class can be found on zetcode.com or Simple Test section. More examples can be found on most Qt programs.
// header file
class StopWatch : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    StopWatch(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~StopWatch();
};
// cpp file
StopWatch::StopWatch(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
}

// header file
class ButtonDialog : public QDialog
{
  Q_OBJECT  
public:
  ButtonDialog( QWidget *parent=0 );
};
// cpp file
ButtonDialog::ButtonDialog( QWidget *parent ) : QDialog( parent )
{
}
  • A QMainWindow is based on QWidget and is designed around common needs for a main window to have. It has predefined places for a menu bar, a status bar, a toolbar, and other widgets. It does not have any built-in allowances for buttons like QDialog does. QMainWindow examples can be found at Simple Test > No layout section, http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/examples-mainwindow.html, or searching my bitbucket\qt repository.
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  QApplication app;
  QMainWindow *window;

  window->setCentralWidget(XXX);
  // XXX can be any pointer from a class inherited from QWidget
  // 
  // Or do not explicitly specify the widget type as the following example (BDGE, not common)
  //    window->setCentralWidget(new QWidget);
  //    window->centralWidget()->setLayout(mainLayout);

  window->show()
  return app.exec()
}

The following table shows the differences of show method and layout management of these classes.

class show method layout
QApplication .exec()
QWidget .show() layout
QMainWindow .show() centralwidget
QDialog .exec() or .show() layout

Widgets and layouts

To set a layout to a widget, we can use this keyword or the ref to a QWidget as in QGridLayout(this), QHBoxLayout(this), QVBoxLayout or use the setLayout() function. 

QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout(this); // see Listing 3-5 of FQD
# OR
QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout();
setLayout(layout); // used in a class    // see Listing 1-10 of FQD

QWidget widget;
QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout(&widget);
widget.show(); // used in main()

QDialog dlg;
QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout(&dlg); // see Listing 3-4 of FQD
dlg.show(); // used in main()

To add widgets to a layout, we can use addWidget() function. For example, 

QGroupBox *groupBox = new QGroupBox();
QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout(this);
layout->addWidget(groupBox);

So the pattern is widget (parent) -> layout -> widget -> layout -> ...

Layout of a widget

See http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/layout.html#adding-widgets-to-a-layout. We can use setLayout() method to a widget. The layout itself can contains several widgets that can be added to the layout using the addWidget() method. See an example (from the layout documentation) below 

    QWidget *window = new QWidget;
    QPushButton *button1 = new QPushButton("One");
    QPushButton *button2 = new QPushButton("Two");
    QPushButton *button3 = new QPushButton("Three");
    QPushButton *button4 = new QPushButton("Four");
    QPushButton *button5 = new QPushButton("Five");

    QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout;
    layout->addWidget(button1);
    layout->addWidget(button2);
    layout->addWidget(button3);
    layout->addWidget(button4);
    layout->addWidget(button5);

    window->setLayout(layout);
    window->show();

See the following diagram 

Widget
+-----------------------+
|    Layout             |
|  +-----------------+  |
|  | Widget 1        |  |
|  | Widget 2        |  |
|  | ...             |  |
|  +-----------------+  |
+-----------------------+

(from the layout documentation) Note: Widgets in a layout are children of the widget on which the layout is installed, not of the layout itself. Widgets can only have other widgets as parent, not layouts.

You can nest layouts using addLayout() on a layout; the inner layout then becomes a child of the layout it is inserted into.

When a QDialog will be closed?

accept() or reject() is called.

QDialog::exec()

QDialog::exec() will return 1 if accepted and 0 if rejected (e.g. use 'X' to close a QDialog). To check whether users have accepted or rejected a dialog, see QDialog exec() and getting result value; ie use QDialog::Accepted or QDialog::Rejected to do an integer comparison.

In the following example, it will show 'Title 2' qdialog first and then 'Title 1' qwidget second because it is the order the code has been written. Because 'Title 1' was written in QDialog it will be positioned in the center of the screen. 

// main.cpp
#include <QApplication>
#include "mywidget.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  QApplication app (argc, argv);

  MyWidget widget;
  widget.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() \
              - widget.rect().center());
  widget.resize(200, 200); // not include the title bar
  widget.show();
  return app.exec();
}

// mywidget.h
#ifndef MYWIDGET_H
#define MYWIDGET_H

#include <QtGui>
#include "dialog.h"
class MyWidget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
signals:
public slots:
};
#endif // MYWIDGET_H


// mywidget.cpp
#include "mywidget.h"
MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent)
{
    this->setWindowTitle("Title 1");
    QPushButton *button = new QPushButton("Default Button");
    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
    layout->addWidget( button);
    setLayout( layout );
    Dialog *dialog=new Dialog;
    if (dialog->exec()) {   // dialog will be shown first
        qDebug() << "return 1";
    } else qDebug() << "return 0";
}

// dialog.h
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H
#include <QtGui>
class Dialog : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = 0);
signals:
public slots:
};
#endif // DIALOG_H

// dialog.cpp
#include "dialog.h"

Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent)
{
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton = new QPushButton("Colored Background");
    colorbackbutton->setStyleSheet("background-color:black; color:white");
    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
    layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton );
    setLayout( layout );
    this->setWindowTitle("Title 2");
    this->resize(200, 200);
}

Customize QComboBox

Use setView() and setModel()

Qlistview vs QCombobox

  • QListview example A vertical scrollbar will appear on the RHS if the height is too narrow.
// main.cpp
#include"myListView.h"

int main(int argc,char** argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc,argv);
    
    myListView* view = new myListView();

    return app.exec();
}

// myListView.h
#include <QtGui>
class myListView:public QListView
{
  Q_OBJECT
public:
  myListView():QListView()
  {
    QStringListModel* model = new QStringListModel();        
    model->setStringList(QString("Item 1;Item 2;Item 3;Item 4").split(";"));
    
    setModel(model);
    setWindowTitle("QListView Detect Click");
    show();  
    
    connect(this,SIGNAL(clicked(const QModelIndex)),this,SLOT(ItemClicked(QModelIndex)));    
  }
  ~myListView() {}
  
private slots:
  void ItemClicked (QModelIndex index )
  {
      QMessageBox::information(this,"Hello!","You Clicked: \n"+index.data().toString());    
  }
  
};

Qlistview.png 

// main.cpp
#include <QtGui>
#include "myComboBox.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QMainWindow *window = new QMainWindow();

    window->setWindowTitle(QString::fromUtf8("QComboBox currentIndexChanged"));
    window->resize(330, 220);

    QWidget *centralWidget = new QWidget(window);
    QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout();
    centralWidget->setLayout(layout);

    MyComboBox* comboBox = new MyComboBox(centralWidget);
    comboBox->addItem("Item 1");
    comboBox->addItem("Item 2");
    comboBox->addItem("Item 3");
    comboBox->addItem("Item 4");
    layout->addWidget(comboBox);
    window->setCentralWidget(centralWidget);
    window->show();
    return app.exec();
}

// myComboBox.h
#ifndef MYCOMBOBOX_H
#define MYCOMBOBOX_H
#include <QtGui>

//Derived Class from QComboBox
class MyComboBox: public QComboBox
{
  Q_OBJECT
  public:
    MyComboBox(QWidget* parent):QComboBox(parent)
    {
      this->setParent(parent);
      connect(this , SIGNAL(currentIndexChanged(int)),this,SLOT(handleSelectionChanged(int)));
    }
    ~ MyComboBox(){}

  public slots:
    //Slot that is called when QComboBox selection is changed
    void handleSelectionChanged(int index)
    {
        QMessageBox* msg = new QMessageBox();
        msg->setWindowTitle("Hello !");
        msg->setText("Selected Index is :"+QString::number(index));
        msg->show();
    }

};
#endif // MYCOMBOBOX_H

Combobox.png

QScrollArea

The QScrollArea class provides a scrolling view onto another widget.

Memory Management

Parent is on heap. So it has to be deleted manually. 

#include <QtGui>
#include "addressbook.h"
//...every needed header

int main(...) {
   //QApplication app ....
   QWidget *parent = new QWidget; //a parent for your addressbook 
   AddressBook *myAddressBook = new AddressBook(parent); //pass a pointer to parent widget when you construct an AddressBook object
   //... other code, maybe some layout if necessary...
   parent->show(); //will show the chidren widgets too
   
   int returnValue = app.exec();
   delete parent; //this will delete the parent children too
   return returnValue;
}

OR creating parent on the stack 

int main(...) {
   //QApplication app ....
   QWidget parent; //a parent for your addressbook - parent is created on stack
   AddressBook *myAddressBook = new AddressBook(&parent); //pass a pointer to parent widget when you construct an AddressBook object
   //... other code, maybe some layout if necessary...
   parent.show(); //will show the chidren widgets too

   return app.exec();
}

Bundle a file in app

Check out The Qt Resource System

Coordinate System

http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/coordsys.html

Scientific Plot

Histograms

It seems there are no histograms available in QCustomPlot or Qt Charts. The example at this post is not quite the one we usually see.

Qwt's histograms look good.

StyleSheet

Margin, border, padding

Customizing Qt Widgets Using Style Sheets 

  +---------------------
  | Margin
  |  +------------------
  |  |  Border
  |  |  +---------------
  |  |  |  Padding
  |  |  |  +------------
  |  |  |  |   Content

  QPushButton *toyButton = new QPushButton(tr("&Toy"));
  QPushButton *nullButton = new QPushButton(tr("Default button"));
  QPalette pal = toyButton->palette();
  pal.setColor(QPalette::Button, QColor(59,89,152));
  pal.setColor(QPalette::ButtonText,Qt::white);
  toyButton->setAutoFillBackground(true);
  toyButton->setPalette(pal);
  toyButton->setFlat(true);
  toyButton->setMinimumHeight(20);
  toyButton->update();

  QPushButton *runButton = new QPushButton(tr("&Automatic setup"));
  runButton->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF");

  QPushButton *runButton2 = new QPushButton(tr("Zero border"));
  runButton2->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border-width: 0px");

  QPushButton *runButton3 = new QPushButton(tr("No border, Large margin"));
  runButton3->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border:none; margin:20px");

  QPushButton *runButton4 = new QPushButton(tr("Medium border, no margin"));
  runButton4->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border-width:10px; margin:0px");

  QPushButton *runButton5 = new QPushButton(tr("No border, no margin, small padding"));
  runButton5->setStyleSheet("background-color: #3B5998; color: #FFFFFF; border:none; margin:0px; padding:5px");

Marginborderpad.png

From the experiment, it shows

  • Margin (see button #3) is defined outside the pushbutton (distance to the neighbor objects). So its color is the same as the background color
  • Border (see button #4) is used to show object's 3D effect. Its top-left color = white and bottom-right color = black. Other than these 4 edges, it has the same color as the pushbutton's background.
  • Padding (see button #5) defines the distance between the text and border.
  • Effect of increasing border width is similar to that of increasing padding (though padding does not include 4 edges for the 3D effect). See button #4 and #5.
  • Zero border width (see button #2) is not the same as no border (see button #3)

Actually, Qt 4 has a bug that using a stylesheet with a background color will cause the pushbutton about 2 times tall (too large border or padding?) on Mac OS. The screenshot above is based on Qt5 which has fixed the bug.

Color and stylesheet

w.setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground);

w.setStyleSheet("background-color: white;");
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: cyan;");
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: #1abc9c;");  // material design
w.setStyleSheet("background-color: #1ab7ea;");  // twitter
textEdit->setStyleSheet("background: lightgray");

# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12292592/qt-stylesheet-for-custom-button-on-mouse-hovered-and-clicked
# Pseudo-States, single colon
yourBtn->setStyleSheet("QPushButton{background:url(:/Resources/pause_nor.png);border:0px;}"
    "QPushButton:hover{background:url(:/Resources/pause_over.png);border:0px}"
    "QPushButton:pressed{background:url(:/Resources/pause_over.png); position: relative;top: 1px; left: 1px;}");

# linear gradient; http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qlineargradient.html
QLinearGradient linearGrad(QPointF(0, 100), QPointF(0, rect().height()));
linearGrad.setColorAt(0, QColor(26,188,156));
linearGrad.setColorAt(1, QColor(178,223,219));
painter.setBrush(QBrush(linearGrad));

And an example:

Qcolorpush.png 

// main.cpp
#include "mywidget.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  QApplication app (argc, argv);

  MyWidget widget;
  widget.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() \
              - widget.rect().center());
  widget.resize(200, 200); // not include the title bar
  widget.show();

  return app.exec();
}

// mywidget.cpp
#include "mywidget.h"

MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent)
{
    QPushButton *button = new QPushButton("Default Button");
    QPushButton *disableButton = new QPushButton("Disabled Button");
    disableButton->setEnabled(false);
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton = new QPushButton("Colored Background");
    colorbackbutton->setStyleSheet("background-color:black; color:white");
    QPushButton *colorbackbutton2 = new QPushButton("Colored Background 2");
    QColor bkcolor = QWidget::palette().color(QWidget::backgroundRole());
    qDebug() << bkcolor;
    colorbackbutton2->setStyleSheet("color:#9E9E9E; "
         "background-color:QColor(ARGB 1, 0.878431, 0.878431, 0.878431)");
    QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout();
    layout->addWidget( button);
    layout->addWidget( disableButton);
    layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton );
    layout->addWidget( colorbackbutton2 );
    setLayout( layout );
}

// mywidget.h
#ifndef MYWIDGET_H
#define MYWIDGET_H

#include <QtGui>

class MyWidget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);

signals:

public slots:

};

#endif // MYWIDGET_H

Ref:

QSettings

Note: the documentation said For efficiency, the changes may not be saved to permanent storage immediately. (You can always call sync() to commit your changes.) So don't try to copy the file to another location immediately since the copied file may be coming from the old setting file. If we don't use QSettings::sync() function, we can put the command of copying the QSetting file outside the original function that saved a new QSetting file.

If QSettings object does not specify a file, the default location is defined here.

In Linux system, the directory "~/.config" stores configuration parameters for applications. See also this and this.

For example in my main.cpp, 

    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    app.setOrganizationName("Trolltech");
    app.setApplicationName("Recent Files Example");

then the ini file is saved in "/home/brb/.config/Trolltech/Recent Files Example.conf" as indicated by 

    QSettings settings;
    qDebug() << settings.fileName();

To set or retrieve a key from the setting, use 

settings.setValue("bowtie", inputBowtie);
settings.setValue("recentFiles", recentFiles);

inputBowtie = settings.value("bowtie", "").toString();
recentFiles = settings.value("recentFiles").toStringList();

There are different locations we can use to save the parameter file.

  • The following way will create an entry <testSettings> under <Computer\HKey_CURRENT_USER\Software\ArrayTools> on Windows registry on Windows OS (NativeFormat will be used).
    QSettings settings("ArrayTools", "testSettings");
  • The following way will create a folder name <ArrayTools> and a file <Heatmap.ini> in %AppData% folder (C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming) on Windows OS.
QSettings settings(QSettings::IniFormat, QSettings::UserScope, "ArrayTools", "Heatmap"); // %APPDATA%
  • The following way will create a file <test.ini> under a desired folder on Windows OS. Note that if we omit the QSettings::IniFormat option, the parameter file will not be working (read/write).
QSettings settings(QString("C:/Qt/examples/BRCA/test.ini"), QSettings::IniFormat);
  • The following way will create a file <.BDGE.ini> under %HOME% directory on Linux OS.
QString m_sSettingsFile = "/home/" + QString(getenv("USER")) + "/.BDGE.ini";
QSettings settings(m_sSettingsFile, QSettings::NativeFormat);

.pri file, subprojects

Javascript

  • Chapter 14 of QML book. The example contains 3 source files (*.qmlproject, *.js and *.qml) where
// javascript
.pragma library

var scope = {
}

function call(msg) {
    var exp = msg.toString();
    console.log(exp)
    var data = {
        expression : msg
    }
    try {
        var fun = new Function('return (' + exp + ');');
        data.result = JSON.stringify(fun.call(scope), null, 2)
        console.log('scope: ' + JSON.stringify(scope, null, 2) + 'result: ' + result)
    } catch(e) {
        console.log(e.toString())
        data.error = e.toString();
    }
    return data;
}

and 

import QtQuick 2.2
import QtQuick.Controls 1.1
import QtQuick.Layouts 1.1
import QtQuick.Window 2.0
import "jsconsole.js" as Util

ApplicationWindow {
    id: root
    title: qsTr("JSConsole")
    width: 640
    height: 480

    Menu {
        title: qsTr("File")
        MenuItem {
            text: qsTr("Exit")
            onTriggered: Qt.quit();
        }
    }
    ColumnLayout {
    ...
    }
    function jsCall(exp) {
        var data = Util.call(exp);
        outputModel.insert(0, data)
    }
}

Misc

  • If we want to create a new class member to be used in class method, we should declare it in the header file. For example, look at the variable 'label' below. Of course, variables only used locally have not this rule.
class MyButton : public QWidget
{
   Q_OBJECT
public:
    MyButton(QWidget *parent = 0);
    QLabel *label;
private slots:
    void showText();
};

MyButton::MyButton(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
  label = new QLabel(); // NOT QLabel *label = new QLabel();
}

void MyButton::showText()
{
  label->setText("My Text!");
}

Qt Quick

QML

To load/test a qml file, use qmlscene command. 

$ ~/Qt55/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene ~/Qt55/Examples/Qt-5.5/quick/demos/clocks/clocks.qml

Simple tests

http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qmlfirststeps.html

1. A simple Rectangle object 

import QtQuick 2.3

Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"

    Text {
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello, World!"
    }
}

Then run 

$ ~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene simple.qml

2. A second test is to create a QML application (with menu bar, status bar, etc) with Qt Quick Control 

//import related modules
import QtQuick 2.3
import QtQuick.Controls 1.2
import QtQuick.Window 2.2

//window containing the application
ApplicationWindow {

    //title of the application
    title: qsTr("Hello World")
    width: 640
    height: 480

    //menu containing two menu items
    menuBar: MenuBar {
        Menu {
            title: qsTr("File")
            MenuItem {
                text: qsTr("&Open")
                onTriggered: console.log("Open action triggered");
            }
            MenuItem {
                text: qsTr("Exit")
                onTriggered: Qt.quit();
            }
        }
    }

    //Content Area

    //a button in the middle of the content area
    Button {
        text: qsTr("Hello World")
        anchors.horizontalCenter: parent.horizontalCenter
        anchors.verticalCenter: parent.verticalCenter
    }
}

Then run 

$ ~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene simplewindow.qml

3. Handling user input (mouse or keyboard) 

import QtQuick 2.3
// mouse input
Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"

    Text {
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello, World!"
    }

    MouseArea {
        anchors.fill: parent
        onClicked: parent.color = "blue"
    }
}

and 

import QtQuick 2.3
// keyboard input
Rectangle {
    width: 200
    height: 100
    color: "red"

    Text {
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello, World!"
    }

    focus: true
    Keys.onPressed: {
        if (event.key == Qt.Key_Return) {
            color = "blue";
            event.accepted = true;
        }
    }
}

4. Create customized QML types for re-use 

// Button.qml
import QtQuick 2.3

Rectangle {
    width: 100; height: 100
    color: "red"

    MouseArea {
        anchors.fill: parent
        onClicked: console.log("Button clicked!")
    }
}

and 

// application.qml
import QtQuick 2.3

Column {
    Button { width: 50; height: 50 }
    Button { x: 50; width: 100; height: 50; color: "blue" }
    Button { width: 50; height: 50; radius: 8 }
}

Then run the code 

~/Qt/Qt5.5.1/5.5/gcc_64/bin/qmlscene application.qml

.qmlproject file and Qt Creator

Ubuntu apps

QML elements

These are the functionally grouped lists of QML elements as part of Qt Quick.

http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qdeclarativeelements.html (QtQuick 1.0)

  • Basic QML elements: Item, Component, QObject
  • Graphics: Rectangle, Image, ...
  • Text Handling: Text, TextInput, TextEdit, ...
  • Mouse and Interaction Area: MouseArea, Keys, PinchArea, ...
  • Positioners and Repeater: Column, Row, Grid, Flow, Repeater
  • Transformations: Scale, Rotation, Translate
  • States: State, AnchorChange, ...
  • Animation and Transitions: Transition, SequentialAnimation, ParallelAnimation, PauseAnimation, SmoothedAnimation ,...
  • Models and Data Handling:
  • Views:
  • Path Definition:
  • Utility:
  • Graphical Effects:

http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-index.html QtQuick2 (Qt 5.0)

QML Applications

Qt Quick Examples and Tutorials

http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qtquick-codesamples.html

Creating Qt Quick (Controls) Applications

First let's see the screen shots of creating an Application and Other Project. Each one category provides several templates.

QtcreatorNew.png QtcreatorNew2.png

If we use the Qt Creator to create a Qt Quick Application, it will create the following files

  • APPLICATION.pro
  • main.cpp
  • main.qml
  • MainForm.ui.qml
  • qml.qrc
  • deployment.pri

The following screen shot gives a picture how Qt Creator organize these files. The 'qtquick' project is a Qt Quick Application and the 'qtquickui' is a Qt Quick UI project (next section).

Qtquickui.png

Pathway of Developing Qt Quick Applications

Creating Qt Quick UI projects

If we use the Qt Creator to create a QT Quick UI Projects, it will create the following 3 files (.qmlproject -> .qml -> .ui.qml)

  • PROJECT.qmlproject
import QmlProject 1.1

Project {
    mainFile: "qtquickui.qml"

    /* Include .qml, .js, and image files from current directory and subdirectories */
    QmlFiles {
        directory: "."
    }
    JavaScriptFiles {
        directory: "."
    }
    ImageFiles {
        directory: "."
    }
    /* List of plugin directories passed to QML runtime */
    // importPaths: [ "../exampleplugin" ]
}
  • PROJECT.qml (e.g. qtquickui.qml in this example)
import QtQuick 2.6
import QtQuick.Window 2.2

Window {
    visible: true
    width: 640
    height: 480
    title: qsTr("Hello World")

    MainForm {
        anchors.fill: parent
        mouseArea.onClicked: {
            Qt.quit();
        }
    }
}
import QtQuick 2.6

Rectangle {
    property alias mouseArea: mouseArea

    width: 360
    height: 360

    MouseArea {
        id: mouseArea
        anchors.fill: parent
    }

    Text {
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        text: "Hello World"
    }
}

Using Qt Quick Designer

QmlBook - A book about Qt 5

Qt Quick Controls 1

Qt Quick Controls 2

Special Modules

http://doc.qt.io/

Qt Charts

Update: the instruction below is for Qt 5.6.0. However Qt Charts can be installed by checking the appropriate check box when we install Qt 5.7.0.

When plots are launched or resized, there is an animation. It also supports themes (see the 'charthemes' example) Very cool!

1. Install requirements (this step may be optional because we are using the binary Qt) according to 

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get build-dep qt5-default

2. Download the binary Qt 5.6.0 beta from http://download.qt.io/development_releases/qt/5.6/5.6.0-beta/

3. Download qtcharts by using the git command from https://codereview.qt-project.org/#/admin/projects/qt/qtcharts 

git clone https://codereview.qt-project.org/qt/qtcharts

4. Run 

# Install Qt 5.6 and Qt Creator
chmod +x qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.6.0-beta.run
./qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.6.0-beta.run  # by default Qt will be installed to ~/Qt5.6.0

# Install qtcharts
cd ~/qtcharts
~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/bin/qmake
make

# Build one qtcharts example: barchart. The source code is one cpp and one pro.
cd ~/qtcharts/examples/charts/barchart
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/lib
~/Qt5.6.0/5.6/gcc_64/bin/qmake
make

# Run the example
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:~/qtcharts/lib
./barchart
# You will see a dynamic bar chart on the Ubuntu desktop

Some help from

Full list of examples is 

vagrant@vagrant:~$ ls qtcharts/examples/charts/
areachart                  horizontalstackedbarchart  qmlchart
audio                      legend                     qmlcustomizations
barchart                   legendmarkers              qmlcustomlegend
barmodelmapper             lineandbar                 qmlf1legends
boxplotchart               linechart                  qmloscilloscope
callout                    logvalueaxis               qmlpiechart
chartinteractions          modeldata                  qmlpolarchart
charts.pro                 multiaxis                  qmlweather
chartthemes                nesteddonuts               scatterchart
customchart                openglseries               scatterinteractions
datetimeaxis               percentbarchart            splinechart
donutbreakdown             piechart                   stackedbarchart
donutchart                 piechartcustomization      stackedbarchartdrilldown
dynamicspline              piechartdrilldown          temperaturerecords
examples.pri               polarchart                 zoomlinechart
horizontalbarchart         qmlaxes
horizontalpercentbarchart  qmlboxplot

Qt Data Visualization

Get the source code from https://codereview.qt-project.org/#/admin/projects/ 

git clone https://codereview.qt-project.org/p/qt/qtdatavis3d.git

The examples include 

vagrant@vagrant:~/qtdatavis3d/examples/datavisualization$ ls
audiolevels  datavisualization.pro  qmlaxisformatter  qmloscilloscope   rotations
bars         draggableaxes          qmlbars           qmlscatter        scatter
custominput  examples.pri           qmlcustominput    qmlspectrogram    surface
customitems  itemmodel              qmllegend         qmlsurface        texturesurface
customproxy  qmlaxisdrag            qmlmultigraph     qmlsurfacelayers  volumetric

Create source code documentation using Doxygen

Create documentation for your Qt projects, classes, and functions. 

sudo apt-get install doxygen doxygen-gui

Then run 

doxywizard

from a terminal. The rest should be trivial: enter project directory (nothing will be generated here actually), source code directory and output directory. Click Next. Click 'Run' tab to create HTML file. Click 'x' to quit and choose the default name 'Doxyfile' for the doxy file (> 900 lines). We can click 'Open HTML output' button to see the output or go to the output folder and select html/index.html or html/annotated.html file to view the result.

Note that the input and output (absolute path) values will be written to 'Doxyfile'.

If the source code was changed, we just need to run the following command to update files in the doxy output folder. 

doxygen

We can also create Doxyfile from scratch by running 

doxygen -g

and then generate (default) output files by running 

doxygen Doxyfile  # Or just doxygen

A better practice is to create a project folder and then create subfolders like 

MyProject/
         |--doc/
         |-->Doxyfile 
         |--src/

doxywizard

DoxyWizard.png

Qt Tricks

Resize

  • Resize when child resize by using sizeHint() and minimumSizeHint.
  • For some reason, sizeHint() does not work. In this case, use resize(sizeHint()). See here.
  • Qt widget with minimal size to fit all contents
  • Setting text on a QLabel in a layout, doesn't resize Set the vertical sizepolicy of your label to QSizePolicy::Minimum. Then set the sizeconstraint of your dialog's layout to QLayout::SetMinimumSize. This should make your dialog grow so all the content will fit inside of it.
  • The maximum button on the toolbar is controlled by the window manager. For example, there is a maximum button on Ubuntu but there is no maximum button on Mint for QDialog windows. One alternative to remove the maximum button is to disable it. This can be done by using setFixedWidth(int width)'. See this post.

QLabel

The trick is the line about the layout, not the QLabel object. 

QVBoxLayout *mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetMinimumSize);
// or if we want a fixed size; the main widget's size is set to sizeHint().
mainLayout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);

QLabel + icon

Appearance/Desktop Environment Style

See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/qt#Appearance

Conditional compilation

#ifdef Q_OS_WIN32
// Windows specific code
#elif defined(Q_OS_LINUX) || defined(Q_OS_MAC)
// Mac and Linux specific code
#endif

Search QtGlobal for more information about the global declarations (eg Q_OS_WIN32).

C++11 support

Add the following to the .pro file. 

CONFIG += c++11

A simple C++ code that uses a range-based for loops is: 

 int my_array[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
for(int &x : my_array)
{
  x *= 3;
}

Break long text

Set Windows initial posiiton

Set main window initial position

Get the current working path

Use QCoreApplication::applicationDirPath() to get the current working path or QFile::absolutePath() to get the absolute path from relative one.

Pop up a help file

  • QMessageBox: no maximize button on top-right corner. Cannot resize (old Qheatmap)
  • QTextBrowser: the html file cannot be part of C++ (Qtextbrowser)
  • QLabel: No scroll bar (Qt07_BasicApplication)
  • QTextEdit: Good (used in Qheatmap)
  • QWebkit
  • QTextDocument: no scroll bar (Qt79_drawText)

Convert std::string to QString

QString::fromStdString());

Convert QString to std::string

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4214369/how-to-convert-qstring-to-stdstring 

.toStdString()

Convert QString to const char*

in C++03, ofstream::open takes const char* parameter.

If OutputFileName is std::string. 

ofstream CSVFile;
CSVFile.open(OutputFileName.c_str());

If outputFileName is Qstring 

CSVFile.open(OutputFileName.toStdString().c_str());

See QString::toStdString reference

Convert QString to UTF-8

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23175024/qt-convert-string-to-utf-8 

QString str = "Bob Rosén";
qDebug() << QString::fromUtf8(str);

Custom Plots

CPU/RAM real-time performance widget

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eSHTXQbPquk and https://github.com/giordi91/performanceWidget

Use boost libraries with an example

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16998326/using-boost-libraries-in-qt

On Windows OS, we can add the following to the .pro file 

INCLUDEPATH += C:/boost/boost_1_53_0/
LIBS += "-LC:/boost/boost_1_53_0/stage/lib/"

On Ubuntu OS, I can use (the first line Qt += widgets is only necessary on Qt 5) 

QT += widgets
INCLUDEPATH += /home/brb/Downloads/boost_1_55_0/
LIBS += "-L/home/brb/Downloads/boost_1_55_0/stage/lib/"

The following is an example to compute the 95% percentile from the T distribution (df=195) is 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QLabel>

#include <boost/math/distributions/students_t.hpp>

using namespace std;
using boost::math::students_t;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    int df = 195;
    double alpha = .1;
    students_t dist(df);
    double T = quantile(complement(dist, alpha / 2));

    QLabel *label = new QLabel("T(.95, df=195)=" + QString::number(T));
    label->show();

    return a.exec();
}

Home directory

QDir::homePath()

In regular C++, we shall use 

char * getenv("HOME")
# convert to string by std::string(getenv("HOME"))

Create a new directory/Check a directory exists or not

QDir dir("path/to/dir");
if (!dir.exists()) {
    QDir().mkdir("path/to/dir");
}

Check if a file exists or not

Use QFileInfo class. 

bool fileExists(QString path) {
    QFileInfo checkFile(path);
    // check if file exists and if yes: Is it really a file and no directory?
    if (checkFile.exists() && checkFile.isFile()) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

Qt Designer

From C++ GUI Programming with Qt book Chapter 2:

In the constructor, we call setupUi() to initialize the form. Thanks to multiple inheritance, we can access Ui::GoToCellDialog's members directly. After creating the user interface, setupUi() will also automatically connect any slots that follow the naming convention on_objectName_signalName() to the corresponding objectName's signalName() signal. In our example, this means that setupUi() will establish the following signal–slot connection: 

connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(const QString &)),
        this, SLOT(on_lineEdit_textChanged()));

However, just like the GUI created in VBA, the text in the QLabel can be cut. So it is best not to use Qt Designer from my opinion.

Using a Designer UI File in Your Application

http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/designer-using-a-ui-file.html

ui file (Direct approach) No ui
ui <a.ui> NA
header 
#include "ui_a.h"
class A:public QDialog
{
  private:
    Ui::A *ui;
}
 None
cpp 
A::A(QDialog *parent)
  :QDialog(parent),
   ui(new Ui::A)
{
}
 
A:A(QWidget *parent)
 :QDialog(parent)
{
}

Cross compile Windows app on Linux

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10934683/how-do-i-configure-qt-for-cross-compilation-from-linux-to-windows-target

QProcess

Synchronous processing of QProcess (without freezing the gui)

Google: Qprocess synchronous use. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11191988/qt-synchronous-processing-of-qprocess-without-freezing-the-gui 

[...]
ui->status->setText("Do something with program 1");
proc1.setReadChannelMode(QProcess::SeparateChannels);
proc1.start("program 1 -args", QIODevice::ReadWrite);
connect(proc1, SIGNAL(finished(int, QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(finishedProc1()))
[...]

void finishedProc1()
{
   ui->status->setText("Do something with program 2");
   proc2.setReadChannelMode(QProcess::SeparateChannels);
   proc2.start("program 2 -args", QIODevice::ReadWrite);
   connect(proc2, SIGNAL(finished(int, QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(finishedProc2()))
}

void finishedProc2()
{
  [...]
}

QProcess: Destroyed while process is still running

If I manually clicked the 'x' button to close an application, I will get this message in Qt-Creator output window.

How to solve this problem?

Reading the system() command output

Use QProcess. See this post. 

QProcess process;
process.start(/* command line stuff */);
process.waitForFinished(-1); // will wait forever until finished

QString stdout = process.readAllStandardOutput();
QString stderr = process.readAllStandardError();

Example Redirect Real-Time Standard Output to QTextEdit

http://www.codeprogress.com/cpp/libraries/qt/showQtExample.php?index=474&key=QProcessRedirectOutput

Example from Chapter 12 of FQD

The way the designer form was used in the code is exactly the same as the calculator example (Single Inheritance Approach).

1. We have to change line 62 from 

arguments << "-tr" << "MYTR" << "/processdialog.ui";

to 

arguments << "-tr" << "MYTR" << "../processes/processdialog.ui";

So the code looks like 

#include <QProcess>

#include "processdialog.h"

ProcessDialog::ProcessDialog() : QDialog()
{
  process = 0;
  
  ui.setupUi( this );
  
  connect( ui.uicButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(runUic()) );
}

void ProcessDialog::runUic()
{
  ui.uicButton->setEnabled( false );
  ui.textEdit->setText( "" );
  
  if( process )
    delete process;
  process = new QProcess( this );
  
  connect( process, SIGNAL(error(QProcess::ProcessError)), this, SLOT(handleError(QProcess::ProcessError)) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(finished(int,QProcess::ExitStatus)), this, SLOT(handleFinish(int,QProcess::ExitStatus)) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(readyReadStandardError()), this, SLOT(handleReadStandardError()) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(readyReadStandardOutput()), this, SLOT(handleReadStandardOutput()) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(started()), this, SLOT(handleStarted()) );
  connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );

  QStringList arguments;
  arguments << "-tr" << "MYTR" << "../processes/processdialog.ui";
  process->start( "uic", arguments );
}
void ProcessDialog::handleError( QProcess::ProcessError error ) {}
void ProcessDialog::handleFinish( int code, QProcess::ExitStatus status ) {}
void ProcessDialog::handleReadStandardError() {}
void ProcessDialog::handleReadStandardOutput() {}
void ProcessDialog::handleStarted() {}
void ProcessDialog::handleStateChange( QProcess::ProcessState state ) {}

2. In output, it shows 

New status: Starting    <= connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );
...
New status: Running     <= connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );
Started                 <= connect( process, SIGNAL(started()), this, SLOT(handleStarted()) );

New status: Not running <= connect( process, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QProcess::ProcessState)), this, SLOT(handleStateChange(QProcess::ProcessState)) );
Normal exit(0)

Chapter 11.4 of The Book of Qt 4

Synchronous use of QProcess: showtar example

Note: for some reason, when I change the 'tar' command to 'ls -l' command and argv[1] to be some directory, the command does not give an output?? 

#include <QtGui>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  if (argc < 2) 
    return 1;

  QApplication app(argc, argv);

  QProcess tar;
  QStringList env = QProcess::systemEnvironment();
  env.replaceInStrings(QRegExp("^LANG=(.*)"),"LANG=C");
  tar.setEnvironment(env);
  QStringList args;
  args << "tf" << argv[1];
  tar.start("tar", args);
  QByteArray output;
  while ( tar.waitForReadyRead() )
    output += tar.readAll();
  QStringList entries = QString::fromLocal8Bit(output).split('\n');
  entries.removeLast();

  QListWidget w;

  QIcon fileIcon = app.style()->standardIcon(QStyle::SP_FileIcon); 
  QIcon dirIcon = app.style()->standardIcon(QStyle::SP_DirClosedIcon);

  foreach(QString entry, entries) {
    if (entry.endsWith('/'))
      new QListWidgetItem(dirIcon, entry, &w);
    else
      new QListWidgetItem(fileIcon, entry, &w);
  }

  w.show();
  return app.exec();
}

Asynchronous use of QProcess: Lineparseprocess example 

// main.cpp
#include <QtGui>
#include "lineparserprocess.h"

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  if (argc < 2) return 1;
  QApplication app(argc, argv);
  QListWidget w;
  LineParserProcess process(&w);
  process.setWorkingDirectory(QString::fromLocal8Bit(argv[1]));
  process.start("ls", QStringList() << "-Rl" );
  w.show();
  return app.exec();
}

// lineparserprocess.cpp
#include <QtGui>
#include <QDebug>
#include "lineparserprocess.h"

LineParserProcess::LineParserProcess(QListWidget *w, QObject *parent)
  : QProcess(parent), listWidget(w)
{
  connect(this, SIGNAL(readyRead()), SLOT(readData()));
  QStringList env = systemEnvironment();
  env.replaceInStrings(QRegExp("^LANG=(.*)"),"LANG=C");
  setEnvironment(env);
}

void LineParserProcess::readData()
{
  QByteArray line;
  while (!(line = readLine()).isEmpty())
     new QListWidgetItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(line), listWidget);
}

Show table text file in QTableWidget

http://qt-project.org/forums/viewthread/31706 

#include <QApplication>
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTableWidget>
#include <QTableWidgetItem>
#include <QFile>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QTextStream>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QDebug>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    QMainWindow *window = new QMainWindow();
    QMessageBox msg;

    QFile file("Data.txt");
    if(!file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
    msg.information(0,"Error!","Error opening file!",0);

    QTextStream in(&file);
    QStringList *loadCsv;
    QTableWidget *myTable=new QTableWidget();

    int rowsCount = 1;

    while(!in.atEnd())
    {
        loadCsv = new QStringList(in.readLine().split(";"));
        myTable->setRowCount(rowsCount);
        myTable->setColumnCount(loadCsv->size());
        for(int col = 0; col < loadCsv->size(); ++col)
        {
            QTableWidgetItem *items= new QTableWidgetItem(loadCsv->at(col));
            myTable->setItem((rowsCount - 1), col, items);
        }
        rowsCount++;
        delete loadCsv;
    }
    window->setCentralWidget(myTable);
    window->show();
    return app.exec();
}

and the Data.txt file 

bq. John Kl;34;1335532;CA;0444344
Kuma jo;54;44432;NY;0322355
Lebal ho;24;44022;NY;0110004

Creating spinning image/progress spinner, progressbar

Circular qprogress.png

  • A progress bar with an expandable details when we install new packages in Ubuntu (2x Ubuntu Mate and 1x Ubuntu Unity)

Mate softwareUpdate done.png Mate softwareUpdater.png Installpackage2.png Installpackage.png UnitysoftwareUpdate.png

Note that the icon (box with a '+' sign) is located in /usr/share/icons/Humanity/status/48/aptdaemon-add.svg.

Extract files

QuaZip to extract file and show its progress in QProgressDialog

How Win32 Disk Imager know the progress

// from v0.9 <mainwindow.cpp>
void MainWindow::on_bWrite_clicked()
{
    progressbar->reset();

    hFile = getHandleOnFile(LPCWSTR(leFile->text().data()), GENERIC_READ);
    *sectorsize = (unsigned long long)diskgeometry.Geometry.BytesPerSector;
    numsectors = getFileSizeInSectors(hFile, sectorsize);

    progressbar->setRange(0, (numsectors == 0ul) ? 100 : (int)numsectors);
    lasti = 0ul;
    timer.start();
    for (i = 0ul; i < numsectors && status == STATUS_READING; i += 1024ul)
    {
        sectorData = readSectorDataFromHandle(hFile, i, (numsectors - i >= 1024ul) ? 1024ul:(numsectors - i), sectorsize);
        ....
        delete sectorData;
        sectorData = NULL;

        QCoreApplication::processEvents();
        if (timer.elapsed() >= 1000)
        {
            mbpersec = (((double)sectorsize * (i - lasti)) * (1000.0 / timer.elapsed())) / 1024.0 / 1024.0;
            statusbar->showMessage(QString("%1MB/s").arg(mbpersec));
            timer.start();
            lasti = i;
        }

        progressbar->setValue(i);
        QCoreApplication::processEvents();
    }
    ....
    progressbar->reset();
}

See also

Running a terminal process

Google: qprogressbar readyReadStandardOutput OR qprogressbar shell script 

progressbar->setvalue(download->readAll().toInt());
echo sudoPass | sudo -S COMMAND
  • See examples of readyReadStandardOutput() in Qt books (such as an intro to design patters in c++ with qt4).

QApplication::processEvents() - Staying Responsive during Intensive Processing

http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1405544&seqNum=3

Download, QNetworkAccessManager, QNetworkReply

$ ./DownloadfromURL https://github.com/arraytools/toy/archive/master.zip
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://github.com/arraytools/toy/archive/master.zip succeded (saved to master.zip)
$ cat master.zip
<html><body>You are being <a href="https://codeload.github.com/arraytools/toy/zip/master">redirected</a>.</body></html>
# Actually the downloaded file is not right!
$ ./NetworkDownloadExample https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arraytools/bdge/master/install_rnaseq.sh  # works
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arraytools/bdge/master/install_rnaseq.sh succeeded (saved to install_rnaseq.sh)
$ ls -l install_rnaseq.sh 
-rw-r--r-- 1 brb brb 6694 Sep 29 12:21 install_rnaseq.sh

$ ./NetworkDownloadExample https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip # not works
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method
qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_server_method
Download of https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip succeeded (saved to master.zip)
$ ls -l master.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 brb brb 120 Sep 29 12:16 master.zip

$ # rebuild Qt 5.7.0 on Linux Mint with -openssl-linked. Then test the binary on Ubuntu 12.04 machine.
$ # no more complains of "qt.network.ssl: QSslSocket: cannot resolve SSLv2_client_method" and the file can be downloaded completely
$ ./NetworkDownloadExample https://ftp-trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/sdk/2.7.0/sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz
Download of https://ftp-trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/sdk/2.7.0/sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz succeeded (saved to sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz)
$ ls -lth sratoolkit*
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mli mli 61M Sep 29 15:37 sratoolkit.2.7.0-ubuntu64.tar.gz

Google: how to use qt download binary files https with progress bar

Here we want to ensure

  • https instead of http
  • binary file (nothing special)
  • progress bar (use QProgressDialog)

SSL

Github and take-home messages

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/20774727/how-does-github-releases-generate-archive-filenames 

$ curl --head https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip
HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Server: GitHub.com
Date: Sun, 02 Oct 2016 19:14:48 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Status: 302 Found
Cache-Control: no-cache
Vary: X-PJAX
Location: https://codeload.github.com/arraytools/bdge/zip/master
X-UA-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1
Set-Cookie: logged_in=no; domain=.github.com; path=/; expires=Thu, 02 Oct 2036 19:14:48 -0000; secure; HttpOnly
Set-Cookie: _gh_sess=eyJzZXNzaW9uX2lkIjoiMGUxMTZhOTBkZTUyZDBmNGQ2ODgyNDAwMDhmMzBlYTEiLCJzcHlfcmVwbyI6ImFycmF5dG9vbHMvYmRnZSIsInNweV9yZXBvX2F0IjoxNDc1NDM1Njg4fQ%3D%3D--65e86f9f830aeb6d760165f11a2a668e96729802; path=/; secure; HttpOnly
X-Request-Id: 00cf137d95b9d718f8fe3e8c90502993
X-Runtime: 0.011499
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$ # Write output to a file named as the remote file, follow redirects and use the header-provided filename:
$ curl -LOJ https://github.com/arraytools/bdge/archive/master.zip
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   120    0   120    0     0    269      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--   270
100 54475  100 54475    0     0  50078      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--  287k
curl: Saved to filename 'bdge-master.zip'

The take-home messages:

  • Github will redirect the download url (https://github.com) to another real url (https://codeload.github.com)
  • If we use the real url in the Qt code, it will download the binary zip file successfully
  • If we use the original url obtained from the github.com, our code has to be able to redirect the url. If it can, the final zip file can be downloaded successfully; if not, the downloaded file is just an HTML document.

Cpp and libcurl

$ dpkg -l libcurl* | grep '^i' 
ii  libcurl3:amd64             7.35.0-1ubuntu2.9 amd64 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (OpenSSL flavour)
ii  libcurl3-gnutls:amd64      7.35.0-1ubuntu2.9 amd64 easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (GnuTLS flavour)
ii  libcurl4-openssl-dev:amd64 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.9 amd64 development files and documentation for libcurl (OpenSSL flavour)

$ dpkg -l libssl* | grep '^i' 
ii  libssl-dev:amd64   1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  amd64        Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
ii  libssl-doc         1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  all          Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development documentation
ii  libssl1.0.0:amd64  1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  amd64        Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
ii  libssl1.0.0:i386   1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.21  i386         Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries

Adding a child to QMainWindow

This is related to the error message Attempting to set QLayout "" on MainWindow "", which already has a layout. See

Shape-Changing Dialogs

Extension Dialogs

Multi-page dialogs

QTabWidget and QToolBox

Dialog examples of successful installation

  • VirtualBox - install a new version of extension pack

Success vbox.png

  • JDK

Success jdk.png

qtextedit change font individual paragraph

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27716625/qtextedit-change-font-of-individual-paragraph-block

Collapsible/Expandable Group Box

Resize a window to fit its contents

Screen

Place widget in the center of screen

#include <QDesktopWidget>
...
Widget w;
w.move(QApplication::desktop()->screen()->rect().center() - w.rect().center());
w.show();

Another example is still based on QDesktopWidget 

QRect rec = QApplication::desktop()->screenGeometry();
height = rec.height();
width = rec.width();

Choose the primary display when multiple monitors are used.

Query current window size

QFontMetrics

Font's baseline in y-axis is not on top. It is on bottom. See the image explanation below.

height() = ascent() + descent() + 1

Control the application font (and size)

Qt fonts have different sizes on different systems 

QFont _Font("Tahoma", 9);
QApplication::setFont(_Font);

Resource file

Create a resource file

For example, if we want to include an image as a background for QTextEdit, then we can do put the following in <main.cpp> 

#include <QtGui>

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
     QApplication app(argc, argv);

     QTextEdit* edit = new QTextEdit();
     edit->setWindowTitle("QTextEdit Background Image");

     edit->setStyleSheet("background-image: url(:/image/cherryblossom_pink.jpg)");

     // the following 4 lines are playing with font       
     edit->setTextColor(QColor("white"));
     edit->setFont (QFont ("Courier", 20));
     edit->setText("Can you see me?");
     edit->setGeometry(100,100, 480, 272);

     edit->show();
     return app.exec();
}

The image file <cherryblossom_pink.jpg> can be (not necessary) in the source directory.

To add a resource file

  1. right click project name and choose 'add new'
  2. choose 'Qt resource file'. Enter 'resource' for the resource file name (Qt will add .qrc as ext name)
  3. click 'Add Prefix'. Type '/image' for instance.
  4. click 'Add file'. It will open a file explorer for us to browse files we want.
  5. We can refer to this image file by adding colon, prefix and file name such as the above example.

The image file will part of executable file. We can access the file at run time. We can add any files in the resource file. The prefix mechanism is just a way to organize these files when we want to refer them in our code.

If the image is used as an icon, we can do like here 

QIcon(":/image/simple-triangle.jpg")

Re-compile resource file

If some files in the resource got changed, it won't be reflected on the next project build.

To fix the problem, we can open the qrc file in a text editor (Or right select the qrc file in Qt Creator -> Open with -> Plain Text Editor) and do a non-functional change. Save and then rebuild the project. See this post.

Search files in a directory (QDir and QStringList)

#include <QApplication>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QDir>
#include <QtDebug>
int main(int argv, char **args)
{
   QApplication app(argv, args);

   QStringList nameFilter("*.fastq");
   QDir directory("/home/brb/Anders2013small");
   QStringList files = directory.entryList(nameFilter);
   for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); ++i)
       qDebug() << files.at(i) ;

   return app.exec();
}

QTimer, QBasicTimer, QObject::timerEvent(QTimerEvent * event)

// main.cpp
#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include "mytimer.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    MyTimer mTimer;
    return a.exec();
}

// mytimer.cpp
#include "mytimer.h"
#include <QtCore>
#include <QDebug>
MyTimer::MyTimer()
{
    timer = new QTimer(this);
    connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(MySlot()));
    timer->start(1000);
}

void MyTimer::MySlot()
{
    qDebug() << "Timer executed"; // print out every 1 second
}

Wiggly example 

// wigglywidget.cpp
WigglyWidget::WigglyWidget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
    ...
    timer.start(60, this); // every 60 milliseconds
}

void WigglyWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent * /* event */)
{

}

void WigglyWidget::timerEvent(QTimerEvent *event)
{
    if (event->timerId() == timer.timerId()) {
        ++step;
        update(); // update the widget
    } else {
	QWidget::timerEvent(event);
    }    
}

// dialog.cpp
Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent, bool smallScreen)
    : QDialog(parent)
{
    WigglyWidget *wigglyWidget = new WigglyWidget;
    ...
    connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(textChanged(QString)),
            wigglyWidget, SLOT(setText(QString)));
    ...
}

QRegExp

#include <QApplication>
#include <QString>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QRegExp>
#include <QDebug>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
   QString str;
   str = QString("-o Serum") ;
   QStringList strlist;
   strlist = str.split(" ");
   QRegExp rx("Ser");
   foreach (const QString &str, strlist) {
       qDebug() << "str " << str ;
       qDebug() << "indexIn " << rx.indexIn(str);
        }
   qDebug() << "strlist.indexOf('Serum')" << strlist.indexOf("Serum");

   if (strlist.indexOf("-p") < 0 && strlist.indexOf("--num-threads")) strlist << "-p 5";
   foreach (const QString &str, strlist) {
       qDebug() << str ;
        }
   qDebug() << strlist.join(" ");
}

gives an output 

str  "-o" 
indexIn  -1 
str  "Serum" 
indexIn  0 
strlist.indexOf('Serum') 1 
"-o" 
"Serum" 
"-p 5" 
"-o Serum -p 5"

Query number of threads in CPU

#include <QThread>
....
qDebug() << QThread::idealThreadCount();

Sockets

Some application examples

  • Sending images (FQD, Chapter 14)
  • Trip planner (C++GUIQt4, Chapter 15)
  • (TBQt4, Chapter 11.5)
  • (DesignPatters, not covering)
  • (AQtPr, not covering)
  • Trip palnner

Request sudo password/Authentication

Below are screenshots of the GUI how Ubuntu requests the password from users.

SoftwareUpdate.png SoftwareUpdate2.png

UserSettings.png

Note the the 3rd icon is available in /usr/share/icons/Humanity/apps/48/stock_keyring.svg (at least Ubuntu 14.04).

In Ubuntu OS, a simple way to create a dialog is by using the Zenity command (pre-installed in Ubuntu). See howtogeek.

Qt Graphics, Display

Qt Graphics with Multiple Displays on Embedded Linux. It discusses eglfs, Wayland and X11.

Qt from git on the Tinkerboard (with Wayland). Ignore X11 and focus on running Qt applications via eglfs with the DRM/KMS backend.

Unity style global menubar

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopExperienceTeam/ApplicationMenu

PDF

New QtLabs PDF module. PDFium the open-source PDF rendering engine which is used for viewing PDFs in Chromium is available.

Serialization

Serialization in and with Qt

SourceForge

https://sourceforge.net/directory/os:linux/?q=Qt

Qt-Apps.org

http://qt-apps.org/ is a good source to find open source projects based on Qt.

Graphics

Scientific

Sound Application

Qt Widget

  • AnalogWidgets It builds on my Beaglebone black after I edit the file <Flags.pri> to remove lines containing "-march=core2" and "-mfpmath=sse". Just run 'qmake' and 'make' and it'll build successfully. The only problem is the BBB's screen is too small so I have to kill it from another way.
  • Virtual keyboard
  • Image cropper
  • QProgressIndicator
  • QProg

Qt games

Webkit Browser

RTOS

Trouble Shooting

Application crashed

On Qt Creator, we will get a message 'The program has unexpectedly finished'.

On a terminal, we will get a message 'Segmentation fault (core dumped)'.

Some hints:

Linker error: undefined reference to vtable for

Rerun qmake command. See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2555816/qt-linker-error-undefined-reference-to-vtable/3650758#3650758

Note that the Makefile created using qmake is under the source directory while the Makefile created by Qt Creator is under the Debug/Release. So we need to cp the Makefile to the appropriate directory OR rm Makefile before we rebuild the project in Qt Creator.

QWidget no such file or directory

Make sure .pro file includes the line 

QT += gui

Undefined reference to vtable

Close the project in Qt-Creator. Open a terminal, cd to the project directory and run 

qmake -project
qmake
make

If the main program contains class definitions w/ SIGNAL & SLOT, you may get the same error undefined reference to `vtable for MyWidget'. Follow the instruction in this post.

It looks like moc doesn't generate code for your QObject because you declare it in the .cpp file. The easiest way to fix that is to move the declaration of MyWindow to a header, and add the header to the HEADERS list, in the .pro file: 

HEADERS += yourheader.h

Then rerun qmake.

Gtk-CRITICAL **: IA__gtk_widget_style_get: assertion `GTK_IS_WIDGET (widget)' failed

See this post from stackoverflow.com.

Couldn't register with accessibility bus:

Did not receive a reply. Possible causes include: the remote application did not send a reply, the message bus security policy blocked the reply, the reply timeout expired, or the network connection was broken.

One solution is to open a terminal, run the following line 

export NO_AT_BRIDGE=1

and finally run the application from the same terminal.

R packages

qtbase

qtpaint

qtutils

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