Grub: Difference between revisions

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== Not see Grub after re-install/upgrade Windows ==
== Not see Grub after re-install/upgrade Windows ==
[https://itsfoss.com/no-grub-windows-linux/ Fix Grub Not Showing For Windows 10 Linux Dual Boot]
[https://itsfoss.com/no-grub-windows-linux/ Fix Grub Not Showing For Windows 10 Linux Dual Boot]
== Not see Windows in Grub menu ==
<pre>
sudo apt install os-prober
echo 'GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false' | sudo tee -a /etc/default/grub
sudo os-prober
sudo update-grub
</pre>


== Add a new entry to boot an ISO ==
== Add a new entry to boot an ISO ==
Line 82: Line 92:


= Triple boot =
= Triple boot =
[https://www.reddit.com/r/batocera/comments/108g856/comment/j3s11g0/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3 Adding Batocera on dual boot]. Essentially, I had to install each while only their drive was in the computer. I did '''Xubuntu last''', then added the other two drives and did a bunch of fiddling with Grub for it to pick up the OS's.
* [https://itsfoss.com/triple-boot-windows-linux/ Complete Guide To Triple Boot Windows, Lubuntu And Debian]
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/batocera/comments/108g856/comment/j3s11g0/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x&context=3 Adding Batocera on dual boot]. Essentially, I had to install each while only their drive was in the computer. I did '''Xubuntu last''', then added the other two drives and did a bunch of fiddling with Grub for it to pick up the OS's.


= Where is grub installed =
= Where is grub installed =
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* [https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/convert-mbr-gpt-windows/ How to Convert MBR to GPT Without Losing Data in Windows]
* [https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/convert-mbr-gpt-windows/ How to Convert MBR to GPT Without Losing Data in Windows]
* [https://www.slax.org/starting.php slax] Linux asks your disk uses msdos partition scheme (use MBR, not GPT).
* [https://www.slax.org/starting.php slax] Linux asks your disk uses msdos partition scheme (use MBR, not GPT).
= Share files between OSes =
Create a completely separate partition using a suitable filesystem, such as NTFS that both can read.


= Run Live Linux on Ram Disk =
= Run Live Linux on Ram Disk =
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*# Eject & unplug the USB drive.
*# Eject & unplug the USB drive.


= Increase root partition in Live session =
== Increase root partition in Live session ==
* For Ubuntu/Mint, the "toram" option in boot can get about 3.9GB root partition. So I cannot test the "dd" command to back up a DVD disk since it requires more than 3.9GB space for the final iso file.
* For Ubuntu/Mint, the "toram" option in boot can get about 3.9GB root partition. So I cannot test the "dd" command to back up a DVD disk since it requires more than 3.9GB space for the final iso file.
* [https://superuser.com/questions/753134/how-to-adjust-the-size-of-the-root-partition-on-live-arch-linux-system-dev-ma How to adjust the size of the root partition on live Arch Linux system?]
* [https://superuser.com/questions/753134/how-to-adjust-the-size-of-the-root-partition-on-live-arch-linux-system-dev-ma How to adjust the size of the root partition on live Arch Linux system?]
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[https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Fedora-37-Deprecate-BIOS Fedora 37 Looks To Deprecate Legacy BIOS Support]
[https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Fedora-37-Deprecate-BIOS Fedora 37 Looks To Deprecate Legacy BIOS Support]


= BIOS, CMOS, UEFI =
= BIOS, CMOS, UEFI, AHCI =
[https://youtu.be/LGz0Io_dh_I BIOS, CMOS, UEFI - What's the difference?] (video)
* [https://youtu.be/LGz0Io_dh_I BIOS, CMOS, UEFI - What's the difference?] (video)
 
== AHCI vs RAID ==
* Installing Linux alongside Windows is usually fairly painless – for many installs, you don’t need to disable Secure Boot now as most distros are signed. However, sometimes, the installer runs but you can’t see your hard disk. This can be resolved by switching the hard disk mode from '''RAID''' to '''AHCI''' – provided you aren’t specifically using RAID features, this should cause no ill effects. You will need to give Windows a heads-up or you’ll get a blue screen!
* [[Dual_boot#Preparation|Dual boot - Preparation]]
 
= Accessed remotely while it's off =
[https://www.makeuseof.com/can-computer-be-accessed-while-its-off/ Can Your Computer Be Accessed Remotely While It’s Off?]


= Bootable DOS USB Drive for BIOS update =
= Bootable DOS USB Drive for BIOS update =

Latest revision as of 19:05, 12 October 2024

Resources

Repair/update Grub2

Ubuntu: Boot Repair

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair from a live USB

Not see Grub after re-install/upgrade Windows

Fix Grub Not Showing For Windows 10 Linux Dual Boot

Not see Windows in Grub menu

sudo apt install os-prober

echo 'GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false' | sudo tee -a /etc/default/grub

sudo os-prober
sudo update-grub

Add a new entry to boot an ISO

Pop_OS! does not use Grub, but rather systemd-boot

How to install grub menu on pop os?

Configuration - /etc/default/grub

How to Configure the GRUB2 Boot Loader’s Settings

Configuration options:

  • Scripts in /etc/grub.d
  • Configuration file at /etc/default/grub

Incorporating changes:

  • grub2-mkconfig (or grub-mkconfig for Grub v1) reads configurations and generates a new configuration for /boot/grub2 (or /boot/grub)

Show the grub2 screen

To show the grub2 screen, run sudo nano /etc/default/grub and comment out the line GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 and change the line GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="". Remember to run 'sudo update-grub' after any change to grub.

Change theme

How To Change GRUB Theme In Linux

Set Screen Resolution

Set Screen Resolution using Kernel Boot Parameter on Linux. I try "vga=ask" and "vga=341" and both do not work.

How do I set the grub timeout and the grub default boot entry?

https://askubuntu.com/questions/148095/how-do-i-set-the-grub-timeout-and-the-grub-default-boot-entry

  1. gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
  2. Change as you like. Save and closed the file.
    • You can change the default from 0 to any number
    • You can change the "hidden timeout" (no menu)
    • You can force the grub menu to show by commenting out the two GRUB_HIDDEN lines with a # at the beginning of the line
    • set the grub menu timeout (default is 10 seconds)
  3. sudo update-grub
  4. Reboot

Grub Customizer - GUI program

Add a splash image

Follow the instruction at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Displays. Note that Grub2 will search the image based on some priority and there are also some minor requirements on the images. To test 

sudo apt-get install grub2-splashimages
sudo cp /usr/share/images/grub/Moraine_Lake_17092005.tga /boot/grub/
sudo update-grub

Boot into command line

http://www.linuxandubuntu.com/home/how-to-boot-into-linux-command-line

  1. Highlight the first item (default) and press 'e' in the GRUB menu
  2. Navigate to the line that starts with ‘linux’, change the runlevel to 3 (at the end of the line). Level 3 means multi-user, command-line only system
  3. Press Ctrl+x or F10 to boot into

To switch back to GUI, type sudo init 5. Level 5 is the default.

Dual boot

How to setup a Windows 10, Linux Mint 19.1 Dual Boot with Encrypted Partitions on a Dell XPS 15 9560

Triple boot

Where is grub installed

MBR and GPT

Share files between OSes

Create a completely separate partition using a suitable filesystem, such as NTFS that both can read.

Run Live Linux on Ram Disk

Increase root partition in Live session

  • For Ubuntu/Mint, the "toram" option in boot can get about 3.9GB root partition. So I cannot test the "dd" command to back up a DVD disk since it requires more than 3.9GB space for the final iso file.
  • How to adjust the size of the root partition on live Arch Linux system?
  • How To Adjust The Size Of The Root Partition On Live Arch Linux. When you boot the Arch Linux livecd, press e or hit tab key to edit the kernel parameters. Go to the end of the line that says ".... linux=... initrd=...." something like that and append cow_spacesize=1G at the end to get 1GB size root partition or whatever space left from RAM. It seems that cow_spacesize is specific to Arch Linux and its derivatives.

Systemd

Legacy BIOS

Fedora 37 Looks To Deprecate Legacy BIOS Support

BIOS, CMOS, UEFI, AHCI

AHCI vs RAID

  • Installing Linux alongside Windows is usually fairly painless – for many installs, you don’t need to disable Secure Boot now as most distros are signed. However, sometimes, the installer runs but you can’t see your hard disk. This can be resolved by switching the hard disk mode from RAID to AHCI – provided you aren’t specifically using RAID features, this should cause no ill effects. You will need to give Windows a heads-up or you’ll get a blue screen!
  • Dual boot - Preparation

Accessed remotely while it's off

Can Your Computer Be Accessed Remotely While It’s Off?

Bootable DOS USB Drive for BIOS update

How to Create a Bootable DOS USB Drive

Dell Optiplex

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