Orange pi

Orange pi 5 plus

• Orange Pi 5 Plus (4GB/8GB/16GB)
• Wiki for Orange Pi 5 Plus.
• Orange pi 5 plus vs Orange pi 5. Orange pi 5 uses RK3588S & Gigabit ethernet but Orange Pi 5 plus uses RK3588 & 2.5G ethernet.
• RK3588 vs RK3588S

Booting from eMMC

• Enable to boot from eMMC is more convenient since it asks to clear SPIflash. Therefore, we can easily to switch to boot from eMMC or SD card.
  • By default SD card has a higher priority to boot than eMMC.
  • I can use eMMC as the main OS storage and use SD card to play with different OSs.
  • Even I follow the instruction to use RKDevTool to put a Linux image onto eMMC, I still cannot boot from eMMC until I clear SPIflash.
  • eMMC is /dev/mmcblk1, speed is 271 MB/s (sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/mmcblk1p2 )
  • SD is /dev/mmcblk0, speed is 62 MB/s (sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/mmcblk0p2 )

• From Linux

$ ls -l /dev/mtdblock0
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 31, 0 Dec 10 06:00 /dev/mtdblock0

sudo dd bs=1M if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mmcblk1 count=1000 status=progress
sudo sync

sudo dd bs=1M if=Orangepi5plus_x.x.x_debian_bullseye_desktop_xfce_linux5.10.110.img \
  of=/dev/mmcblk1 status=progress
sudo sync

• If you want to boot from eMMC on the Orange Pi 5 Plus, you would need to clear the /dev/mtdblock0 partition. This is because the /dev/mtdblock0 partition typically contains the bootloader, and clearing it allows you to install a new bootloader that can boot from the eMMC.
  • Here is a general guide on how you can do this: Boot Armbian from an SD card.
  • Clear the SPI flash memory by running the following command in the terminal: sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/mtdblock0 bs=1M count=1

• OpenFyde

• rkdeveloptool

• Need help with Orange Pi 5 Plus emmc
• Need help with orange pi 5 plus emmc boot. Use Josha's image. No Maskrom. rkdeveloptool & MiniLoaderAll.bin
• NEW Orange Pi 5B. Installing Custom Ubuntu to eMMC drive. Windows OS is required. RKDevTool is needed. 1. install a driver (DriverAssistant). Run DriverInstall.exe, 2. Run RKDevTool.exe. Full list of videos from leepsvideo.
• Armbian Orangepi 5B can not boot from emmc
• Using Windows VM on a Linux
• RKDevTool/rkdeveloptool by radxa.com.

Booting from NVME

• The instruction on wiki How to burn Linux image to SPIFlash+NVMe SSD->The method of using the dd command to burn works when I tested on Debian 11 KDE Plasma installed on a SD card.
  1. burn the u-boot image into the SPI Flash

     sudo nand-sata-install
     # select 7 Install/Update ther bootloader on SPI Flash

  2. use 'dd' to clear the NVMe SSD & burn the linux image to NVME SSD
• The NVME speed is 2046 MB/s by using the command sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/nvme0n1p2 . The NVME is inland TN450 (500GB).
• What is /dev/mtdblock0
  • In the context of the Orange Pi 5 Plus, the /dev/mtdblock0 partition is used to store the bootloader.
  • Booting directly from a USB or NVMe requires flashing U-Boot to the SPI.
  • How to boot Orange pi 5 from SATA m.2 SSD (for Orange pi OS and Armbian)
• Change SD card’s rootfs UUID method. Orange Pi 5 NVMe/SATA SSD Boot Guide.

SPI flash, non-volatile memory

• Prime for SPI flash
  • SPI Flash in a Single Board Computer (SBC) refers to a type of flash memory that uses the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) for communication. This is a common type of non-volatile memory used in SBCs and other embedded systems.
  • Many embedded systems, including SBCs, use non-volatile memory to store boot code, configuration parameters, and other data that persist when the system is powered down. Common Flash technologies include Parallel or SPI NOR flash, SLC NAND, and eMMC devices.
  • In the context of system booting, the processor starts executing at the reset vector and attempts to execute the first code. Some processors have a small internal boot ROM that can be programmed at manufacturing time. The boot ROM can also detect where the bootloader was stored; for example, in an external NOR or NAND flash device.
  • If a NOR Flash device is used to store the bootloader, the processor can directly run off the Flash device. This method is commonly called eXecute In Place (XIP). If a NAND or eMMC device is used, boot code first needs to be copied to the system’s RAM. Then the processor can jump to the RAM space and execute. This method is called shadowing or Store-and-Download (SnD).
  • For example, the ROCKPro64 SBC has a 128Mbit SPI Flash, and the Odroid N2+ SBC features an 8MB SPI flash with a boot select switch and Petitboot app.
• Orange Pi 5
  • NVMe boot . Orange Pi 5 computer Setup from Scratch HOWTO . Batocera JELOS Armbian downloaded.

  # Put Armbian onto SD card
  lsblk
  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd bs=4M count=5
  sudo sync
  sudo dd if=Armbian*.img of=/dev/sdd bs=1M status=progress
  sudo sync
  lsblk
  sudo eject /dev/sdd
  lsblk
  
  # Back up img files to a flash drive
  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc bs=4M count=5
  sudo sync
  sudo fdisk /dev/sdc  # g, n, ENTER, ENTER, ENTER, w
  sudo sync
  sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1
  sudo sync
  lsblk
  mkdir hey
  sudo mount /dev/sdc1 hey
  sudo cp *.img hey/
  sudo umount /dev/sdc1
  sudo eject /dev/sdc
  
  # Mount a flash drive, back up SPI firmware (optional)
  lsblk
  mkdir hey
  sudo mount /dev/sda1 hey
  cd hey
  lsblk
  sudo dd if=/dev/mtdblock0 of=orangepi5_SPI.img status=progress
  sudo sync
  sudo cp /usr/lib/linux-u-boot-legacy-orangepi5_23.05.0-trunk_arm64/rkspi_loader.img ./
  sync
  
  # Upgrade SPI
  sudo dd if=rkspi_loader.img of=/dev/mtdblock0 status=progress
  sudo sync
  lsblk # look at the size of mtdblock0

  At this point, we are ready to put Linux images (eg Batocera) on nvme

  lsblk
  sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nvme0n1 bs=4M count=5
  sudo sync
  sudo dd if=batocera.img of=/dev/nvme0n1 bs=4M status=progress
  sudo sync

Android OS

• For enhanced security, it is recommended to install the SDDiskTool on a virtual machine or a non-critical Windows system. This precautionary measure can help mitigate potential security risks. I experienced a blue screen error during my initial use of the software, which underscores the importance of this safety advice..
• The instructions provided for installing onto an SD card work. However, to successfully boot from the SD card, it is necessary to remove the eMMC first.
• The Android OS image is not optimized for a large screen. So it is better to use Orange Pi OS (Droid) instead.

Armbian

• Orange Pi 5 Plus review with Armbian (4k) 12/13/2023
  • How to build armbian
  • Use 'Disks' utility to write an image to SD card
  • Game testing
  • box64 was used to run x86_64 Linux programs (such as games) on non-x86_64 Linux systems, like ARM. H-craft, Colin McRae Rally, GTA3.
  • wine, TrackMania Nations Forever
  • RetroPie/emulationstation

• The Orange Pi 5 just got a Great OS. Armbian Linux 1/3/2023

JELOS

https://jelos.org/devices/orange-pi/orange-pi-5/

Tips

• How to disable automatic login on latest Debian OPI 5