Udoo: Difference between revisions

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== Lack of a media player hardware decoding ==
== Lack of a media player hardware decoding/acceleration ==
For example the omxplayer in the Raspberry Pi.
For example the omxplayer in the Raspberry Pi.
Still not available on Udoobuntu 2 beta 3.


== Flash video ==
== Flash video ==

Revision as of 22:26, 30 November 2015

Documentation

Display

Screenshot

The lcd has a 9 inch touchscreen from SainSmart. The UDOO dual is running UDOObuntu 2.0 beta 2.

SainSmart9inch.jpg Udoo9inch720p.jpg

Change display resolution

As you can see the font size is too small (the resolution is 1080). So I need to use the xrandr command to change the resolution. 

xrandr             # show all possible resolutions, the maximum is 8192x8192 and minimum is 240x240.
                   # the current available resolutions ranges from 640x480p up to 1920x1080p.
xrandr -s 1280x720 # the phy resol 1024x600 does not work since it is not one of the choices

Note that the 'DISP3 BG' output seems to be related to Freescale. See for example here. Google xrandr disp3 freescale.

The change works only for this session. After logout/reboot, the screen resolution goes to its default.

A permanent solution is on

Add new resolutions

The available resolutions does not include 800x480 which was used in other devices like the official Raspberry Pi touch display. The close one is 720x480 which makes font looks wider than it should be.

To add this resolution, see my Linux page.

More Resource

Facebook

https://www.facebook.com/udooboard

Community

Benchmark

udooer@udoo:~$ sysbench --test=cpu --num-threads=1 --cpu-max-prime=2000 run
sysbench 0.4.12:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1

Doing CPU performance benchmark

Threads started!
Done.

Maximum prime number checked in CPU test: 2000


Test execution summary:
    total time:                          23.7552s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 23.7448
    per-request statistics:
         min:                                  2.36ms
         avg:                                  2.37ms
         max:                                  6.99ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               2.39ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           10000.0000/0.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   23.7448/0.00

udooer@udoo:~$ sysbench --test=cpu --num-threads=2 --cpu-max-prime=2000 run
sysbench 0.4.12:  multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 2

Doing CPU performance benchmark

Threads started!
Done.

Maximum prime number checked in CPU test: 2000


Test execution summary:
    total time:                          12.3073s
    total number of events:              10000
    total time taken by event execution: 24.5942
    per-request statistics:
         min:                                  2.36ms
         avg:                                  2.46ms
         max:                                 17.47ms
         approx.  95 percentile:               2.41ms

Threads fairness:
    events (avg/stddev):           5000.0000/39.00
    execution time (avg/stddev):   12.2971/0.00

Download and create uSD card

The download files can be found on sourceforge.net.

Create microSD from image

http://www.udoo.org/getting-started/creating-a-bootable-micro-sd-card-from-image/ 

sudo umount /dev/sdc*
sudo dd bs=4M if=~/Downloads/UDOObuntu_dual_v2.0beta2.img of=/dev/sdc 
# take 6 minutes on a 32GB class 10 uSD card, 8.5MB/s, 2.9GB copied
sudo sync

Follow this post to extend the size of /dev/root to the SD card capacity. Note that the first command is fdisk /dev/mmcblk0 ('f' is lost there). The operations can be done in a live session (i.e. udoo is in action) similar to the Beaglebone case. Another way is to use the Udoo Configuration Tool. However, both methods do not work very well. The first method cannot boot and the second method can only extend up to 15GB. A better way is to use Gparted program (Linux OS) and work on this on another computer. Gparted allows me to fully use 32GB uSD card.

Create microSD from binaries

We first download the binaries from http://www.udoo.org/downloads/#tab2. Then we follow the instruction on elinux.org to download 4 files (file system, U-boot, Kernel and Kernel modules) and then to create the microSD card. This method works for Debian, Ubuntu, Linaro OS.

Create your own Ubuntu FS using Chroot

If we want to create an image based on ubuntu 14.04, we can follow the following posts:

My note of installing Ubuntu 14.04

  • the whole process is actually quicker and easier compared to install a SD image
  • chroot part seems unnecessary
  • htop command shows only 39 MB/874 MB of memory is used (without any gui desktop, see also udoo.org page)
  • apt-get install lxde gets lots of errors that eventually making installing lxde desktop impossible for ubuntu 14.04 OS
  • gcc version is 4.8.2 for ubuntu 14.04

Compile Android from sources

Back up/Save to microSD card

Suppose my microSD card is on /dev/sdc. 

sudo dd bs=1M if=/dev/sdc of=~/Udoo-backup.bin
sudo dd bs=1M if=~/Udoo-backup.bin of=/dev/sdc

u-boot

http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/handy-u-boot-trick

UDOObuntu

For some reason, the system freezes about 25 minutes (shown on htop screen). Maybe it is because the version is beta.

(Update) The 1.1 stable looks better. Froze after 1 day 12 hrs (shown from a terminal running the htop program). Since v1.1 is based on Ubuntu 12.04, the gcc is quite old (v4.6.3).

UDOOBuntu includes several pre-installed utilities such as vnc server (password is 'ubuntu'), Arduino IDE, OpenCV, ssh-server and Lubuntu Software Manager. To connect to UDOOBuntu from another machine, 

xtightvncviewer xxx.xxx.x.xxx:5901

(Update) The UDOObuntu 2.0 is more stable. The Logout screen shows UDOObuntu 2.0 beta2 is based on Lubuntu 14.04.

Android 4.3 Jelly Bean

Works fine. Installing gapps also works too. Youtube app does not work so don't bother to install it from Google app store.

Debian Wheezy armHF

The <udoo_dual_debian_wheezy_armhf_v1.1.zip> released on 2014-04-07 is based on debian wheezy 7.4. The gcc version is 4.6.3. The web browser is Iceweasel (supports flash although it is too SLOW). Running sudo apt-get update and sudo apt-get install gcc-4.7 will result in an error.

Arduino Programming

From Udoo itself

I can use dmesg | grep ttymxc3 to double check the device is attached.

Use sudo ln -sf /dev/ttymxc3 /dev/ttyS0 each time we boot the Ubuntu (or add it to the local.rc file to ensure it occurs on each boot) . See the forum discussion.

Simple LED sketch works well.

The Ethernet webServer sketch does not work. Why?

On an External computer

First I unplug J18 jumper, remove microSD card, and connect microUSB to CN6 in UDOO.

Download the official Arduino IDE 1.5.4.

I try to use dmesg | grep cp210x to check the device. The obstacle is the device is not found in Arduino IDE (No device found on ttyUSB0). If I try to follow 'Serial Driver' part to download and run 'make' , I will get an error 

Linux_3.x.x_VCP_Driver_Source/cp210x.c:164:12: Error： 'usb_serial_probe' undeclared here (not in a function)
Linux_3.x.x_VCP_Driver_Source/cp210x.c:165:16: Error :  'usb_serial_disconnect' undeclared here (not in a function)

Android

Android + Arduino

Switch_between_adb_Debug_and_ADK_connection

http://elinux.org/UDOO_Switch_between_adb_Debug_and_ADK_connection

Interaction between Linux and Arduino on Udoo using a serial port

The serial port /dev/ttymxc3 is used in UDOO.

There are two methods. I cannot write using the first method (see the script below). For the 2nd method, only one way direction works (tested Python and C).

For some reason, running the following command does not write the data to the file. 

sudo echo 1 > /dev/ttymxc3; cat /dev/ttymxc3  # NOTHING ??
ls -l /dev/ttymxc3 # timestamp is changed however

sudo apt-get install python-pip

It is interesting to the python-serial module has been used in Raspberry Pi + Arduino too.

Serial port monitor

http://www.udoo.org/ProjectsAndTutorials/connecting-via-serial-cable/

minicom

On Linux, I can use minicom program to monitor serial port. We can install it by using 'sudo apt-get install minicom'.

Use sudo minicom -s to configure minicom first. Make sure the serial port is correct. For example, use /dev/ttyS0 when we use UDOO and dev/ttyUSB0 when we use external PC. The baud rate is set to 9600 8N1 and that 'Hardware flow control' is set to 'no'. Once we are done with the settings, use 'Save setup as dfl' and minicom will start up with the correct settings next time.

We shall not launch minicom immediately. We shall let Arduino IDE to finish uploading a sketch and then we can launch minicom. We can quit minicom by using Ctrl+A and z and x. If we start minicom before Arduino IDE finishes uploading a sketch, Arduino IDE will not be able to upload successfully; it will show an error 'no device found on /dev/ttyS0'.

See this post where we can use this technique to find out errors in running some system.

The boot process for UDoobuntu v1.1 and Android v4.4.

screen

It seems there is no way to exit minicom (Ctr+A Z not working) once it is used to monitor the boot process. So the screen program is a better choice. 

sudo apt-get install screen 
sudo screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200

To exit it and return to console, hit Ctrl+a k and answer 'y'.

The drawback is I cannot scroll back the output directly. There is a trick to run scrollback; see cyberciti.biz. That is, click Ctrl+a [ (left square bracket) first to enter copy mode and then use Ctrl+u to scroll up or Ctrl +d to scroll down.

Note: for whatever reason, the 'screen' program is terminated. 

[screen is terminating]

Misc

After installing UDOObuntu

  • Take a look at the Lubuntu wikipedia page to see what applications are suitable to use in a system like Udoo. Udoobuntu use LXDE desktop environment as Lubuntu.
  • Don't use Chromium browser. It is too heavy (use too several hundred MB memory). NetSurf is light and responsive. Ephany looks more heavy and its responds are slower.

Use .local domain to access

udoobuntu 2 beta2 (based on Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS) has pre-installed avahi-daemon (ps -ef | grep avahi), so we can access Udoo by 

ssh [email protected]

Autostart in Lubuntu

http://askubuntu.com/questions/159008/how-to-add-startup-applications-in-lubuntu

hostapd issue in Ubuntu 14.04

http://udoo.org/forum/threads/udoobuntu-2-with-kernel-3-14.2453/

Package source

udooer@udoo:~$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ trusty main universe multiverse
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-updates main universe multiverse
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-security main universe multiverse

# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ trusty main universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-updates main universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ trusty-security main universe multiverse

Disk partition for an Android system

The following image shows the partitions in microSD card with an Android OS (4.2.2?) installed.

AndroidMicroSD.png

and the partitions of a brand new microSD card

NewSD Partition.png

Install Gapps in Android

The real sdcX number can be found by using 'df -h' command (my computer already has 2 hard disks, so a USB drive goes to /dev/sdc). 

sudo umount /dev/sdc*  # Seems to cause a problem later where /dev/sdc5 does not exist

# Unpack the zip in a local temp directory.
mkdir gapps
sudo unzip gapps-jb-20130812-signed.zip -d gapps
cd gapps

sudo mkdir /mnt/sdc5
df -h # find /media/brb/data1 partition

# Mount partition 5 
sudo mount /dev/sdc5 /mnt/sdc5

# See what's in /mnt/sdc5 before the operation (optional)
$ ls /mnt/sdc5
anr       app-lib      dalvik-cache  drm         media     resource-cache  user
app       app-private  data          local       misc      ssh
app-asec  backup       dontpanic     lost+found  property  system

# Rsync everything from the “system” folder in the zip file to the mounted partition.
sudo rsync -avu system/* /mnt/sdc5/

# See what's in /mnt/sdc5 after the operation (optional)
$ ls /mnt/sdc5
addon.d   app-lib       data       framework   media           ssh     usr
anr       app-private   dontpanic  lib         misc            system
app       backup        drm        local       property        tts
app-asec  dalvik-cache  etc        lost+found  resource-cache  user
brb@brb-P45T-A:~/Downloads/gapps$ 

# Unmount SD, put it in the UDOO, and voilà,
sudo umount /mnt/sdc5

Update: 

# Before doing rsync
$ ls /mnt/sdc5
app  bin  build.prop  etc  fonts  framework  lib  lost+found  media  usr  vendor  xbin

$ sudo rsync -avu system/* /mnt/sdc5/
sending incremental file list
addon.d/
addon.d/70-gapps.sh
app/
app/ChromeBookmarksSyncAdapter.apk
app/ConfigUpdater.apk
app/GenieWidget.apk
app/Gmail.apk
app/GmsCore.apk
app/GoogleBackupTransport.apk
app/GoogleCalendarSyncAdapter.apk
app/GoogleContactsSyncAdapter.apk
app/GoogleEars.apk
app/GoogleFeedback.apk
app/GoogleLoginService.apk
app/GooglePartnerSetup.apk
app/GooglePlus.apk
app/GoogleServicesFramework.apk
app/GoogleTTS.apk
app/LatinImeDictionaryPack.apk
app/MediaUploader.apk
app/NetworkLocation.apk
app/Phonesky.apk
app/SetupWizard.apk
app/TalkBack.apk
app/VoiceSearchStub.apk
etc/
etc/g.prop
etc/permissions/
etc/permissions/com.google.android.maps.xml
etc/permissions/com.google.android.media.effects.xml
etc/permissions/com.google.widevine.software.drm.xml
etc/permissions/features.xml
etc/preferred-apps/
etc/preferred-apps/google.xml
framework/
framework/com.google.android.maps.jar
framework/com.google.android.media.effects.jar
framework/com.google.widevine.software.drm.jar
lib/
lib/libAppDataSearch.so
lib/libRSSupport.so
lib/libfilterpack_facedetect.so
lib/libfrsdk.so
lib/libgames_rtmp_jni.so
lib/libgcomm_jni.so
lib/libgoogle_recognizer_jni.so
lib/libgoogle_recognizer_jni_l.so
lib/libgtalk_jni.so
lib/libgtalk_stabilize.so
lib/libpatts_engine_jni_api.so
lib/libplus_jni_v8.so
lib/librs.antblur.so
lib/librs.antblur_constant.so
lib/librs.antblur_drama.so
lib/librs.drama.so
lib/librs.film_base.so
lib/librs.fixedframe.so
lib/librs.grey.so
lib/librs.image_wrapper.so
lib/librs.retrolux.so
lib/librsjni.so
lib/libspeexwrapper.so
lib/libvcdecoder_jni.so
lib/libvorbisencoder.so
lib/libwebp_android.so
tts/
tts/lang_pico/
tts/lang_pico/de-DE_gl0_sg.bin
tts/lang_pico/de-DE_ta.bin
tts/lang_pico/es-ES_ta.bin
tts/lang_pico/es-ES_zl0_sg.bin
tts/lang_pico/fr-FR_nk0_sg.bin
tts/lang_pico/fr-FR_ta.bin
tts/lang_pico/it-IT_cm0_sg.bin
tts/lang_pico/it-IT_ta.bin
usr/
usr/srec/
usr/srec/en-US/
usr/srec/en-US/acoustic_model
usr/srec/en-US/c_fst
usr/srec/en-US/clg
usr/srec/en-US/compile_grammar.config
usr/srec/en-US/contacts.abnf
usr/srec/en-US/dict
usr/srec/en-US/dictation.config
usr/srec/en-US/embed_phone_nn_model
usr/srec/en-US/embed_phone_nn_state_sym
usr/srec/en-US/endpointer_dictation.config
usr/srec/en-US/endpointer_voicesearch.config
usr/srec/en-US/ep_acoustic_model
usr/srec/en-US/g2p_fst
usr/srec/en-US/google_hotword.config
usr/srec/en-US/google_hotword_clg
usr/srec/en-US/google_hotword_logistic
usr/srec/en-US/grammar.config
usr/srec/en-US/hmmsyms
usr/srec/en-US/hotword_symbols
usr/srec/en-US/lintrans_model
usr/srec/en-US/metadata
usr/srec/en-US/norm_fst
usr/srec/en-US/normalizer
usr/srec/en-US/offensive_word_normalizer
usr/srec/en-US/phonelist
usr/srec/en-US/rescoring_lm
usr/srec/en-US/symbols

sent 127,944,934 bytes  received 1,855 bytes  255,893,578.00 bytes/sec
total size is 142,001,100  speedup is 1.11

# After doing rsync
$ ls /mnt/sdc5
addon.d  app  bin  build.prop  etc  fonts  framework  lib  lost+found  media  tts  usr  vendor  xbin

Play mp3 through (green) audio output

See the forum http://www.udoo.org/forum/threads/audio-output.2045/#post-12412

In my case I need to update my UDOObuntu from beta1 to beta2 (because beta1 only shows hdmi) and then 

aplay -l    # vt1613 shows on card 0, hdmi shows on card 1.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mpg321
mpg123 -a hw:0.0 -r 48000 XXX.mp3 # ignore "-r 48000" looks fine although the post says vt1613 supports only 48kHz.

Lack of a media player hardware decoding/acceleration

For example the omxplayer in the Raspberry Pi.

Still not available on Udoobuntu 2 beta 3.

Flash video

It is better to not expect (too much) to play any flash videos on an ARM-based linux system. Android is an idea choice to play flash videos on an ARM-based operating system.

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=137 

sudo apt-get install gnash
sudo apt-get install browser-plugin-gnash
sudo apt-get install firefox
sudo apt-get install gnome-system-tools

Display Size

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=119

VNC/remote desktop connection

UDOObuntu 2.0 has VNC ready (/usr/bin/Xvnc based on TightVNC-1.3.9, Xvnc -version). Do not need to specify port 5901. It uses port 5900. See

The default VNC password is udooer. To change it type the following 

sudo vncpasswd /etc/vncpasswd

The ps -ef command shows the geometry is 1366x768. Any way to resize it either from the server side or the client side?

After a while (install other software?) the Xvnc does not work anymore. I keep getting the following error. 

Error found when loading /home/udooer/.xprofile

RandR extension missing

Client

sudo apt-get install xtightvncviewer

x11vnc

(tested on UDoobuntu 2 beta1 for Udoo dual) For some reason, tightvnc does not work. The x11vnc method works.

http://www.udoo.org/forum/threads/x11vnc.846/#post-5752 

sudo apt-get install x11vnc
x11vnc -storepasswd

enter a login password twice and save 

cd .config
mkdir autostart
cd autostart

edit $HOME/.config/autostart/x11vnc.desktop 

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Type=Application
Name=x11vnc
Comment=
Exec=x11vnc -forever -usepw -httpport 5900
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=false
Hidden=false

save and restart and you should be able to vnc on port 5900

The client needs to run xvncviewer XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:0 or xvncviewer XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX to connect to UDOO. I have to admit I first use UDOO desktop Network -> x11vnc to play around its GUI dialog. But then after the connection works the first time, I can reboot UDOO and the setting still works.

Note that on my 1920x1080 (16:9) monitor, it seems to better to use the following setup in Udoo in order to get a good screen resolution for the remote desktop. It will get the whole remote desktop on my local monitor w/ good font size. 

x11vnc -forever -usepw -httpport 5900 -geometry 1820x1024

For some reason, the vnc connection was disconnected randomly when I tested it from my Ubuntu 14.04.

tightvnc

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=110

This tutorial teaches how to add tightvncserver to rc.local file so it is available on booting. 

# Install tightvncserver
sudo apt-get install tightvncserver

To run it, 

vncserver :1 -geometry 1820x1024 -depth 24

To kill it, 

vncserver -kill :1

To run it at startup, 

sudo nano /etc/rc.local
# Add the following line before 'exit 0' line.
vncserver :1 -geometry 1820x1024 -depth 24

For some reason, the x11 is grey screen (UDoobuntu 2 beta1 for Udoo dual + Ubuntu 14.04 client). There are some discussion over here. In summary I am searching to run tightvnc on Lubuntu desktop. This is the final solution. On the UDoobuntu 2 beta 1, make sure the file .vnc/xstartup looks like 

#!/bin/sh

xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey -cursor_name left_ptr
# x-terminal-emulator -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
# x-window-manager &
# Fix to make GNOME work
# export XKL_XMODMAP_DISABLE=1
# /etc/X11/Xsession
autocutsel -fork
lxsession -s Lubuntu -e LXDE

For the client, we can run xvncviewer 10.42.0.84:1 or using Remmina Remote Desktop Client program built in Ubuntu OS.

UdooThroughVnc.jpg

View Ubuntu 12.04 Desktop on Android (Galaxy tab 8.9) by using bVNC Free - Secure VNC Viewer app.

NoMachine

NoMachine even supports Linux i386/AMD64/ARMv6/ARMv7. It is reported faster than VNC.

Speed comparison via C program

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=470

Clonezilla image of Ubuntu 13.10 with ROS

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=147&start=10

Node.js + GPIO

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=391

http://udoo.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=8&t=431 (Installation of Node.js)

Set up Qt

Change time zone

sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
more /etc/timezone
# US/Eastern
sudo service cron stop
sudo service cron start

Check imx CPU temperature

Print the current temperature in thousandths of degrees Celsius 

udooer@udoo:~$ cat /sys/devices/virtual/thermal/thermal_zone*/type
imx_thermal_zone
udooer@udoo:~$ cat /sys/devices/virtual/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp # 1 chrome tab, 1 terminal
52244

Wii remote/balance board

With its bluetooth dongle, I can connect Wii remote and balance board with UDOO(buntu) 2. See the Raspberry page.

Slideshow from flickr

Use flickrit service. It's HTML5 w/o using any flash.

Just enter width, hight, some keywords and (typing) security words. It will generate a snippet of code to put in your HTML file.

Note that the generated code has a bug. We need to change 

src='//flickrit.com/...'

to 

src='http://flickrit.com/...'

Also we can insert some basic html code around the snippet 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Flickr slideshow</title>
</head>
<body>
<iframe id='iframe' src='' </iframe>
</body>
</html>
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