Snappy
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Why choose Flatpaks and Snaps
6 Reasons Flatpaks and Snaps Are Great for Linux
- You Get New Apps and Updates Right Away
- Developers Can Easily Get Their Apps on Linux
- Developers Ship to All Distros From One Place
- Increased Security Through Sandboxing
- Keep Your Apps When Upgrading Your Distro
- Use the Latest Apps on an Old or LTS Distro
Snappy (package manager)
- https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Snappy
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snappy_(package_manager)
- Ubuntu Snappy Core
- Snapcraft - Snapcraft is the command line tool for writing and publishing your software as a snap.
- 10 Popular Windows Apps That Are Also Available on Linux
- What You Need to Know About Snaps on Ubuntu 20.04
Does the Snap Store Use Too Much Memory, data
On my Ubuntu 20.04, snap-store uses about 300MB memory (number 1 according to the system monitor).
- Does the Snap Store Use Too Much Memory?
- Why does the snapd service use so much data?
- If I remove snap-store, what impact will this have on already installed snaps? You will be able to continue using your existing snaps. You can use the command-line to install more snaps, remove existing ones, and, generally, do most everything. One convenience the snap store installed on your system offers is that of modifying the permissions you wish a snap to use
- Should the snap-store be using >300Mb of memory?
sudo snap remove snap-store && sudo apt install gnome-software
I find I still need to manually kill the existing process.
Some in my list
Default in Ubuntu 20.04
$ snap list Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes core18 20201210 1944 latest/stable canonical✓ base gnome-3-34-1804 0+git.3556cb3 60 latest/stable/… canonical✓ - gtk-common-themes 0.1-50-gf7627e4 1514 latest/stable/… canonical✓ - snap-store 3.38.0-59-g494f078 518 latest/stable/… canonical✓ - snapd 2.48.1 10492 latest/stable canonical✓ snapd
Others:
- glances
- krop
How Snappy packages are different from Deb
An article from PCWorld. Skype, Spotify, Minecraft, JetBrains Dev Suite, MySQL Workbench, Blender.
- Applications are no longer installed system-wide. The base Ubuntu operating system is kept securely isolated from applications you install later. Both the base system and Snappy packages are kept as read-only images.
- Snappy packages can include all the libraries and files they need, so they don’t depend on other packages.
- An update can never fail, as a package installation could potentially fail and become incomplete with typical Linux packages.
- Snappy also supports “delta” updates, which means only the changed bits of the package need to be downloaded and installed.
- Snappy-based Ubuntu systems might be standard.
Snap vs Flatpak vs AppImage
Snap vs. Flatpak vs. AppImage: Know The Differences, Which is Better
What are the differences between snaps, appimage, flatpak and others?
Flatpak vs Snap: Which one should I use?
- The first big difference is that Snap is a project of Canonical that in the future intends that all Ubuntu programs will use this technology. While Flatpak is not associated with any Linux distribution and its goal is to improve the installation of the programs in Linux.
- Snap supports IoT or network services technologies while Flatpak focuses on desktop applications
- Flatpak applications can also be launched/searched from the Ubuntu desktop (need to log out and log in again)
Snap commands
Some snap commands
- snap help
- snap version
- snap list: see a list of installed snap app
- snap find queryname: find a snap app. For example snap find browser, snap find media.
- snap install appname: install snap apps
- snap remove appname: remove snap apps
- snap info appname: see more information about a snap app
- sudo snap refresh: update a snap app. You actually don't need it since snapd runs in the background and handles updates automatically
- snap changes: see a history of the changes made to your system
How to run the Snap applications: you can run snap applications just like any other application installed on your system.
6 Essential Ubuntu Snap Commands You Should Know
Update packages
# Update a package sudo snap refresh <package> # Update all packages sudo snap refresh
How To Remove Old Snap Versions To Free Up Disk Space
- How to Clean Up Snap Package Versions in Linux 2022
- https://www.linuxuprising.com/2019/04/how-to-remove-old-snap-versions-to-free.html
$ du -sh /var/lib/snapd/snaps/ 2.2G /var/lib/snapd/snaps/ $ ls /var/lib/snapd/snaps/ anbox_167.snap gnome-characters_206.snap atom_222.snap gnome-characters_254.snap ... gnome-calculator_406.snap sublime-text_58.snap gnome-characters_139.snap $ sudo snap set system refresh.retain=2 # Not useful [sudo] password for brb: $ du -sh /var/lib/snapd/snaps/ 2.2G /var/lib/snapd/snaps/ $ nano remove-old-snaps $ chmod +x remove-old-snaps $ sudo ./remove-old-snaps atom (revision 222) removed atom (revision 223) removed ... sublime-text (revision 51) removed sublime-text (revision 44) removed $ du -sh /var/lib/snapd/snaps/ 1.1G /var/lib/snapd/snaps/
Flatpak
- https://flatpak.org/
- Sublime, GIMP, Spotify, Visual Studio Code, Marker, Gradio, VLC, Android Studio, Audacity, Atom, FileZilla, draw.io desktop, Cozy and others.
- Flatpak setup,
- Using flatpak
- Problem: For instance, take Sublime Text as an example. On Flathub, the available version is 3.2.2, build 3211, which dates back to 2019. In contrast, the current version is 4, build 4169, released in 2024.
- Using Flatpak on Ubuntu and Other Linux Distributions (Complete Guide)
# Run/launch an app flatpak run org.keepassxc.KeePassXC # List apps flatpak list --app # List run-time libraries flatpak list --runtime # Install a flatpak package flatpak install flathub de.haeckerfelix.Shortwave # Uninstall a flatpak package flatpak uninstall --delete-data de.haeckerfelix.Shortwave # Removing flatpak apps WILL NOT remove the independent runtime libraries (QT, GNOME platforms) # Run this command to get rid of them to free up disk space: flatpak uninstall --unused
Consider the OBS app. The installation process is saved in here. To launch the app,
$ flatpak list --app Name Application ID Version Branch Installation OBS Studio com.obsproject.Studio 29.1.3 stable system $ flatpak run com.obsproject.Studio
Flatpak apps are installed in two locations: system-wide (/var/lib/flatpak/) and per-user ($HOME/.local/share/flatpak/).
Consider the Gradio app.
$ flatpak install de.haeckerfelix.gradio.flatpakref # it will ask the password in a new window $ flatpak uninstall de.haeckerfelix.gradio
Now we can launch the Gradio app from the Launch Menu.
Note: no 'sudo' is required.
Warehouse: GUI to manage Flatpak apps
How To Manage Flatpak Applications Effortlessly With Warehouse In Linux
Remove unused flatpak runtimes
How To Remove Unused Flatpak Runtimes To Free Up Disk Space
How to update a flatpak app
How to Install and Use Flatpak on Linux
flatpak list sudo flatpak update org.gimp.GIMP
Where are the files
https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/wiki/Filesystem
- .local/share/flatpak
- /var/lib/flatpak/app
AppImage
- http://appimage.org/ AppImage
- We need to make the file executable before we can open it. Right click the file, Properties -> Permissions.
- Pro and con:
- Advantages
- portability. AppImages are usually faster than snaps or flatpaks and need less storage space. They are also easy to remove as you can delete AppImage files anytime you want without interrupting other system processes.
- AppImages can be downloaded and run without installation or the need for root rights.
- Problems
- files is they cannot be found in Ubuntu's launcher/search function. But check out this: Integrate AppImages To Application Menu Using AppImageLauncher. Note: this is for Ubuntu only. Debian does not work.
- Pros and Cons No proper update system for AppImage currently. Terminal command completion solution doesn’t work
- Advantages
- What is an “AppImage”? How do I install it?
- The key idea of the AppImage format is one app = one file. Every AppImage contains an app and all the files the app needs to run. In other words, each AppImage has no dependencies other than what is included in the targeted base operating system(s).
- How to Create an Integrated Application Launcher For an Appimage file in Ubuntu
- Can’t Run AppImage on Ubuntu 22.04? Here’s How to Fix it
- How To Easily Manage AppImages With "Gear Lever" In Linux
- Applications.Some examples
appimaged
It seems to be easier to create a ~/bin directory and move all downloaded AppImage files there.
- https://docs.appimage.org/introduction/software-overview.html#appimaged
- One of the monitored directories is ~/Downloads. If the directory is very large, appimaged usually needs quite long to visit all files. It is likely to slow down the system (specifically, the filesystem).
- https://github.com/probonopd/go-appimage
Shortcut
How to Create AppImage Shortcut in Ubuntu
AppImageLauncher
It has not been developed after 2000.
Docker
I haven't found any tutorial yet!
Ova image
Sorry, I don't get the command line back. Booting stuck in the middle.
Beaglebone
http://beagleboard.org/snappy or http://www.ubuntu.com/things#try-beaglebone