Rstudio

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Different tastes

Server

Cloud

https://rstudio.cloud/. You can sign up using gmail or github account.

Free account limitation: RStudio Cloud cannot read in 1GB file? It seems 1GB memory limit still holds as of today (2020-03-09). Use cat /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.limit_in_bytes to find out the limit (1073741824 in this case).

Upload a file: Click 'Files' under the bottom right pane (Files-Plots-Packages-Help-Viewer). There is an "upload" button next to the "New folder" button over there.

I can install a package from a source with URL. So I don't need to upload the packages to RStudio.

If it took too long to load an existing project (such as shiny projects), I just need to relaunch the project (Click three dots icon and select the 3rd option).

I got an error "Unexpected response from server" when I try to upload a file around 300MB. 2020-02-26.

I got an error "Error occurred during transmission" when I try to run an R statement.

What's New on RStudio Cloud - September 2021

Desktop

Build from source See https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio/blob/master/INSTALL for installation instruction.

To build Rstudio from source in Ubuntu:

  • Install R.
  • Install Qt 4.
  • Download a release version tarball of source code. Do not grab from github master branch. Sometimes the preview version works but the release version cannot be compiled. For example, the release version 0.98.507 would give a build error from /opt/QRstudio-QtSDK/Desktop/4.8.0/gcc/include/QtCore/gstring.h, but the preview version 0.98.836 (May 11th, 2014) works fine.
  • Make sure git is installed/available.
  • Install dependencies (note that installing boost will take a few minutes. Make sure there are 2GB memory or will get a memory related error when running make install)
cd rstudio-rstudio-dbf531d  # the number at the end depending on the source
cd dependencies/linux
./install-dependencies-debian
  • Create build directory
mkdir build
cd build
  • Configure by running cmake
cmake .. -DRSTUDIO_TARGET=Desktop -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release

If something is wrong related to boost library, go back to step 1. Then type (installing boost library takes a while) 

cd dependencies/linux 
run ./install-boost

And for some reason, when I try to run cmake (OS is 32-bit LXLE running on VM), I get the following error 

CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindPackageHandleStandardArgs.cmake:108 (message):
  Could NOT find Qt4 (missing: QT_QTWEBKIT_INCLUDE_DIR QT_QTWEBKIT_LIBRARY
  QT_QTDBUS_INCLUDE DIR QT_QTDBUS_LIBRARY) (found suitable version "4.8.6", minimum required
  is "4.8.0")
  • Build and Install
sudo make install

For RStudio Desktop on Linux, make install automatically creates an entry in the Applications -> Programming menu for RStudio. The rstudio can be launched by /usr/local/lib/rstudio/bin/rstudio.

Releases

Discussion

Preferences

rstudio.prefs

rstudio.prefs package, on CRAN

Configuration file

~/.config/rstudio/rstudio-prefs.json (checked in Linux & macOS).

Note: the file exists under each project folder. However if I modify the file by adding an editor theme like "editor_theme": "Xcode" for project-specific, it won't be taken.

Where else RStudio searches for rstudio-prefs.json? Currently, only a small handful of RStudio preferences can be set on a project (not global) level.

RStudio Theme

Background color (v1.1.383, see an animation on this post)

There are 3 choices of RStudio theme (Using RStudio Themes):

  • Classic + selected Editor theme: Code and Console/Terminal are dark, Environment/history/connections and Files/Plots/Packages/Help/Viewer are white (good when doing finding). But the 'R Markdown' tab does not show a working rotation symbol.
  • Modern: 4 panels are all dark (my choice).
  • Sky: 4 panels are all dark

One good-looking option is also change the layout like this one. So source code take half and console and plot each takes a quarter of the screen.

Background color of plot pane becomes black. It turns out the reason is the user is using a transparent background in his plotting routine.

Custom Theme support was added in RStudio v1.2.

Editor theme

  • Using Themes in the RStudio IDE
  • Themes from RStudio User Guide
    • .ace_selection
  • Vibrant Ink,
    • Vibrant ink rstheme.png
    • Advantages: 1) dark background and 2) (more important) they draw rectangles using bright colors around the words we search.
    • VS code has a better highlight of search words. In RStudio, it only add a rectangle on the edge but VS code will change the background color of search word.
    • https://github.com/captaincaed/rstudio/blob/main/vibrant_ink_SB_2.rstheme. Download the file and open it in RStudio. Change the syntax highlight from Text file to CSS.
    • My modification: change the border of rectangles from blue to orange for all matched find words (line 39). After using rstudioapi::addTheme(), the theme file appears in ~/.configrstudio/themes directory. We may open the file in RStudio and experiment the setting. After that, we can call rstudioapi::applyTheme("Vibrant Ink SB 2") to apply the change. Note the theme name is at the first line of the file.
.ace_marker-layer .ace_selected-word {
  border: 1px solid #FF6600
}

Change selected word highlight color in source - theme

R markdown, inline output for plots

tab and spaces

Options -> Code -> Editing. Tab width is 2 by default.

Wish there is an option for this depending on the language. For example some C code uses 4 spaces as tab.

Mouse Cursor

Toolbar

View -> Hide Toolbar

RStudio Package Manager

Change repository

R mirrors

  • chooseCRANmirror(): this actually changes the CRAN mirror. It is done mainly interactively.
  • Non-interactive method. 
    local({
  r <- getOption("repos")
  r["CRAN"] <- "https://mirror.las.iastate.edu/CRAN"
  options(repos = r)
})
  • setRepositories(ind=1:2) (both non-interactive or interactive): this allows to install packages from Bioconductor. After the change, we can use RStudio or the command install.packages() to install R package from Bioconductor. See setRepositories documentation.
1: + CRAN
2: + BioC software
3:   BioC annotation
4:   BioC experiment
5:   CRAN (extras)
6:   Omegahat
7:   R-Forge
8:   rforge.net

In my case, stringr package source code in cloud.r-project.org (default in RStudio or 0-Cloud from chooseCRANmirror()) is 1 week old. That version of source code is now archived and the URL shown from the output of install.packages() cannot be found. When I switch to USA-IA mirror, it has the latest version.

Use options("repos") to see its effect. 

options("repos")
$`repos`
                                        CRAN                                     BioCsoft 
       "https://mirror.las.iastate.edu/CRAN" "https://bioconductor.org/packages/3.7/bioc"

Change R version

Desktop

https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200486138-Changing-R-versions-for-RStudio-desktop

On Linux, the default R can be found by which R in the command line. If you want to override which version of R is used then you can set the RSTUDIO_WHICH_R environment variable to the R executable that you want to run against. For example: 

export RSTUDIO_WHICH_R=/opt/R/3.5.0/bin/R

Not that in order for RStudio to see this environment variable when launched from the Ubuntu desktop Applications menu (as opposed to from a terminal) it must be defined in the ~/.profile file.

Server

Using multiple versions of R with RStudio Server Pro

pandoc

$ pandoc --version
pandoc 2.7.3

$ /Applications/RStudio.app/Contents/MacOS/pandoc/pandoc -v
pandoc 2.3.1

To use the system's pandoc, create/modify project's .Renviron file and include a line to something like 

PATH="/usr/local/bin/:${PATH}"

Get help on firefox/chrome browser

(The help panel is kind of small). If we want to do a search, we can only do that with the small window. We can't do a search if we open the help in a new window.

No, it can't. But alternatively, if we click "Show in a new window" icon, it will bring the help on an independent window. 

> getOption("browser")
function (url) 
{
    .Call("rs_browseURL", url)
}
<environment: 0x1121bda60>

Tips

Freeze

Find in files

There is no need to use the "grep" command in a Terminal anymore.

  • Method 1: Ctrl + . (aka. Go to File/Function). This will quickly list all files in the project containing the keyword.
  • Method 2: Edit -> Find in Files. It will open a tab called "Find in Files" after the tabs "Console, Terminal" and before the tab "Background jobs". This will list all files with lines of code containing the keyword in the specified folder.

Command palette

Access it with Ctrl + Shift + P (Windows / Linux) or Cmd + Shift + P (macOS)!

object 'partition_yaml_front_matter' not found

Error on opening RStudio. The solution of disabling Prompt to install missing R packages discovered in R source files in the Settings works for me.

Outline

Click a small icon/button at the top-right corner of the code panel.

  • For an Rmd file, it gives an online (all section headers) of the file.
  • For an R file, it list all functions in the document.

Some good examples from rstudio.

Install package

(Mac OS). If I install a package in R console, the package will be installed under '/Users/XXX/Library/R/3.6/library'.

But if I install the package using RStudio's packages panel or through 'menu > Tools > Install Packages...', the package will go to "/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.6/Resources/library". So if we use remove.packages() without specify the lib parameter, it may there is no package that can be uninstalled. We can change the installation directory if we install the package using 'menu > Tools > Install Packages...' method. Here has some screenshots on Windows OS.

Visual Markdown Editor

RStudioVisualMode.png
  • Note when we switch from source mode to visual mode, RStudio will give us some warning. If we continue, it will modify the source code. Note: even we switch back to the Source mode, it won't undo the code change. If we want to undo the code change, we should do it by ourselves (ctrl+z/Cmd+z).
    • YAML will add markdown wrap: 72
    • Rmd document will wrap long lines. Itemized lines will be reformatted.
    • The response speed in Visual mode is slow. Arrow keys navigation seems not responding.
    • Inline images size is increased.
    • Outline button/option will be turned on.
  • Switch markdown editing mode between Source and Visual

Drag and drop formulas from Wikipedia into your R Markdown document

R Markdown Lesser-Known Tips & Tricks #1: Working in the RStudio IDE

Pop out the source pane to have its own window

Drag the tab outside the RStudio window to where you want your new code window to appear, or Click the "Show in new window" button on the editor toolbar (it's next to forward/back)

However, it seems we cannot move the popped out pane back to RStudio. If we just want to maximize one pane, we can use the keyboard shortcut "Ctrl+Shift+1" (source pane) or "Ctrl+Shift+2" (console pane); see Zoom in one pane.

Column selection

Click Alt.

options(width)

Once we resize the width manually with the mouse, the width will be changed at the same time.

Menu -> Code

  • For R code files *.R, it has "Insert Section" (a recommended way to insert a new section)
  • For R markdown files *.Rmd, it has "Insert Chunk" (just a short cut)

Restart R

Three ways

  • Session -> Restart R
  • .rs.restart()
  • command/ctrl + shift + F10

Note Restarting R in RStudio won't delete/clear workspace/objects but it unloads R packages.

We can use Session -> Clear Workspace or the command rm(list=ls()) to delete all objects.

debug location is approximate because the source is not available

install.packages("survminer", INSTALL_opts = "--with-keep.source --no-byte-compile")
debug(survminer::ggsurvplot)
ggsurvplot(...)

Using the RStudio Terminal

https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/115010737148-Using-the-RStudio-Terminal

On my Mac, I need to run chsh -s /bin/bash AND then source ~/.bashrc in order to enable the changes I want.

Why doesn't .bashrc run automatically?

Console scroll back

https://stackoverflow.com/a/59327459 It is still a problem as of 2021-02-22.

Snippet

Crash and log file

On my Mac, the crash report is saved at ~/Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/rsession_XXXX.crash and the log file is saved at ~/.local/share/rstudio/log/ (From within RStudio: Help Menu -> Diagnostics -> Show Log Files).

See also RStudio Crash Report, RStudio Application Logs.

RStudioAbort.png

Open an SVG file from RStudio

It only display the file as a text file. It cannot let OS open the file:(

Check if R is running in RStudio

Sys.getenv("RSTUDIO") == "1"
# Or
.Platform$GUI == "RStudio"

Install on Crouton

Test on my Asus (intel CPU) Chromebox/Crouton with Ubuntu 14.04. 

(trusty)brb@localhost:~$ sudo dpkg -i '/tmp/mozilla_brb0/rstudio-1.0.44-amd64.deb' 
Selecting previously unselected package rstudio.
(Reading database ... 133157 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../rstudio-1.0.44-amd64.deb ...
Unpacking rstudio (1.0.44) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of rstudio:
 rstudio depends on libjpeg62; however:
  Package libjpeg62 is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package rstudio (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.2-0ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.13-1) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.10.1-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.1+14.04.20140409-0ubuntu1) ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.54ubuntu1.1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 rstudio

After I run sudo apt-get install libjpeg62, RStudio can be installed successfully.

Switch R version for RStudio desktop

https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200486138-Changing-R-versions-for-RStudio-desktop

In Linux desktop, we need to run the following (or include the line in ~/.profile file for a permanent solution) before calling 'rstudio' in a terminal. 

export RSTUDIO_WHICH_R=/opt/R/3.5.0/bin/R

Stop a command

  • Use the stop sign
  • Use "Interrupt R" under Session menu.

See Kill a process in R with RStudio

Mouse

Scroll different tabs using the mouse wheel after you click any one of tabs.

Keyboard shortcut

  • https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/200711853-Keyboard-Shortcuts (Help -> Keyboard Shortcut Quick Reference)
  • Customize the shortcuts.
  • https://www.dropbox.com/s/0moch6xocili6v9/RStudio%20Shortcuts.pdf?dl=0
  • Send shell script (*.sh) code line by line will be done in Terminal tab. If we click 'Run Script', it will call system() in R.
  • Knit an rmarkdown file
    • Mac: Shift + Cmd + k
    • Linux: Shift + Ctrl + k
  • (Aug 16, 2018) for some reason, run current line (CMD+Enter) will send random lines. It does not help if I assign a different key-bind. Update RStudio does not help either.
    • One way it still works is by selecting line(s) first and hitting the key-bind.
    • Another way is to go to Tools > Global options > Code. Change to Current line from the dropdown list next to CMD + Enter executes. The default is "Multiple-line R statements" which should be better since an R statement can spread several lines. The 3rd option "Multiple consecutive R lines" will send a block of R lines automatically which does not look ideal in most cases.

Move focus to source/console

  • Ctrl + 1: source
  • Ctrl + 2: console

These are the default.

Zoom in/out on one pane/window

  • Ctrl + Shift + 1: source
  • Ctrl + Shift + 2: console
  • Ctrl + Shift + 3: file viewer
  • Ctrl + Shift + 4: environment
  • Ctrl + Shift + 0: show all panes

Jump to the matching brackets

Ctrl + p

Show previous/next Plot

By default, they are "Ctrl + Alt + F11" and "Ctrl + Alt + F12". But they have a conflict with other shortcuts in RStudio IDE itself or with the (Linux/Mint) system. In my case, Ctrl+Alt+F11 will escape from Linux Desktop:( Also the Quick Reference shows these bindings had a conflict: Ctrl + Alt + F11 represents Previous Terminal or Previous Plot.

I change the shortcuts to Alt+Left and Alt+Right (directly use keyboard to change it). It works but there is a delay if the plot is more complicated (6 seconds on a 10000 genes heatmap). These new assignment works on Mac and Linux.

Navigate previous commands

  • Cmd + up/down arrow keys (Mac)
  • Ctrl + up/down arrow keys (Linux)

Viewer pane

View() output

Save View() output of RStudio as html

Load all when developing a new package

The ctrl-shift-L shortcut which not only unloads/loads the package, but exports all unexported objects, including all pkg data and internal functions. Super handy debugging!

Automatically reformat code

  • CMD + Shift + A (mac)
  • Ctrl + Shift + A (Windows)

Fix code spacing, reindent lines

CMD + i

History panel

If we want to rerun lines from the history panel, just highlight the lines and then either click the "To Console" button or press the "Enter" key.

See Using Command History from RStudio.

RStudio server

rsession.conf

KVM

Multiple Rstudio Server instances using a single R/LaTeX install with KVM

RStudio Server Installation on Ubuntu

RStudio Server on Amazon EC2

2FA

Using OTP (one-time passwords) in rstudio server open source

Raspberry Pi

RStudio and Git

Plots window

Where does RStudio save your plots history

Save all plots already present in the panel of Rstudio. In RStudio, every session has a temporary directory that can be obtained using tempdir(). Inside that temporary directory, there is another directory that always starts with "rs-graphics" and contains all the plots saved as ".png" files.

Interactive plots: manipulate

Interactive Plotting with Manipulate in the RStudio IDE.

Sometimes it does not work:(

Plot from Rmd file does not show up in RStudio's plot window

options(device = "RStudioGD") # or dev.off()
dev.new()
...

Plot in Rstudio not showing up 

> dev.cur()
RStudioGD 
        2

Note: when I run a ggsurvplot() statement from an Rmd file, the plot is shown in the source panel instead of the plot window. I could not find the plot at first since the chunk is long. dev.cur() returns null device instead of RStudioGD after I call ggsurvplot(). It could be an issue with ggsurvplot() since a simple ggplot() call is fine. In this case, I can save ggsurvplot() to an object and print the object will show the plot in the plot window.

Overlap problem

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45395220/legends-overlapping-the-plots-in-rstudio

Project

Using Projects

  • RStudio Projects and Working Directories: A Beginner’s Guide. Replacing setwd() by making file paths relative.
    • The RStudio project file is a file that sits in the root directory, with the extension .Rproj.
    • Everything relating to that analysis or project should only happen within that directory.
    • When opening an existing project, you should open the .Rproj file first and only subsequently open any R scripts (extensions with .R) from the RStudio session, rather than going straight to the R scripts to open them.
    • Structuring your working directory: Data, Script, Output.
  • The folder name will be used to represent a project on the top-right corner of RStudio.
  • Working with Multiple Projects at Once

Create an .Rproj file

mkdir funky
cd funky
echo "Version: 1.0" > funky.Rproj
open funky.Rproj

Closing a project vs 'X'

  • Closing a project will not close RStudio. The current project becomes '(None)'.
  • Pressing 'X' will close RStudio IDE.

Sharing a Project with multiple users

https://support.rstudio.com/hc/en-us/articles/201751487-Sharing-a-project-with-multiple-users

Project settings

Menu -> Tools -> Project Options... The changes are saved in XXX.Rproj file.

How to remove a project name from the Rstudio Projects menu

  • Edit the file project_mru
  • I could not find the file on macOS. However, there is a solution. If I delete the .Rproj file for the project I don't want to keep and I try to open the project from RStudio's recent list (top-right corner), RStudio will give a message the project does not exist or remove. After I acknowledge it, the project name will be removed from the recent project list.

.Rproj.user directory

Using Projects

We probably don't want to share this directory with others.

This directory is also automatically added to .Rbuildignore, .gitignore, etc. if we check the option Create a git repository when creating a new project.

Note when we create a new project, we can check the option Open in a new session (default is not checked).

RstudioNewproj.png

Script for creating a new project in Rstudio

https://stackoverflow.com/a/26127716. Below is a modified with my fix. It will generate a new file XXX.Rproj under the current working directory. 

myProject <- function(proj, ...) {

    #require(ProjectTemplate)
    #create.project(proj, ...)

    x <- c("Version: 1.0", "", "RestoreWorkspace: Default", "SaveWorkspace: Default", 
        "AlwaysSaveHistory: Default", "", "EnableCodeIndexing: Yes", 
        "UseSpacesForTab: Yes", "NumSpacesForTab: 4", "Encoding: UTF-8", 
        "", "RnwWeave: knitr", "LaTeX: pdfLaTeX")

    #cat(paste(x, collapse="\n"), file=file.path(proj, paste0(basename(proj), ".Rproj")))
    cat(paste(x, collapse="\n"), file=paste0(basename(proj), ".Rproj"))
    message(paste0(basename(proj), ".Rproj has been created"))
}

myProject("MyNewProject") # It will generate the file <MyNewProject.Rproj>.

Running A Data Project In R

https://kkulma.github.io/2018-03-18-Prime-Hints-for-Running-a-data-project-in-R/

  • Use R projects. Always
  • Describe the purpose of your code / project.
  • Load all necessary packages in the beginning of your script & consider calling functions in a package via ::
  • Name your code sections and use them for quick navigation
  • Make your life easier and mark your code when you need to
  • Write your code as if someone was going to use it without communicating with you. From. Day. One
  • Name your files like a Pro: Machine readable, human readable & play well with ordering
    • Put something numeric in your file name first.
    • use the YYYY-MM-DD format for dates
    • regular expression and globbing friendly
    • easy to compute on using delimiters
    • left pad other numbers with zeroes
  • With big, complex data projects use project pipeline
    • load.R
    • clean.R
    • func.R
    • do.R
  • Never save your workspace
  • Before publishing/sharing your code, run it in the fresh workspace

Comment, navigation and code folding

The best practice to include a comment for a block of code is

  • Code > Insert Section (this will create something like # Section One --------------------------------- )
  • At least one number sign (pound sign) before the title PLUS at least 4 of number signs/dash signs/equal signs at the end

Good examples 

#### My section ####

# My section ####

# My section ----

Bad example 1 (this will show 2 lines of (Untitled) in RStudio nagivation) 

################
# Section 1
################

Bad example 2 (this will not show anything in the navigation) 

# Section 2

# Section 2 #

# Section 2 ##

# Section 2 ###

Create a section within a chunk

It's useful to create a label to split a long chunk for easy navigation. Below is an example where we create two labels in a chunk. 

```{r}
# BRCA1 ----
...
# BRCA2 ----
...
```

shiny ui.R

For the ui part, it seems RStudio does not do code folding correctly. Sublime Text and VS Code do well in this case.

Jobs

Python

Addins

Step-by-step to create an addin R package

Defining Your Own Shortcut in RStudio

  1. Create an R package project in RStudio
  2. In R console to create a new file: usethis::use_r("set_new_chapter")
  3. Type and finish the new R function set_new_chapter()
  4. Create a new folder inst/rstudio. Create a new text file "addins.dcf"
  5. In R console, type a few R commands to finalize the package and output a package tarball

To use the package in RStudio

  1. Install the new package as usual
  2. In RStudio, go to Tools > Modify Keyboard Shortcuts… and search for "dashes". Clicking inside the empty "Shortcut" field and pressing the desired key-combination (eg CMD + d) on your keyboard. Click "Apply". Done
  3. Go to R editor and type some comments. Now pressing the keyboard shortcut (CMD + d) and dashes will be inserted from the cursor location.

styler

Non-invasive pretty printing of R code https://github.com/r-lib/styler 

R> styler:::style_active_file()
Using style transformers `styler::tidyverse_style()`
The R.cache package needs to create a directory that will hold cache files. It is convenient to use  ‘/Users/XXX/Library/Caches/R/R.cache’ because it follows the standard on your operating system and it remains also after restarting R. Do you wish to create the '/Users/XXX/Library/Caches/R/R.cache' directory? If not, a temporary directory (/var/folders/2q/slryb0rx4tj97t66v7l6pwvr_z6g3s/T//RtmplfQTrd/.Rcache) that is specific to this R session will be used. [Y/n]:

remedy: rmarkdown helper

facilitate writing in markdown with RStudio

RegExplain

https://github.com/gadenbuie/regexplain

esquisse

GGplot2 > esquisse

compareWith (meld)

beautifyR

https://github.com/mwip/beautifyR#beautifyr-in-action RStudio addin for formatting Rmarkdown tables and R multi-line comments

Print an R code with line numbers

Use cat -n and the margin option in pandoc. 

cat -n mycode.R | pandoc -V geometry:margin=1cm -o mycode.pdf
cat -n mycode.R | pandoc -V geometry:"top=1cm, bottom=1.5cm, left=2cm, right=1cm" -o mycode.pdf

prettycode: Pretty Print R Code in the Terminal

prettycode: Pretty Print R Code in the Terminal

Diagnosis

rstudio → run-diagnostics

there is no package called 'rmarkdown'

https://github.com/rstudio/rstudio/issues/4092

RStudio Voices

RStudio Voices - Julia Silge

Contests

Tables

An RStudio Table Contest for 2021

Shiny

Winners of the 3rd annual Shiny Contest

Conferences

Alternatives

RKWard

https://rkward.kde.org/

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