Health: Difference between revisions
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== Vitamin E == | == Vitamin E == | ||
* Dark green leafy (cooked spinach) | |||
* Nuts | |||
* Sunflower seeds | |||
* Avocados | |||
* Shellfish (Shrimp) | |||
* Fish | |||
* Plant oils | |||
* Broccoli (Cooked) | |||
* Squash & Pumpkin | |||
* Fruits (Kiwi) | |||
== [https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%BE 钾Potassium] == | == [https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%BE 钾Potassium] == | ||
Revision as of 18:08, 26 December 2016
長壽村的通關密語
- 主食要多於肉
- 菜要多於肉
Heart rate (HR)
- American heart association
- Android apps such as 'Unique heart rate monitor'.
- 年紀變大 心跳會變慢.
Interval between successive home blood pressure readings
- 1 minute apart
- 1 minute vs 10 sec
- 2 minutes
- OMRON 785 device has a TruRead mode which will take 3 readings for 30 seconds, 60 seconds or 90 seconds intervals.
心痛 Heartburn
Vitamin deficiency
代謝症候群, 三高
高血壓、高血脂(膽固醇, 三酸甘油酯)和高血糖
http://health99.hpa.gov.tw/Article/ArticleDetail.aspx?TopIcNo=789&DS=1-life
血糖 glycemia
- GI = glycemic index
- 吃水果有禁忌！飯前or飯後？
- 5大地雷食物 糖尿病友少吃
血脂 blood lipids
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E8%84%82
Suggestion: 洋蔥蕃茄炒蛋 ＋ 芹菜 + 燕麥片/糙米 ＋ 黑木耳/菇類 ＋ 蘋果 橘子 lemon + Seaweed + Ginger + Onion + green onion + pepper, salmon, bean, Olive oil, Tofu, 綠豆薏仁湯
- 狂吃薏仁 想降三高卻變胖, 多吃薏仁好處多
- 芹菜粥降血脂
- 薏仁 (Job's tears/coixseed): baidu and wikipedia
脂肪酸 Fatty acids
- Saturated fatty acids
- Unsaturated fatty acids
- Monounsaturated fat
- Polyunsaturated fat
- Omega-3
- Omega-6
- Trans fats
Bad carbs
- Cereals (there are exceptions but they are few)
- White rice
- Pasta
- Breads (there are exceptions but they are few)
- Cookies
- Pastries
- Snack foods
- Sodas
- Juice drinks
- Crackers
膽固醇
- 左旋精氨酸 (L-arginine) Good though it has side effects too
- 10 best choleserol lowering foods Soys, Beans, Salmon, Avocado, Garlic, Spinach, Margarine, Tea, Nuts, Dark Chocolate.
- Top foods to improve your numbers from mayoclinic. Oatmeal, Fish, Nuts, Avocados, Olive oil, Foods with added plant sterols or stanols (Some margarines, orange juice and yogurt drinks), Whey protein.
- Cooking for Lower Cholesterol Cooking from heart.org.
三酸甘油酯 Triglyceride
Unused dietary calories become triglycerides that circulate in your bloodstream and negatively affect your blood cholesterol.
Triglyceride-Friendly Meals from WebMD.
在人體內高三酸甘油酯含量與動脈硬化有關，加上高血壓會提高冠狀動脈性心臟病與中風的可能性。
有人建議通過帶氧運動和低醣類的食物來降低三酸甘油酯指數。
來源: 精製糖類(cake, cookie) 澱粉食物(drink) 油 （chips, cake) 吃太多！這些吃太多以後會被轉成三酸甘油酯.
Sweet food/drink -> 葡萄糖 -> 胰島素 -> 脂訪 -> 膽固醇.
血壓 (BP)
- 早晨起床後20分鐘再測 此時迷走神經不再處於抑制狀態.
- Systolic pressure 收縮壓: measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats (when the heart muscle contracts). Older people tend to have higher systolic.
- Diastolic pressure 舒張壓: measure the pressure in the arteries between heartbeats (when the heart muscle is resting between beats and refilling with blood). Younger people tend to have higher diastolic.
- Systolic <= 120 and diastolic <= 80. Another standard is Systolic <= 140 & diastolic <= 90. Age over 80 can have 150 for systolic. For 腎臟病 糖尿病 中風 病人 the standard is 130 & 80.
- 冬天血壓較高
- Understanding blood pressure readings from heart.org. Typically systolic reading is more important.
- 6大類治療藥物 有效控制血壓 人體的血壓晚上約下降20%左右，清晨時血壓最高，以致上午6點到10點是出血性腦中風好發的時段。
- 一天中血压的变化 and 一天中血压波动曲线图
血液循環
心臟 -> 大動脈 -> 小動脈 -> 毛細管 -> 小靜脈 -> 大靜脈 -> 心臟
高血壓症狀
- 頭暈
- 頭痛
- 心悸 失眠
- 注意力不集中 記憶力減退
- 肢體麻木
- 出血
Vitamin 微量元素
- 鉀: 柑橘 蘋果 黑豆 菠菜 紅棗 葡萄 花椰菜 魚 瘦肉
- 鎂: 乾豆 莧菜 桂圓 豆芽
- 碘: 海帶 紫菜
- 鋅: 瘦牛肉 瘦豬肉 黃魚 花生
降低高血壓 Food help to lower blood pressure
北極愛基斯摩人與太平洋土著 很少吃鹽 幾乎找不到高血壓病人.
- 增加負離子
- 綠豆湯 利尿 排鈉
- skim milk
- spinach
- sunflower seed
- beans
- baked potato
- banana
- soybeans
- dark chocolate
See also 天然食物降壓17招.
- 芹菜. 芹菜香乾絲.芹菜紅棗湯.
- 山楂芹菜菊花粥
- 蕈類（香菇、黑木耳） 黑木耳有兩個作用，其中一個是使血不粘稠。黑木耳燉豬肉.
- 海帶. 海帶+芹菜+白蘿蔔. 海帶+冬瓜.
- 薯類
- 洋蔥
- 大蒜 (先把它切成片，一片一片的薄片放在空氣裡15分鐘， 它跟氧氣結合以後產生大蒜素。大蒜本身不抗癌，大蒜素才抗癌) 大蒜中所含的殺菌物質遇熱時，會很快失去作用，所以大蒜宜生食. 食用大蒜最好搗碎成泥，而不是用刀切成細末，這樣效果會打折。
- 蘋果
- 番茄 (番茄炒雞蛋最值錢了。還有蕃茄湯，或番茄雞蛋湯也是好的。生吃番茄不抗癌)
- 胡蘿蔔汁.
- 蜂蜜水.
- 醋 (apple cider vinegar, 15ml per day)
- 香蕉 (鉀)
- 牛奶 （鈣）
- 全榖類
- 茶
- 黑巧克力
- 菠菜 (鉀)
- 綠豆 黃豆 (鉀)
- 瓜果類
- 葡萄柚削皮
Book Blood Pressure Down: The 10-Step Plan to Lower Your Blood Pressure in 4 Weeks--Without Prescription Drugs
- Lose 5 pounds
- cut the salt
- eat banana
- eat spinach
- eat yogurt
- eat soy
- eat dark chocolate
- drink red wine
- take supplement
- exercise
And 健康飲食降低高血壓
按摩 降血壓
百會穴 太陽穴 人迎穴 膻中穴 心經 合谷穴/虎口 勞宮穴 腎區 足三里 三陰交 湧泉穴 曲池穴,降壓溝,陽陵泉
緩和緊張
- 內關穴 －有助消脹氣，緩和緊張
耳石(otolith)症 Vertigo
耳石復位術 (canalith repositioning procedure),
- https://youtu.be/v_g8u4nMio4 (it works)
- https://youtu.be/L6Ro8vaxQ74?t=5m25s
- http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/canalith-repositioning-procedure/basics/definition/PRC-20009592
- Epley maneuver
- http://www.livestrong.com/article/402457-canalith-repositioning-exercises/
Canker Sores
http://www.health.com/oral-health/how-to-get-rid-canker-sores
- Folate: Beans, spinach, broccoli
- Iron and vitamin B12: Tuna, eggs
血小板低下症 Thrombocytopenia
- How to increase Low platelet count
- 血小板-過低或過高的原因
- MPV (Mean platelet volume) - The MPV is very useful in the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenic disorders. MPV is part of a Complete Blood Count (CBC) test.
- How to Prevent Low Platelet Count from wikihow.com.
- Vitamin B12, Probiotics (yogurt)
普林/purine
- 低普林（痛風 gout）飲食
- 腳趾關節腫痛
- 降低尿酸 (Uric acid) 偏高的方法 including 高嘌呤(普林)食物.
- 如何預防痛風及減輕症狀
一般常見的四種關節炎臨床表現如下：
- 退化性關節炎： 好發生於年齡大於45歲以上，肥胖、關節過去曾因活動或運動而受傷的族群。常常發生於頸椎、腰椎、膝關節及髖關節。發生原因是關節內軟骨退化，長久下來磨損到軟骨下的骨頭，刺激骨頭異常增生而長出所謂的〝骨刺〞，進而可能壓迫神經，產生麻感或無力的現象。
- 類風濕性關節炎: 好發生於40歲到60歲之間，通常有家族遺傳性。常見於手腳小關節，兩側對稱發生，特徵是早上起床時，關節特別僵硬，需要活動三十分鐘，才會好轉。發生原因是自體免疫系統出問題，發作時小關節滑液膜發炎，關節內軟骨及骨頭組織受到破壞。
- 僵直性關節炎: 通常有遺傳性，常見於男性。約二十歲左右開始產生症狀，常見的臨床症狀為下背部疼痛，脊椎僵硬及運動受限。
- 痛風性關節炎: 病人因常攝取高普林飲食，長久下來，血中尿酸數值太高，產生痛風結晶，進而引發關節的發炎，好發的位置如大腳趾、踝關節、膝關節等。 30-60 minutes 立即發作.
如何預防：
- 保持理想的體重。體重過重會造成關節多餘的負擔，引發關節的不適。
- 養成每天適度運動的好習慣，因為運動可以增加關節滑液的流動，加強肌肉、肌腱等支持的結構，和關節囊的韌性，強化骨骼，增加體能等。
- 避免長時間維持同一姿勢(例如久站或久坐)。一般建議的時間是三十分鐘到四十分鐘起身活動一下筋骨，利用二到三分鐘的時間做一做各個關節舒展的柔軟體操，以避免肌肉僵硬疲勞。
- 保持均衡的飲食。尤其在罹患有痛風或高尿酸的病人，要避免含有高量普林的飲食(如動物內臟、海鮮、豆類食物及酒類等。)
- 補充維他命C (500 x 3 mg). 幫助尿液變鹼性, 尿酸融解. See webmd.com.
如何自我照護：
- 當關節僅有疼痛現象，而無紅腫時，可用熱敷的方式。每次20-30分鐘，一天2-3次。
- 當關節有紅腫現象時，每小時冰敷10-15分鐘。冰敷可以改善發炎和疼痛的情況。
- 當關節出現紅腫熱痛的現象時，讓患部適度的休息，避免承擔重物。
- 早晨起床後有關節僵硬的現象時，可洗個溫水澡來舒緩關節。
- 平日運動的方式和強度需要向醫師諮詢。不同的關節炎有不同的運動方式。原則上應選擇對關節低衝擊性的運動，例如游泳、騎腳踏車。
- 要選擇底部有良好襯墊的鞋子。
低普林飲食 Low purine diet
- http://www.lifehack.org/433367/6-lifestyle-tweaks-to-prevent-or-manage-gout
- http://www.mmh.org.tw/nutrition/pdf/%E4%BD%8E%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87_1010208.pdf
- http://www.tmuh.org.tw/tmuh_web/Nutrition/pdf/Nutrition_16.pdf
- http://www.chimei.org.tw/main/cmh_department/59012/info/5600/A5600211.html
- http://www.wlsh.tyc.edu.tw/ezfiles/2/1002/img/28/new_page_17.htm
- http://807.mnd.gov.tw/code_upload/HealthInfo/file1_894_1738853.pdf
- http://www.nhi.gov.tw/webdata/webdata.aspx?menu=6&menu_id=168&webdata_id=1690
- http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/condition/gout It explains what are common among spinach, rhubarb, beets, nuts, chocolate, black tea, wheat bran, strawberries, and beans: oxalate 草酸鹽；草酸酯
- http://www.drugs.com/cg/low-purine-diet.html
- 20 Foods to keep your uric acid at normal levels Water, cherries, apples, lime, french bean juice, celery seed, berries, apple cider vinegar, pinto beans/sunflower seeds/lentils (rich in folic acid), carrot/beet/cucumber vegetable juice, low-fat dairy, Kiwi/guava/orange/lemon/tomato/green leafy veg (vitamin C), Oats/Broccoli/apples/oranges/pears/strawberries/blueberries/cucumbers/celery/carrots/barley (high fiber), Banana, green tea, Grains with more alkaline, Tomato/broccoli/cucumber, Dark chocolate/cocoa, Potato/corn, flaxseed/walnut/salmon/mackerel/sardines(omega 3).
- Tofu is low in purines
尿路結石
- http://baike.baidu.com/view/987877.htm
- http://www.twhealth.org.tw/index.php?option=com_zoo&task=item&item_id=835&Itemid=20
- http://www.commonhealth.com.tw/article/article.action?nid=64004
脂肪肝 （fatty liver disease, FLD)
脂肪肝在全世界範圍內都是發生在酗酒（即酒精性脂肪肝，常稱酒精肝）和肥胖（不管有沒有胰島素抵抗效應）人群的單一疾病。
嚴重者可能造成肝硬化和肝癌。
Vitamins
Vitamin C
- Green, red, .. peppers
- Guavas
- Dark green leafy vegetables (kale)
- Kiwi
- Broccoli
- Berry
- Citrus fruits
- Cooked tomato
- Peas
- Papaya
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
- Dark green leafy (cooked spinach)
- Nuts
- Sunflower seeds
- Avocados
- Shellfish (Shrimp)
- Fish
- Plant oils
- Broccoli (Cooked)
- Squash & Pumpkin
- Fruits (Kiwi)
钾Potassium
CDC recommends everyone limit sodium intake to below 2,300 mg per day and that everyone should also get at least 4,700 mg of potassium a day to help balance their levels of sodium and potassium in the body. However, according to the Harvard School of Public Health, up to 70 percent of Americans belong to a high-risk group that needs to cut sodium intake even more. These groups include people over 40, African-Americans, people with hypertension or pre-hypertension and people with diabetes. Anyone in these categories should limit sodium intake to 1,500 milligrams per day. Even people who are not in these groups can benefit from limiting sodium intake to 1,500 milligrams a day, and there are no negative health consequences for doing so.
- One sweet potato packs a whopping 694 mg of potassium
- One quarter cup of tomato paste delivers 664 mg of this vital mineral
- Beet greens pack a hopping 644 mg of potassium per half cup
- Beans (include kidney and lima beans) with half a cup delivering nearly 600 mg
- Eight ounces of plain old non-fat yogurt contains 579 mg of potassium
- Canned or fresh, 3 ounces of clams pack 534 mg of potassium and have the highest concentration of vitamin B12 of any food
- Prunes delivering 530 mg per 3/4 cup. Eating more of these dried plums can help keep your bones strong too.
- Carrot juice packs over 500 mg in one 3/4 cup
- Meaty fish like halibut and tuna have nearly 500 mg of potassium per 3 ounce serving
- Half a cup of cooked soybeans (eg edamame) have nearly 500 mg of potassium.
- One medium banana does pack more than 400 mg
- Milk with 382 mg per cup for the non-fat or skim version
- 3/4 of a cup of orange juice delivers 355 mg of potassium.
See the following 2 cases to see how much calories and sodium we eat at Chipotle.
鎂 Magnesium
- https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%95%81
- 鎂是構成骨骼的主要成分，是人體不可缺少的礦物質元素之一。它能輔助鈣和鉀的吸收。它具有預防心臟病、糖尿病、夜尿症、降低膽固醇的作用。
- 缺乏鎂會使神經受到干擾，引致暴躁及緊張，並且會肌肉震顫及絞痛、心律不整、心悸、低血糖、虛弱、疲倦、神經過敏、手腳顫抖等。而酒精、利尿劑、高量的維生素D及鋅，均會增加身體對鎂的需求。
磷 Phosphorum
- https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A3%B7
- 磷能保持人體內代謝平衡 它參與體內的酸鹼平衡的調節，參與體內脂肪的代謝。
- 磷過多將導致高磷血症，使血液中血鈣降低導致骨質疏鬆
硒 selenium
Fat
反式脂肪 Trans fats or (hydrogenated fats) are actually unsaturated fats, but they can raise total and LDL (bad) cholesterol levels while also lowering HDL (good) cholesterol levels.
飽和脂肪 Saturated fats directly raise total and LDL (bad) cholesterol levels.
Omega-3 fatty acids: These include an “essential” fatty acid, which means it's critical for our health but cannot be manufactured by our bodies.
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans_fat
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturated_fat
- Fat Facts: Good Fats vs. Bad Fats
- http://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/news/20140320/dietary-fats-q-a
- http://www.webmd.com/cholesterol-management/features/truth-about-saturated-fats
- http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/NutritionCenter/HealthyEating/Saturated-Fats_UCM_301110_Article.jsp
How to choose oils
- http://www.wikihow.com/Choose-Healthy-Cooking-Oils
- http://www.wikihow.com/Choose-the-Right-Cooking-Oil
- http://liansin.lianan.com.tw/05_healthy_info.asp?sn=65&page=1 重新認識玄米油 (rice bran oil)
Sugar limit
- 6 teaspoons or 25 grams (100 calories) for women
- 9 teaspoons or 36 grams (150 calories) for men
腦
The human brain is nearly 60 percent fat.
葵花油 sunflower oil
225F - 440F
苦茶油 Camellia Oil
食用油冒煙點 smoke point
油菜籽 canola oil
225F
Peanut oil
320F
Coconut oil
亞麻子油 flaxseed oil
Eye diseases
葉黃素 from wikipedia.
- http://milong.myweb.hinet.net/lutein.htm
- 葉黃素 (Lutein) 就如同碳粉，如果影印機的碳粉沒有了它，就不能印出任何東西了
- 葉黃素能吸收藍光，抗氧化。紫外線一般能被眼角膜及晶狀體過濾掉，但藍光卻可穿透眼球直達視網膜及黃斑，而晶狀體和黃斑的葉黃素能過濾掉藍光，避免藍光對眼睛的損害。
- 葉黃素為一種天然存在於蔬果中的類胡蘿蔔素，如甘藍、菠菜、芥菜、深綠色花椰菜、玉米等蔬菜葉片中；奇異果、葡萄、柳橙汁、綠皮胡瓜、以及數種南瓜中，含有30﹪~50﹪的葉黃素。
- 葉黃素是一個很好的抗氧化劑，保護細胞避免受自由基的傷害。
- 葉黃素存在於人體的眼睛、皮膚、血清、子宮頸、腦部、心臟、胸部等，來維持這些部位的健康，尤其對眼睛特別重要。
- 但人體沒有辦法自己合成，必須要由食物中才可獲得。
- http://www.preservision.com/about-amd/about-amd-overview
Over the counter vitamins
- PreserVision from Bausch + Lomb.
- Ocuvite from Bausch + Lomb.
青光眼 Glaucoma
- 青光眼與高度近視為好兄弟
- 眼內有一透明清澈之液體叫"房水"。此水樣液不斷在眼睛內部流動。(圖)若此房水排流系統受阻,眼球內部之壓力就會上升而傷害到視神經。青光眼是導致失明的主要原因之一。
- 等到發現視力不良或視野縮小時，視神經往往已經受到嚴重的傷害。
- 醫師會測量眼壓、檢查眼底及視野,來診斷是否患有青光眼。Or using Retinal/fundus photography. See the Wikipedia website.
- 青光眼通常可用眼藥或口服藥(副作用)來控制。這些藥物可以降低眼壓,但是必須持續且按時使用才行。
老花 Presbyopia
散光 Astigmatism
白內障 Cataract
晶狀體/水晶體(crystalline lens)混濁稱為白內障。A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye leading to a decrease in vision.
白內障是因水晶體病變，導致視力模糊，甚至失明的眼疾。初期病徵為視力模糊、單眼看東西有雙重影像、對色彩的敏感度降低、畏光，或晚上看路燈或車頭燈等光源時，出現光暈的情況
我們的眼睛好比照相機，透過角膜和水晶體兩個鏡頭接收外界的光線，呈像於視網膜的眾多感光細胞上，再經由視神經將訊息上傳至大腦組合成影像，才能使我們“看見”這世界。而重要的鏡頭之一 ~ 水晶體，位於瞳孔內側，長得像一顆透明的MM巧克力，是由一層細胞組成的外囊，包著排列整齊的蛋白質纖維所構成的。它原本應該是 透明的，若因為老化或其他因素導致混濁、褐變或硬化，就會遮蔽視線而導致視力模糊，稱為白內障。
一般葉黃素不足，最常引起的就是老化性視網膜黃斑區病變（AMD，65歲以上喪失視力的主要原因）和白內障（60歲以上的老年人中約有95%以上的人發生白內障）.
過敏
skin
Collagen 膠原蛋白
濕疹 Eczema
- 3 Effective Home Remedies For Annoying Eczema Oat meal, Coconut oil
骨頭, 脊椎
韌帶 (Ligament) vs 肌腱 (Tendon)
- Ligament connects bone to bone while tendon connects muscle to bone. See this picture
類風濕性關節炎 RA/rheumatoid arthritis
骨刺 Osteophyte/Bone spur
椎間盤突出
腕隧道症候群 CTS
五十肩 Frozen Shoulder
Spine exercise
髖關節 vs 坐骨神經
Body
膽囊
大腸
大腸包括盲腸(cecum)、結腸(colon, main part)、直腸(rectum) 以及肛管(anus)
結腸
Lose weight
Senior Health
Alzheimer's disease (AD) 阿兹海默病
Parkinson's Disease 帕金森氏症
提升副交感神經(parasympathetic nerve/PN)方法
副交感神經的主要功能是使瞳孔縮小、心跳減慢、皮膚和內臟血管舒張、小支氣管收縮、胃腸蠕動加強、括約肌鬆弛、唾液和淚液分泌增多、男性生殖器的勃起等。
- 腹式呼吸 (10 minutes each day)
- 打太極拳等身心運動
- 接近植物、利用溫度、吃熱食、睡覺
Athelete foot
- Coconut oil
- For blister, try paper surgical tape
瞑想的極致
讓自己的內心不起波瀾 Live a tranquil life
How to Survive Overthinking
http://www.wikihow.com/Survive-Overthinking
孫思邈養生十三法
http://itcadc.org/doc/itca_taichi_library_exercise.pdf
喝茶的注意事項
喝咖啡的注意事項
- 患高血压、冠心病、动脉硬化等疾病：长期或大量饮用咖啡，可引起心血管疾病。
- 老年妇女：咖啡会减少钙质、引起骨质疏松。妇女绝经后，每天需要加十倍的钙量。因此記得要多運動、補充鈣質食物如小魚乾、牛奶、綠色蔬菜、乳酪或鈣片等以免鈣質流失。
- 胃病患者：喝咖啡过量可引起胃病恶化。
- 孕妇：饮过量咖啡，可导致胎儿畸形或流产。另外咖啡因會興奮兒童中樞神經系統、干擾兒童的記憶，因此兒童不要喝比較好。
- 维生素B缺乏者：生素B1可保持神经系统的平衡和稳定，而咖啡对其有破坏作用。维生素B群是维持肌肤光泽重要营养素。
- 癌症患者：饮用过量的咖啡对正常人有致癌的危险。
最好是飯後20分鐘左右再飲用會較好。 避免在睡前3~5小時飲用。 咖啡的提神效果可維持5到6小時。
Instant Noodle
Fingers and Health
Brain tumor
cancer.net and statistics.
Foods to increase circulaion
If You’ve Included These 8 Foods In Your Diet, You’re Having Good Circulation
Cancer
Different stage of cancer
See http://seer.cancer.gov/cgi-bin/glossary/glossary.pl
- In situ cancer is early cancer that is present only in the layer of cells in which it began.
- Localized cancer is cancer that is limited to the organ in which it began, without evidence of spread.
- Regional cancer is cancer that has spread beyond the original (primary) site to nearby lymph nodes or organs and tissues.
- Distant cancer is cancer that has spread from the primary site to distant organs or distant lymph nodes.
- Unstaged cancer is cancer for which there is not enough information to indicate a stage.
Looking for a doctor
Genes
Most notable genes present in the human genome
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_genes
Tumor suppressor gene
Oncogene
Oncogenes are genes that promote cell growth and reproduction.