Mail server

From 太極
Revision as of 09:05, 31 October 2023 by Brb (talk | contribs) (→‎mail command)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Running an Email Server

  • Mail Transport/Transfer Agents (MTAs) - send messages between servers (required)
  • Mail Delivery Agents (MDAs) - store messages in the recipient's mailbox (required)
  • Mail User Agents (MUA) - software for reading messages

You need a domain name and appropriate MX records in your DNS.

See lynda.com

  • Linux: Email Services
  • Linux System Engineer: Mail Systems Using Postfix
  • Linux Foundation Cert Prep: Email Services (Ubuntu)

POP, IMAP and Exchange

POP works by contacting your email service and downloading all of your new messages from it. Once they are downloaded onto your PC or Mac, they are deleted from the email service.

IMAP allows you to access your email wherever you are, from any device. When you read an email message using IMAP, you aren't actually downloading or storing it on your computer; instead, you're reading it from the email service. As a result, you can check your email from different devices, anywhere in the world: your phone, a computer, a friend's computer.

Exchange offers the same syncing capabilities as IMAP, plus much more. Exchange is a Microsoft product, giving you the ability to still use Outlook as your email service and benefit from Exchange functionality.

Postfix

Introduction to Linux Postfix Architecture for Beginners

Configure Postfix to use Gmail as a Mail Relay

Adding Users, change user full name for Postfix

Setup a Local Only SMTP Email Server

# Send to another user in the same machine
echo "This is the email body" | sendmail -v -f sender_username receiver_username
sudo receiver_username
mutt

Send-only SMTP server

How to Build an Email Server on Ubuntu Linux

Docker

See Docker method

SSL

Raspberry Pi Email Server

Make Your Own Raspberry Pi Email Server

Ways to Keep Your Email Address Hidden

6 Ways to Keep Your Email Address Hidden

DuckDuckGo

DuckDuckGo Can Now Block Your Emails From Being Tracked

Send from google emails on Ubuntu

Change your google account to use less secure authentication. Otherwise it won't work and you will receive an email with a subject "Critical security alert" after you try to send out an email. 

sudo apt install mailutils
sudo nano /etc/postfix/main.cf   # no account information
sudo nano /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd # contains account information
cat /etc/ssl/certs/thawte_Primary_Root_CA.pem | sudo tee -a /etc/postfix/cacert.pem
sudo chown root:root /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db
sudo chmod 0600 /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd.db
sudo apt-get install --reinstall postfix
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix restart
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix reload
echo "Test Email message body" | mail -s "Email test subject" [email protected] # works

We can actually send to other email accounts. For example, we can use mailR package to send emails in R 

send.mail(from = "[email protected]",
  to = c("[email protected]"),
  replyTo = c("[email protected]"),
  subject = "Test",
  body = "test",
  smtp = list(host.name = "smtp.gmail.com", port = 465, 
              user.name = "yourname", passwd = "XX", ssl = TRUE),
  authenticate = TRUE,
  send = TRUE)

New domain

If you just bought a new domain name do not forget to fix it's emails!

Use Zoho Mail With Your Domain

How to Migrate from Gmail to Zoho Mail With Your Domain

How to Send an Email with a Different “From” Address in Outlook

How to Send an Email with a Different “From” Address in Outlook. How Email Providers Handle Messages Sent From a Different “From” Address? How Do Scammers Use Fake “From” Addresses?

Bash Script to Send a Mail When ...

Bash Script to Send a Mail About New User Account Creation

Webmail

Install WebMail Lite PHP based Webmail Client on Debian 9.1

You have new mail

What is the "You have new mail" message in Linux/UNIX?

Command line tools

6 Ways to Send Email from the Linux Command Line:

  • mail
  • mailx
  • mutt
  • mpack
  • sendmail
  • ssmtp

mail command

  • Mailutils includes programs for reading, composing, and sending email, as well as managing mailboxes and user accounts. Mailutils can be used with a variety of mail servers, including Postfix, Exim, Sendmail, and Courier.
  • We still need to install Postfix in order to send emails. Postfix is an open-source mail transfer agent (MTA) that routes and delivers email to accounts that are external to the system. When you install Mailutils on Ubuntu, it will also install Postfix as a dependency if you don't already have some other MTA installed. See How To Install and Configure Postfix as a Send-Only SMTP Server on Ubuntu 20.04.
  • Use dpkg -l | grep postfix to check if postfix is installed.
  • How to Use the Linux mail Command
  • Send Email in Linux from Command Line.
    • While the command line emails clients are a lot simpler and less computationally intensive, you can only use them to send email to personal email domains and not to Gmail or Yahoo domains because of extra authentication required. Also, you cannot receive emails from external SMTP servers. Generally, it’s a lot easier if you use GUI email clients like Thunderbird or Evolution to avoid undelivered emails problem.
  • Details 
    sudo apt install mailutils postfix
# Tab. OK
# Default is "Internet Site". OK
# Enter 'System mail name'
#   If I enter host.domain.com, emails (to: [email protected]) can be sent externally 
#   If I enter domain.com, emails will be sent internally on the local host
#   The value will be saved in /etc/postfix/main.cf
    • Configure postfix: sudo nano /etc/postfix/main.cf
    • Scroll to the bottom and change "inet_interfaces = all" to "inet_interfaces = loopback-only"
    • systemctl restart postfix
    • echo "This is the body" | mail -s "This is the subject" -a "FROM:[email protected]" [dest address]
    • Not work. Check /var/log/mail.log file (I'm using Debian 11). It shows the mails were delivered to the local user. ls /var/mail/$USER. Or switch to the user and run "mail".
    • It works if I limit the dest address to use my domain name instead of host.domain-name. Not understand if it is b/c I use forwardmail.net.

mutt

Mutt is a command line email app for Linux and here's how to set it up

sendemail package

sendEmail -f $USERNAME -s smtp.gmail.com:587 \
            -xu $USERNAME -xp $PASSWORD -t $USERNAME \
            -o tls=yes \
            -u "Web page changed" \
            -m "Visit it at $URL"

sendEmail -f [email protected] -t [email protected] \
            -s smtp.gmail.com:587 -xu [email protected] -xp YOURPASSWORD \
            -o tls=yes \
            -u "Hello from sendEmail" \
            -m "How are you? I'm testing sendEmail from the command line."

Modoboa

How to Set Up a Mail Server with Modoboa on Debian 10

Kolab

Install and Configure Kolab Groupware on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS

Criptext: private email service

Zimbra

How to Install Zimbra Collaboration Suite 8.8 on Ubuntu

Temporary/Disposable email

Create A Temporary Email From The Command Line With tmpmail

Trouble shooting

Retrieved from "https://wiki.taichimd.us/index.php?title=Mail_server&oldid=38071"