Revision as of 14:19, 19 October 2021

Books

The Elements of Style by William Strunk Jr

Form the possessive singular of nouns by adding's 單數名詞字尾加’s，構成名詞所有格
In a series of three or more terms with a single conjunction, use a comma after each term except the last 敘述一系列超過三個以上的名詞，在最後一個名詞前使用連接詞，其餘的每個名詞以逗號分隔
Enclose parenthetic expressions between commas 將作附帶說明用的插入句放在兩個逗號中間
Place a comma before a conjunction introducing a co-ordinate clause 以連接詞 and 或 but 引介獨立子句，在連接詞的前方標示逗號
Do no join independent clauses by a comma 不可用逗號直接連接獨立子句
Do no break sentences in two 不可將句子任意拆成兩部分
A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to the grammatical subject 在行末須將單詞拆成兩半時，必須遵守構字和發音的法則
Make the paragraph the unit of composition: one paragraph to each topic 將每個段落視為一個單位：每個段落有其中心宗旨
As a rule, begin each paragraph with a topic sentence, end it in conformity with the beginning. 每個段落以一句主題句 (topic sentence)開頭，結尾須與開頭呼應
Use the active voice. 使用主動語態
Put statement in positive form. 盡量使用肯定句
Use definite, specific, concrete language.
Omit needless words. 刪除贅字
Avoid a succession of loose sentences 避免連續使用結構鬆散的句子
Express co-ordinate ideas in similar form 以相似的句型結構敘述對等的概念
Keep related words together 將相關的詞放在一起
In summaries, keep to one tense 摘要敘述時，維持同一時態
Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end 將欲強調的詞或詞組放在句子末尾

英文寫作風格的要素（中英完整版）, 英文寫作風格的要素

The Sense of Style

The Only Grammar Book You'll Ever Need

How to Write it

How to Write it - A complete guide to everything you'll ever write by Sandra Lamb

Online tools

The 5 Best Grammar Checkers
The 7 Best Grammar and Punctuation Sites
Hemingway Editor $20 Windows/Mac

Writing that works

Ten simple rules for structuring papers

http://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005619

Writing Resources

NIH Library

Writing in the Sciences

Essentials of writing biomedical research papers, Mimi Zeiger, McGraw Hill. Use past tense for completed actions:
```
  We found that ...
  Weomen were more likely to ...
  Men smoked more cigarettes than ...
  The avergae reaction time was ...
```
Use the present tense for assertions that continue to be true, such as what the tables show, what you believe, and what the data suggest:
```
  Figure 1 shows ...
  The findings confirm ...
  The data suggest ...
  We believe that this shows ...
```
Past Or Present Tense In Scientific Writing For Research Papers & Thesis
Which Tense Should Be Used in Abstracts: Past or Present?
INFOGRAPHIC: The secret to using tenses in scientific writing
Using past and present tenses in research writing

Reading a scientific paper

Ten simple rules for reading a scientific paper

Writing academic papers

How to improve your academic writing

Review papers

How to review a paper

Readings

Angelika Hofmann. Scientific writing and communication. Oxford University Press. 2010.
Ten simple rules for developing good reading habits during graduate school and beyond

Grammar

Punctuation

http://www.thepunctuationguide.com/

a, an

http://www.wikihow.com/Use-%22A%22-and-%22An%22-Correctly

See some instances below

What is an STL sequence? // NOT What is 'a' STL sequence?
In a single-cell organism ... // NOT An
Assuming that you have an SSH server running ...
It also adds an S3 print method for the returned object.
Saving scan results in an XML format. Scan results can be written into an XML file.
Senate Republicans and the White House should drop their inexplicable opposition to an FBI investigation.
How to clean an RV shower.
A utility for easy downloading of reads from NGS repositories like NCBI SRA.

On vs in vs for

How to move the taskbar icons to the left on Windows 11
8 New features we're excited for in Windows 11
Video DownloadHelper is now running on the same code base as Video DownloadHelper 7 for Firefox !

Apostrophes

http://www.writing-kit.com/apostrophes/

upper-left

It's on the upper right side.
It's in the bottom left corner.
"at the top" or "at the bottom"
"on the left side" or "on the right side"

See http://www.phrasemix.com/phrases/the-top-bottom-right-left-corner

Conjunction

Conjunctions

Semicolon

How to Use a Semicolon Correctly
(From the paper "ASSESSMENT AND COMPARISON OF PROGNOSTIC CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES FOR SURVIVAL DATA") Table I. Prognostic study in node negative breast cancer: results from full Cox model and backward elimination.

[math]\displaystyle{ \hat{\beta} }[/math], estimated log-relative risk; RR, relative risk; P, P-value (full Cox model); [math]\displaystyle{ \hat{\beta}_{BE} }[/math], estimated log-relative risk of selected factors after backward elimination

Colon

These Are the Only Ways You Should Be Using a Colon

which

Source.
- If you use a French press, a percolator, or prefer to drink espresso, then your coffee consists of a significantly higher amount of cafestol than if you use paper filtered or instant coffee, which causes the body’s low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels to rise.
- Since the discovery of the coffee plant, which is said to have originated in Ethiopia when a goat herder noticed his goats’ increased energy levels after they accidentally consumed the unknown berries, science has made great advances in the coffee world.
More examples
- The change, which is scheduled to come into effect on Jan. 1, is widely viewed as an effort by the government to satisfy U.S. prerquisites for any negotiations on a bilateral trade deal.

That being said vs. That means

https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/that-being-said-vs-that-means.1140815/

'I.e.' and 'E.g.'

When to Use 'I.e.' and 'E.g.'

anytime vs any time

Anytime vs. Any Time: What’s the Difference? from https://writingexplained.org/.

everyone vs every one

grammarly.com
Everyone vs. Every One: What’s the Difference?
'Every Day' vs. 'Everyday' (and Other Homonyms You’re Probably Mixing Up All the Time). Anyone vs any one. Everyone vs every one.

no is singular or plural

Should “no” be followed by a singular or a plural noun?

Comma before "which" and "who"

When the information provided by the clause starting with "which" or "who" is required to define the person (or thing), then there are no commas.
If the clause provides just additional information, then use commas. It also means the clause can be put in parentheses or even we can delete the clause.

Grammar-monster. Examples:

Kindness is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see. (which can be replaced with "that")

Philosophy is written in the universe, which stands continually open to our gaze.

The boy who broke our window brought some flowers to the door. (Correct)
It is very important that people who get the first shot of the vaccine get the second shot.

Jeremy Buxton of 16 High Street who was born in Boston is the second person from the village to represent the country at basketball. (Incorrect)

Maxn cats, which live on the Isle of Man, have a longer life expectancy than normal domestic cats. (Manx cats have a longer life expectancy than normal cats.)

Maxn cats which live on the Isle of Man have a longer life expectancy than normal domestic cats. (Only Manx cats living on the Isle of Man have a longer life expectancy.)

a Hyphen Versus a Dash

Here’s When to Use a Hyphen Versus a Dash

"for example"

12 Ways to Use "for Example" for Clearer Writing

(beginning) ... For example, chalkboard paint allows kids to draw on walls.
(middle) ... Vinegar, for example, will clean most things.
- Kelly expected us to bring our own supplies, for example, our notebooks and pens.
- Becky measured out her ingredients (for example flour and sugar) before she started baking.
- Find ways to fit activity into your day; for example, you could take the stairs instead of the elevator.
(end) "The diet does require you to eliminate a few things from your diet—sugar, for example." "Learn a new language through immersion by changing the default language on your phone, for example."

Apps

Two Useful Apps To Turn Your Writing From Good To Great

Grammarly
5 Free Alternatives to Grammarly for Students
- Typely
- Slick Write
- Language Tool
- Hemingway App
- Virtual Writing Tutor
Hemingway Editor

Reedsy

4 Ways Reedsy Can Help Improve Your Creative Writing

Letters

Cover letter

6 Skills People Good At Writing Cover Letters Never Told You
- Always Keep it Crisp
- Do Your Homework
- Draft it Up
- Go for Broke
- Lean on A Friend
How to Write a Cover Letter

Recommendation letter

How to Ask Your Professor for a Letter of Recommendation Via Email

Goodbye letter

https://m.wikihow.com/Write-Goodbye-Letters

Writing Words of Condolence

With deep regret we say good-bye to our esteemed colleague XXX. Our sympathies go out to his family.
I am very sorry. I like to think that they will always with us in a way. Sending love and strength to you.
I am so sorry that you are going through this. XXXX are so special.
My condolences to you and your family.
Sending warm thoughts. Take good care.

Web Tools

Take 5 Minutes To Read And Improve Your Writing Skills Forever - several recommended books for writing
https://labs.foxtype.com/politeness Help write more polite messages
20 Not-So-Popular Websites Students Should Visit to Make Studying Easier
Come Up With the Perfect Name for Anything

Rewordify

https://rewordify.com/index.php

Shorten

Email

Acronyms 縮寫

How to End an Email

Dictionary

https://dict.eudic.net/

SOP

Ten simple rules on how to write a standard operating procedure

Death Euphemisms 婉語

101 Death Euphemisms

Example of paper reviews

See the supplementary of Demystifying “drop-outs” in single-cell UMI data

Handwriting

How to Speak American

Misc

Android can be a hindrance as much as it can be an advantage, however. Android apps aren't designed for E Ink screens so they often present problems with excessive screen flashing, sometimes menus are unreadable, and a lot of apps are just flat not compatible.
You’re Using Too Many Adjectives (and Other Common Writing Mistakes to Avoid)

@@ Line 276: / Line 276: @@
 = Misc =
 * Android can be a ''hindrance as much as'' it can be an advantage, however. Android apps aren't designed for E Ink screens so they often ''present problems'' with excessive screen flashing, sometimes menus are unreadable, and a lot of apps are just flat not compatible.
+* [https://lifehacker.com/you-re-using-too-many-adjectives-and-other-common-writ-1847874443 You’re Using Too Many Adjectives (and Other Common Writing Mistakes to Avoid)]

Writing: Difference between revisions