Samba

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Revision as of 21:10, 3 November 2024 by Brb (talk | contribs) (→‎DietPi)
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Samba - allows Linux to transfer files with Windows clients

sudo apt-get install -y samba samba-common python-glade2 system-config-samba
sudo cp -pf /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak
sudo sh -c 'cat /dev/null  > /etc/samba/smb.conf'
sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
sudo service smbd restart
testparm
# password protected
sudo addgroup smbgrp
sudo useradd till -G smbgrp
sudo smbpasswd -a SOMEEXISTEDUSER
sudo mkdir -p /samba/secured
cd /samba
sudo chmod -R 0770 secured
sudo chown root:smbgrp secured
sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
sudo service smbd restart 
testparm

sudo netstat -pant | grep smbd   # mine shows 139 & 445
$ ps -ef | grep smbd    # see if the Samba daemon (smbd)
$ ps -ef | grep nmbd    # see if the NetBIOS name server daemon (nmbd) is running

$ sudo service smbd stop  # does not stop nmbd 
$ sudo service nmbd stop

$ sudo service smbd start
$ sudo service nmbd start
sudo apt-get install samba samba-common
sudo apt-get install python-glade2
sudo apt-get install system-config-samba
Use Dash and search for 'samba'. It will ask for the user's password first. The samba password can also be set by
sudo smbpasswd -a USERNAME
  • A non-gui way to configuration samba is adding the following to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf file, sudo nano -w /etc/samba/smb.conf (-w means no-wrap). Any line beginning with a semicolon (“;”) or a hash (“#”) character is ignored.
[brb]
        path = /home/brb
;       writeable = no
;       browseable = yes
        guest ok = yes
  • (2020-04-27) Ubuntu 18.04. (2022-03) Ubuntu 20.04. This is following the class "Building an Ubuntu Home Server" in lynda.com
    1. mkdir /mnt/stored/shared
    2. chmod 444 /mnt/storage/shared # optional
    3. sudo apt install samba
    4. sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf. Scroll down to the bottom and add 
      5. [fileshare]
  comment = share files
  path = /mnt/storage/shared
  readonly = yes
  create mask = 0444
  directory mask = 0444
    5. testparm
    6. sudo systemctl restart smbd
    7. sudo smbpasswd -a CurrUserName (required)
    8. sudo useradd user2 # optional
    9. sudo passwd user2 # optional
    10. sudo smbpasswd -a user2 # optional
    11. sudo ufw allow 139/tcp # depends
    12. sudo ufw allow 445/tcp # depends

On Windows PC, go to start and open 'Run' then enter ip with double backslash. Like this (\\192.168.1.XX). On macOS/Linux, "Connect to Server" in the file browser, smb://192.168.1.XX/fileshare.

On Android, FE explorer, click "+". Enter Display Name, Host Name IP, Path, Port 445, User Name/PW. Save. It works.

Raspberry pi

How to Setup a Raspberry Pi Samba Server.

  • 1) sudo apt update; sudo apt-get install samba samba-common-bin
  • 2) mkdir /home/pi/shared
  • 3) sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
[pimylifeupshare]
path = /home/pi/shared
writeable=Yes
create mask=0777
directory mask=0777
public=no
“create mask” and “directory mask” – This option defines the maximum permissions for both files and folders. Setting this to 0777 allows users to read, write, and execute. Note when I create a new dir using mkdir, the permission is 755.
  • 4) sudo smbpasswd -a pi # samba username/password
  • 5) sudo systemctl restart smbd

DietPi

  • https://dietpi.com/docs/software/file_servers/
  • How to install DietPi
  • It seems ssh daemon is installed by default. It uses Dropbear, which is a lightweight SSH server optimized for resource-constrained devices.
  • By default, the samba setting is created and ready to use. cat /etc/samba/smb.conf shows the share folder is located at /mnt/dietpi_userdata and the user name is dietpi.
  • Following the last tab in the SAMBA section, we need to install the wsdd (Web Service Discovery Daemon) daemon so Samba share can be shown in the Windows network view. sudo apt install wsdd2. Original wsdd is written in python and wsdd2 is written in C. Note that https://github.com/ServerContainers/samba Docker image also includes an option to install wsdd2. See WS-Discovery on Wikipedia. Port 3702 was used.
  • Default /etc/samba/smb.conf from dietpi: 
    [dietpi]
        comment = DietPi Share
        path = /mnt/dietpi_userdata
        browseable = yes
        create mask = 0664
        directory mask = 0775
        valid users = dietpi
        writeable = yes

    Share printer

    How to Make Your Own Wireless Printer With a Raspberry Pi

    create mask, directory mask, UMASK

    • Understanding UMASK with Linux and Samba
    • Samba share permissions simplified
      • "create mask" default is 0744. This means that, by default, the owner of a newly created file will have read, write, and execute permissions (7), while the group and others will only have read permissions.
      • Directories must have the execute bit for proper access. Default parameter for "directory mask" is 0755. This means that, by default, the owner of a newly created directory will have read, write, and execute permissions (7), while the group and others will have read and execute permissions (5).
      • The leading 0 in the mask 0755 is used to indicate that the value is an octal (base-8) number. The leading 0 is not required when setting permissions using the chmod command or when specifying permissions in the smb.conf file, but it is commonly included to make it clear that the value is an octal number. So, 0755 and 755 are equivalent and will result in the same permissions being set.
    • How to create a Samba share
      • create mask = 0660: files in the share are created with permissions to allow all group users to read and write files created by other users.
      • directory mask = 0770: as before, but for directories.
      • This has nothing to do with Samba. This is related to file permissions.

    smbclient command - terminal method

    • You can use the `smbclient` command to send or receive files to a Samba server from the Linux command line. `smbclient` is a program that comes with Samba and provides an FTP-like interface to access files on a Samba server.
      To install `smbclient` on Ubuntu, you can use the following command: sudo apt install smbclient. Once you have `smbclient` installed, you can use it to send a file to a Samba server with a command like this: smbclient //server/share -c 'cd /remote/path ; put local-file' . This command connects to the specified Samba server and share, changes to the specified remote directory, and uploads the specified local file. You can also use the `-U` option to specify a different remote username if needed.
      To receive a file from a Samba server, you can use the `get` command within `smbclient`, like this: smbclient //server/share -c 'cd /remote/path ; get remote-file' . This command connects to the specified Samba server and share, changes to the specified remote directory, and downloads the specified remote file.
    • Mount a samba shared folder. See Mounting_a_Samba_Share_using_the_cifs-utils_package.
    • I have trouble to connect to the samba server though connecting it itself from the samba server works fine. 
      $ smbclient -L //192.168.1.XX/sambashare -U SOMEEXISTEDUSER
WARNING: The "syslog" option is deprecated
Connection to 192.168.1.XX failed (Error NT_STATUS_IO_TIMEOUT)

# From server itself
$ smbclient -L //localhost 

# Solution: ufw
# https://askubuntu.com/a/184806
sudo ufw allow Samba

    Remove and re-install Samba

    $ sudo apt-get remove --purge samba
$ sudo apt-get remove --purge smbclient libsmbclient

$ sudo apt-get install samba
$ sudo apt-get install smbclient libsmbclient

    Access

    Mounting a Samba Share using the cifs-utils package

    • Mounting a Samba Share
    • How to Mount Windows Share on Linux using CIFS. If we don't add the uid=1000,gid=1000 option, all files will belong to root since we are using "sudo" to run the "mount" command. We can use id -u to find the current user id. 
      sudo mount -t cifs \
  -o username=YOURUSERNAME,password=YOUPASSWORD,uid=1000,gid=1000 \
  //server_name_or_ip/shareName \ # shareName is different from a folderName
  /mnt/folder_to_mount_to/

      OR How to Mount SMB Shares in Ubuntu 22.04? 

      sudo mount -t cifs \
     -o rw,vers=3.0,credentials=/root/.SMBcredentials \
     //192.168.43.20/shared \
     /media/share

    Navigate to a samba location I've mounted in Nautilus on the command line

    How do I navigate to a samba location I've mounted in Nautilus on the command line? 

    $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/gvfs

    For example, 

    $ ls -l $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/gvfs
total 0
drwx------ 1 brb brb 0 Jul 22 22:16 smb-share:server=odroidxu4.local,share=ext3
drwx------ 1 brb brb 0 Aug 13 19:50 smb-share:server=openmediavault.local,share=share

$ echo $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
/run/user/1000

    How to mount a Samba shared directory at boot

    How to mount a Samba shared directory at boot

    Not seen by Android apps

    I use OpenMediaVault to create shared folders. The share folders can be seen my Ubuntu, but not by some Android apps (eg Material Files, FE File Explorer network neighborhood, Amaze File Explorer). However, My Files (Samsung) and Solid Explorer can see OMV SMB share folders.

    Permission denied on soft-link folders

    Server side: 

    [global]
allow insecure wide links = yes

[share]
follow symlinks = yes
wide links = yes

    sudo service smbd restart

    Client side (pay attention to the mfsymlinks option): 

    mount -t cifs //server/share /mountpoint -o username=user,password=pass,vers=3.0,mfsymlinks

    In OpenMediaVault, go to Service -> SMB/CIFS -> Settings. At the end add the following to "Extra options" 

    follow symlinks = yes
wide links = yes
allow insecure wide links = yes

    For my local /etc/fstab file, I have something like (pay attention to the mfsymlinks option) 

    //192.168.XX.XX/ShareName /media/ssd500 cifs credentials=/etc/samba/credentials,mfsymlinks,uid=1000,gid=1000,x-systemd.device-timeout=10 0 0

    Example of /etc/samba/smb.conf

    [global]
workgroup = WORKGROUP
server string = Samba Server %v
netbios name = ubuntu
security = user
map to guest = bad user
dns proxy = no
logging = syslog@0 file
allow insecure wide links = yes

[share]
comment = share files
path = /home/XXX/Path1
readonly = yes
# create mask = 0444
# directory mask = 0444
follow symlinks = yes
wide links = yes

[taichiVideo]
comment = tai chi video
path = /Path2/
read only = yes
writable = no
browsable = yes
guest ok = yes

    /etc/fstab

    SambaCry vulnerability and check Samba version

    http://pcworld.com/article/3199106/linux/the-sambacry-scare-gives-linux-users-a-taste-of-wannacry-petya-problems.html

    To check your samba version 

    $ smbd -V
Version 4.3.11-Ubuntu
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